高考书面表达应试指导课件

书面表达篇,常见错误有以下几个方面：1.审题错误抓不住文章的所要写的要点例文（1）中国学生通常过生日的方式，如生日聚会、生日礼物、生日祝福等；（2）我认为有意义的庆祝方式以及这样做的目的或理由。,ChineseBirthdayFirstletmeshowyousomethingabouttheChinesebirthday.Usuallyitincludesthreeparts:party,giftandgoodrewards.Onthebirthday,weoftenwearourfavoriteclothes,whichmakesusveryhappy.Wealsowillorganizeabirthdaypartyintheevening.Attheparty,wellpreparelotsofdeliciousfoods,especiallythebirthdaycake.Thenwewilleatthecake.Wesinganddancetogether.Atlast,welltakethegifttothepersonwhowasbornonthatday.Inthegifttherewillbeacard,onwhichareourbestwishes.,2.格式错误不熟悉常见应用文的格式需要熟练掌握的应用文有：书信、日记、通知（分书面通知和口头通知）,ReceiversaddressDate,Dear,Bodyoftheletter,Sincerely/TrulyYours,Writersname,Saturday,February14th.2007,Sunny,Thebodyoftheyourdiary,Boysandgirls,mayIhaveyourattention,please?/Attentionplease,everyone.Thatsall.Thankyou!,口头通知,书面通知,NoticeStudentsUnion,3.词法错误1)用词重复如：returnback;repeatagain;ChinesestudentsinChinahaveourownwaytocelebratebirthday.2)用词不当如：把bring写成“take”，“get”，“fetch”等把欢迎某人到我校写成welcomeyoutovisitourschool正确的说法是：Youarewelcometovisitourschool.或Welcometoourschool.,3)词性混淆A.不及物动词当成及物动词：例如：ishappened/isbelongedto/come(to)thecity/return(to)theplaceB.把形容词用作动词如：例如：Thiswillhappytheforeignvisitors.Pleasereadyasmallgift.C.不可数名词用成可数名词：例如:makeagreatprogresswhatafineweatherday!,D.形容词和副词的使用错误例如：workhardlytalkfriendlyDonttakeitserious.4）虚词错误A.冠词的漏用和误用例如：Sendhimaemail.B.介词使用错误例如：Theyhadtowaitthebusunderthehotsun.underthesun:普天之下,5）拼写错误把礼物present写成peasantparents,pleasant,如把present写成parents那行文就成了pleasebringalongyoursmallparentsforthispurpose.Remembertowrapitup.signyournameandwriteafewwordsofgoodwishes.,注意同形词:model-medal-mental-metaleffort-effect-offer-affectabroad-board-broad-aboardstrict-strike-stick注意易拼错单词：modern,government,destroy,true,official等,4.句法错误1）连词错误如：because与so;although/though与but同时使用。或两个句子之间没有连词，如：HelikesEnglish,IlikeMaths.2)汉式英语如：“晚会将在主楼花园顶上举行。”写成”Thepartywillinthemainbuildingroofgardenheld.”“操场上有五个学生在踢足球。”写成“Ontheplaygroundtherearefivestudentsplayfootball.”把Therewillbeaparty写成Therewillhaveaparty.,3）句子前后不一致学生常常容易在文章中的时态、语态、人称、主谓一致出现错误。如：Theplacecansolvetheproblem.Thebookwasdisappearedlastweek.MrSmith,withhiswife,havearrivedinShanghai.IwillgotovisityouassoonasIwillreturntoChina.Youshouldworkhard.Ifnot,wewillfailtopasstheexam.,四对策词汇是保证，语法是基础，句型是关键如何写好句子写好句子有许多方法和技巧，谈谈句子的基本结构及与汉语的一些区别。A.确定主语英语句子无论多长都有自己的主语（祈使句除外）。动手写句子首先要确定主语，其次要特别注意汉语与英语的区别。其中几点请学生注意：,A.汉语中的主语不一定是英文中的主语。例如：北京八月多雨。英文中不说“BeijingrainsmuchinAugust.”而说“ItrainsmuchinBeijinginAugust.”英文中主谓语有时需要倒装，汉语则不需要。例如：OnlythendidIrealizehowimportantitistostudyEnglish,B.动词是关键英文中没有动词就构不成句子，但英语动词千变万化，稍不注意就会写错句子。在写句子时应特别注意以下几个方面。注意及物与不及物动词的正确运用。注意非延续性动词的用法。注意一些不可用作被动语态的动词。注意一些动词的特殊用法。注意那些汉译意思相同实际用法不同的词。注意动词的时态及时态的一致。注意部分常用动词及动词词组的辨异，否则，差之毫厘，谬以千里，以下是一些容易混淆的动词词组。,betiredof因烦恼betiredfrom因感到累wear穿（状态）puton穿（动作）becomparedwith与比较becomparedto把比作bemadefrom由制作（改变本质）bemadeupof由构成bemadeof由制成(不改变本质)find找（结果）lookfor找（动作）lookat看（动作）see看（结果）beusedto习惯于usedto过去常常,1）“启”-创造良好开端常用表达“启”的过渡词语和词组有:inthefirstplace,firstofall,firstly,generallyspeaking,tostartwith,tobeginwith等。常用表达“启”的句型有:asisknowntoall/asweallknow;astheproverbsays;itisoftensaidthat;asanewwaysof;therehavebeenmanychanges;itisclear/obvious等。,3用好“启、承、转。合”的词语和句子,例句：（天津）Asweallknow,wearewhatweeat.Therefore,itsveryimportantforustoformhealthyeatinghabits.(北京）ItsoftensaidthatallworkwithoutplaymakesJackadullboy.Astheproverbsays,nopains,nogains.,2）“承”-顺势承上启下常用表达“承”的过渡词语和词组有：secondly;inaddition;besides;furthermore;moreover;whatismore;whatisworse,forexample;inotherwords,especially,particularly,obviously,atthesametime,nodoubt等,常用表达“启”的句型有:comparedwiththat;asfarasIknow;Itistruethat;Itisknowntoallthat;Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat;thereasonwhy.;Thereisnodoubtthat;Itisnowonderthat;whatismoreseriousisthat等。例句：（湖北）Itisknowntousthatsomestudentscheatinexaminationatschool.(福建)AsfarasIknow,Englishlearningshouldstartfromchildhood.,3）“转”-巧妙转折过渡常用表达“转”的过渡词语和词组有：but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,inanycase,or,orelse,while,despite,inspiteof,regardlessof,instead常用表达“转”的句型有:Everycoinhastwosides.Butfor,Iwouldnever;anotherexampleisthat;Takingeverythingintoconsideration;ThatswhyIfeelthat等,例句：Butforhishelp,Iwouldneversucceedinmyexperiment.Takingeverythingintoconsideration,youhavetoworkmuchhardthanbeforetowinthecompetition.,4）“合”-完美结束全文常用表达“合”的过渡词语和词组有：inaword,ingeneral,inshort,aboveall,finally,inconclusion,atlast,insummary,asaresult,aboveall,onthewhole等常用表达“合”的句型有:somethingmustbedoneto.;itcanbesafelyconcludedfromthat;inmyopinion;wecandrawtheconclusionthatitmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows等,例句Wecandrawtheconclusionthatgoodmannersarisefrompolitenessandrespectforothers.Somethingmustbedone/somemeasuresmustbetakentoimproveourenvironment.Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows:itshightimethatourgovernmenttooksomemeasurestoimproveourenvironment,A.”启“根据所给提示句型完成下列句子：Firstofall,youshould首先你们必须在用餐前洗手。2.Someofusthinkthatitsbetterto我们有些人认为看电影比读原著好。3.Tosomeextent,theway我们的交际方式在一定程度上取决于我们的文化。,B.”承“_（加之，而且），Ihavealotofhomeworktodo._(此外）,weshouldimproveourstudymethodsandgetwellpreparedfortheexam._(更重要的是）isthatyoushouldlistenattentivelyinclassanddoyouhomeworkcarefully.,Whatsmore,Besides,Whatismoreimportant,C.“转”1.Asstudents,weoftentakeexamsatschool,_sometimeswehavetoomanyexamswhicharetoodifficultforus.2.Idontthinkeveryonehastriedhisbest._,someofusarelazyanddontworkhardattheirlessons.3.Thesituationisgettingbetter._,therearestillsomeproblems,suchaswaterandairpollutionandheavytrafficinrushhours.,but,Onthecontrary,However,D.“合”Ihavetalkedalot._,itiswrongtocheatinexams._,itseemstomethatmeasuresareanimportantpartofourlife.,Inaword,Insummary,4.要善于使用英文的习惯用语和短语不善于使用英文习惯用法和短语，结果写出许多中式英语，如想表达“玩得很愉快”就写“playhappily”而不会用haveagoodtime,havefun,enjoyoneself这样的短语。又如想表达“我非常喜欢学英语”就写“IveryliketostudyEnglish,”而不会用“enjoylearning,beinterestedin,befondof”等习惯用语。这主要是受汉语负迁移影响，在书面表达题中要特别注意这样的问题。,5.要善于变通在平时的书面表达测试中，一些同学往往因为提示中的某个词不会表达，卡在那里写不下去，而不会拐个弯变通一下。如“他对某事不太熟悉”，(befamiliarwith)熟悉不知怎样表达就空在那，而不会用“Heknowsalittleaboutit”，又如“他这一生经历了许多事”。在“经历”卡住，实际上“Hehasseenalotinhislife”也能表达该意思。,6.多记成语：Nopains,nogains.Everycoinhastwosides.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Anearlybirdcatchestheworms.Wellbegunhalfdone.Youcannoteatyourcakeandhaveit.,Afterraincomesthesunshine.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Romeisnotbuiltinaday.Themorehaste,thelessspeed.Timeflies.,7.推荐好句:ItiswellknownthatItisgenerallybelievedthatItisuniversallyacknowledgedthatItiscommonlyacceptedthatnocollegeoruniversitycaneducateitsstudentsbythetimetheygraduate.人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。,5.Thisissueisbecomingamatterofconcernformoreandmorepeople,especiallyforparentsandexpertsineducation.这一问题已被越来越多的人所关注，尤其是父母和教育专家6.Themore.,themoreThemorebooksweread,themorelearnedwebecome.我们书读得越多，我们越有学问。7.Whatsmore/worse,8.AsfarasIamconcerned,9.Onnoaccountcanweignorethevalueofknowledge.我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。10.Itistimetheauthoritiesconcernedtookproperstepstosolvethetrafficproblems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。11.Thereisnodoubtthattheincreaseindemandcausedtheriseinprices.毫无疑问，需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。,12.Thereisnoneed13.Itisnowonderthat14.Letstakecarsforexample.Theynotonlypollutetheairincities,butmakethemcrowded.Furthermore,theyareresponsibleforalotoftrafficaccidents.15.Cleverassheis,/Studentasheis,./Hardasheworks,16.,NowadaysChristmasDayisbecomingmoreandmorepopularwithChineseyoungsters.Theycelebrateandenjoyitinvariousways.MeanwhiletheydontknowanddontcaremuchaboutthetraditionalChinesefesti