牛津英语模块5Unit1 Grammar课件（公开课）

M5Unit1Grammar,Iwasshockedtofindapieceofpaperinpaperonmydesk,Wecalltheredwords动词不定式(todosth.).,SentencesfromReading:,Imustbereallystupidtofailasimplemathquiz,Ipretendedtobecheerful,Wewenttowashourhandsinthegirlsroom,本节课重点提要,1.不定式的基本形式和否定形式2.不定式的时态和语态3.不定式的基本用法4保留不定式符号to5.不带to的不定式,TheyadvisedmetogiveupsmokingTheyadvisedme_smoking.HepromisedtotakecareofthepoorHepromised_thepoor,不定式的基本形式是由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是nottodo.,笔记要点1,Step1,基本形式和否定形式,not,to,give,up,not,to,take,care,of,动词不定式的时态和语态,1.Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.,2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.,.一般式(todo/tobedone).,不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。,Step2,笔记要点2,.进行式(tobedoing),1.Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.,2.Theyseemedtobetalkingaboutsomethingsecret.,如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。,动词不定式的时态和语态,笔记要点3,动词不定式的时态和语态,.完成式（tohavedone/tohavebeendone),2.Impleasedtohavebeengiventhischance.,1.YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.,如果不定式的动作发生在谓语之前。,如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式要用被动形式.,小结,todo,tobedone,tobedoing,无,tohavedone,tohavebeendone,动词不定式,Todolikethatisfoolish.,Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.,Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.,Wefoundahousetolivein.,ShecameheretostudyEnglish.,Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,Step3不定式的用法,作主语,_isreallyimportantnowadays.,_isright=Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.,1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。,2.放弃吸烟是对的。,不定式短语作主语时，用it作形式主语，真正的主语后置。,Tomasteraforeignlanguage,Togiveupsmoking,作宾语,Freddidnthaveanymoney,sohedecided_,Hepromisednot_,1.Fred没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。,2.他答应不告述任何人这事。,(构成V.+todo的形式),afford,agree,arrange,ask,decide,demand,plandesire,expect,hope,learn,manage,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,wish,prefer,happen,intend,fail等,不定式短语可以作宾语，以下动词后，跟不定式作宾语,tolookforajob.,totellanyoneaboutit.,Ifinditinterestingtoworkwithhim.如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。类似的动词还有(,(构成主语+V.+it+宾补+todosth.的形式),feel,think,consider,make,believe)等,注意,形式宾语与形式主语的区别是形式宾语无be动词,在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。,Eg.Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.,Heisoftenheard_thesong.,注意,allow,ask,advise,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,wouldlike,order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,(构成“V.+Sb.+todo”的形式),作宾补,tosing,1他要求我和他一起做这个工作2吉姆让我替他向这里的各位给予最好的祝愿,Heaskedme_withhim.,todothework,Jimtoldme_toeveryonehere,togivehisbestwishes,Consolidation,作表语,Myjobis_,Toseeis_.,1.我的工作是教英语。,2.眼见为实。,toteachEnglish.,tobelieve,作定语,Doyouhaveanything_?,1.你有什么要说的吗?,2.Betty是第一个知道这真相的人,Bettywasthefirst_,tosay,toknowthetruth,如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点/工具,不定式后面须有相应的介词WehaveseveralmodelbikestochoosefromHeislookingforaroomtoliveinPleasegivemeaknifetocutwithThereisnothingtoworryabout在timeplaceway后面的不定式常省介词Hehadnoplacetolive,注意,作状语,Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.Imtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.,目的状语.,原因状语.,结果状语,1他回家去取钥匙2我说了什么话使你不高兴?3赢了这场足球赛,我们感到自豪,Hewenthome_hiskey,WhathaveIsaid_youhappy?,Weareproud_thefootballmatch,toget,tomake,towin,目的状语.,原因状语.,结果状语,Consolidation,在be+形容词(gladhappypleasedanxiouswillingready等)词后保留to在lovelikemeanhopeadviseexpectwantpersuaderefusewishseem等动词后保留to在haveneedoughtbeablebegoingused等动词后保留to在asktelladvisepersuadewishpermitallowsbtodosth中保留to不定式的否定形式后保留to不定式的完成式后保留tohaveUsedtobe结构中的be不能省略,Step4,动词不定式保留to符号的情况归纳,Willyoujoinusinatalk?yesIllbegladtoWouldyoulikesomebananas?YesIdlovetoWeshoulddoeverythingthatweoughttoDonttouchanythingunlessyourteachertellsyouto-Didyouwanttogiveatalkonthissubject?-IprefernottoYououghttohavefinishedyourworkIknowIoughttohaveChinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe,Examples,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,动词不定式省略to的情况归纳,*1当动词不定式作宾语补足语时，如动词是make,let,have或lookat,see,watch,observe,hear,listento,feel等，不定式不带to.*2.在下列结构后hadbetter,wouldrather,wouldratherthan,cannotbut（不得不，必然，不能不）,canthelpbut=cantchoosebutdo等*3.whynot表建议*4.在介词but,except之后，如果其前有实义动词do的某种形式，不定式不带to,反之须带to.,Step5,*5不定式andorbutratherthan等表示并列关系的第二个to省略,表示相反关系的不省略第二个toIdliketogoandseeafilmTheydidnttellmewhethertogoonortostopDoyouwanttogoshoppingorwatchTV?Idecidedtowriteratherthanphone,Eg.1)Shecoulddonothingbutcry.2)Ihavenochoicebuttogo.3)WehadnothingtodobutwatchTV4)AllIcoulddowassendhimatelegram,注意,A.带疑问词的动词不定式在to前加疑问词。(不包括why/if),Mr.Linwillteachushowtousethecomputer.,Canyoutellmewheretogetthebook?,Idontknowwhattosay/whattowriteabout/howtodoit,无iftodowhytodo结构,BTherebe句型中不定式主动被动形式一样Thereisalotofworktodo=thereisalotofworktobedone,注意,C不定式主动被动形式不一样Haveyouanythingtowash?No,nothing,Iplantogoshopping不定式的执行者是youHaveyouanythingtobewashed?No,thankyou不定式的执行者不是you,注意,1.Robertissaid_abroad,butIdidntknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.(NMET99)tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.madeD.tomake,Practice,2.Heclaimed_inthesuppermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday.（上海98）beingbadlytreatedB.treatingbadlyC.tobetreatedbadlyD.tohavebeenbadlytreated.,3Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier_itmoredifficult.(MET99)A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake4Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_inmynewjob.(NMET2000)A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects,5.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.(MET1998),toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedC.havinginvented,6.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_tocarryallthewayhome.(MET2003),muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch,7.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.(NMET95),A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto,8.LittleJimshouldlove_tothetheatrethisevening.(MET97),tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking,9.Therearefivepairs_,butImatalosswhichtobuy.(1999上海高考),tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosing,10._lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(2001年北京春季高考),A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep,11.Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(2002年上海春季高考),settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled,12.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostrong