高中语法之形容词 副词

,GENERALREVISION,Adj.adv.,表示人和事物的特征，对名词起修饰和描绘作用。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.,什么叫形容词?,在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分,Heisagoodstudent.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.,当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后.e.g.,Isthereanythinginterestingintodaysnewspaper?,作定语,Thetreesturngreeninspring.Wearealoneontheisland.,只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词你能说出几个？,aloneafraidawakeasleepaliveable,作表语,形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语,Wemustkeeptheclassroomclean.,Hemadeushappy.,作宾语补足语,Colouritgreen.,Attention:有些单词以-ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、timely、brotherlysisterlymotherlyfatherly等。,系动词+形容词作表语,Thisdishsmellswell.Heisnotfeelinggoodtoday.Shefeltbadlyatthenews.Helooksveryseriously.,wellgood,goodwell,badlybad,seriouslyserious,Letsfillintheblanks,形容词的比较级和最高级构成,规则变化,不规则变化,tallerharderlargerwider,tallesthardestlargestwidest,biggerhotterfatterwetter,biggesthottestfattestwettest,happierdrierearlier,happiestdriestearliest,narrowercleverer,narrowestcleverest,moredifficultmorepopularmoreslowly,mostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly,少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est,规则变化,better,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,farthest/furthest,oldest/eldest,不规则变化,巧记：特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好little意思不是小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远,形容词原级的常用句型,TomisastallasMike.,as+形容词原形+as,Thereareasmanystudentsinourschoolasyours.,TomisthreetimesasoldasMike.,否定notas+形容词原形+as“和不一样”或notso+形容词原形+as“不及不如,TomisnotastallasMike.,TomisnotsotallasMike.,Thistruckisbigenoughtocarry5tons.,so+形容词原级+that丛句such+名词that丛句,Heissobigthathecantentertheroombythedoor.,too+原级+todosth.,Heistooyoungtojointhearmy.,形容词原级+enoughtodosth.,比较级+than,形容词比较级的常用句型,Thisbridgeislongerthanthatone.,Ourschoolislargerthantheirs.,表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Whichis+比较级，or?”,表示不及另一方时，使用“less+原级+than”,Whichislonger,thisoneorthat?,Thisparkislessbeautifulthanthatone.,“The+比较级，the+比较级”,“比较级+and+比较级”,Thesmallerthehouseis,thelessitwillcostustheheat.,Inspring,thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.,典型例题:1）-Areyoufeeling_?-Yes，Imfinenow.A.anywellB.anybetterC.quitegoodD.quitebetter2）Theexperimentwas_easierthanwehadexpected.A.moreB.muchmoreC.muchD.moremuch3）Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave_atschool.A.thehappiesttimeB.amorehappiertimeC.muchhappiesttimeD.amuchhappiertime,可修饰比较级的词abit,alittle,rather,much,far,byfar,many,alot,lots,agreatdeal,any,still,even等,注意no/not+比较级+than的特殊含义,AisnomorecarefulthanB.A和B两人都不仔细。AisnotmorecarefulthanB.A不如B仔细。,more.than与其说倒不如说Itismorelikeawallthanaspear.Theyaremorelikefatherandsonthanteacherandstudent.morethan+n./num./adj.Therearemorethanfiftystudentsinourclass.Heismorethanateacher;heisourfriend.Sheismorethankindtousall.,many,old和far1)如果后接名词时，muchmore+不可数名词manymore+可数名词复数2)old有两种比较级和最高级形式:older/oldest和elder/eldest。elder，eldest只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。Myelderbrotherisanengineer.Maryistheeldestofthethreesisters.3)far有两种比较级：farther，further它们在英语中都可指距离。在美语中，farther表示距离，further则表示进一步。Ihavenothingfurthertosay.,oneofthe+最高级+名词复数,形容词最高级的常用句型,最高级+of(in),Thisis/wasthe最高级+名词+that定语从句,LuXunisoneofthegreatestwriterslastcentury.,ThisistheworstfilmthatIhaveseentheseyears.,Ofallthemoviestars,IthinkZhangZiyiisthebest.,倍数的表达Aistwice/threetimesas+big/tall/high/wide/long+asBAistwice/threetimesbigger/taller/higher/wider/longerthanBAistwice/threetimesthesize/height/width/lengthofB,用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。,什么叫副词?,very,early,out,soon,quickly,etc.,副词的用法,四、副词的分类,副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g.,形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.,Attentions,MountQomolangmaisthehighestintheworld.,Jimjumped(the)highestoftheall.,fast-faster-fastestslowly-moreslowlymostslowly,频度副词放在动词前，情态动词和助动词之后。HealwaysgoestoschoolonfootShewasoftenlateforschoolIhaveneverbeentoBeijing,易混词语辨析与练习,late,later,latest,lately,The_editionofthedictionaryisfarbetterthanthepreviousones.Ifthecabarrives_,youwillmisstheflight.Thisphotoremindsmeofmy_grandfather.Hesnotbeenfeelingwelljust_.In_autumn,youwillfindthegroundcoveredwithfallenleaves.Atfirsthedeniedallguilt,buthe_madeapartialconfession.,latest,late,late,lately,late,later,rather,fairly,quite,Itis_thathisEnglishis_perfect.sure;veryB.right;ratherC.exact;fairlyD.certain;quite,1.rather常修饰贬义的词，fairly常修饰褒义的词。有些词本身并无褒贬，但用rather意为反感，用fairly意为赞许。Thisroomisfairlybig/ratherbig.2.quite与表示完全概念的词（right,wrong,perfect,certain,empty,full)连用时，表示“完全”=completely,still,yet,already,Theguestsare_here.Butthemeatisnotready_.It_hastobecookedforanotherfiveminutes.Haveyoufinishedthework_?Youareveryspeedy.,already,yet,still,yet,not,no,not为副词，修饰谓语，no为形容词，修饰名词,Wegot_helpfromthem.,no,Thereis_timeleft.Thereisscarcely_timeleft.,no,any,学习几个兼有两种形式的副词,1)close与closely；close意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔细地”，例如：Heissittingclosetome.Watchhimclosely.2)late与lately；late意思是“晚”；lately意思是“最近”，例如：Youhavecometoolate.Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?,学习几个兼有两种形式的副词,3)deep与deeply；deep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地”，例如：Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.4)high与highly；high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much，例如：Theplanewasflyinghigh.Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.,5)wide与widely；wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地；在许多地方”，如：Heopenedthedoorwide.Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.6)free与freely；free的意思是“免费”；freely的意思是“无限制地”Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.,值得熟记下列有关形容词、副词的固定搭配。Heisdead/blinddrunk.Heiswideawake.Hessound/fastasleep.Itsraining/snowingheavily.Heismoving/breathing/drinkingsmokingheavily.Thetraffic/Hismoustacheisheavy.,值得熟记下列有关形容词、副词的固定搭配。ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofJapan.Thepriceofthebookishigh/low.Thebookisexpensive/cheap.Johnsonsspeechwasbroadcastliveacrosstheworld.Withviewsbeyondhisageandevenasenseofhumor,JohnsonsoonbecameaninternationalsignofthefightagainstAIDSandHIV.Johnson的演讲是全球现场直播的。凭着他这个年龄段的观点以及这样的幽默感，Johnson很快变成了一个抵抗艾滋病毒的国际代言人。,1.Thebreadis_thanthesecakesA.verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.asdelicious,2.LinTaojumped_inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingA.farB.fartherC.farthestD.quitefar,3.Whentheymetinthehotel.Theytalkedandlaughed_A.happilyB.happyC.happierD.happiest,C,C,Practice,A,4.Inourcityits_inJuly,butitiseven_inAugustA.hotterhottestB.hothotC.hotterhotD.hothotter5.HainanisaverylargeIsland.Itisthesecond_islandinchina.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.mostlargest6.Anelephantis_thanatiger.A.heavyB.veryheavyC.theheaviestD.heavier,D,C,D,7.Ahorseis_thanadog.A.muchheavyB.moreheavierC.muchheavierD.moreheavy8.Emmaalwaysmakesalotofmistakes.Sheis_.A.careB.carefulC.carefullyD.careless9.Whichsubjectis_,physicsorchemistry?A.interestingB.mostinterestingC.moreinterestingD.themostinteresting,C,D,C,10.Heis_enoughtocarrytheheavybox.A.strongB.strongerC.muchstrongerD.thestrongest11.Lileioftentalks_butdoes_soeveryonesaysheisagoodboy.A.lessmoreB.fewmuchC.morelittleD.littlemany12.Whenthefamoussingerstartedtosing,everyonebegantoshoutvery_.A.loudlyB.loudC.heavilyD.high,A,A,A,介词(一)表示时间的介词(1)at接具体时间：egatsix，athalfpasttwo，attentotwelve表示“在时刻”；eg:atnoon，atmidnight(2)in表示“在(某段时间段)之间”；eginJanuary，inamonth，inspring，in2005在将来时中，表示“在某段时间之后”egIntenyears，IthinkIllbeareporter(3)on表示在具体的某一天或