关系副词引导定语从句

Unit5-2TheAttributiveClause()关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句,（一）关系副词where引导的定语从句。where引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词。例：Chinaistheonlycountrywherewildpandascanbefound.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.,知识拓展：1.关系副词where引导的定语从句可以转换为“介词+which”引导的定语从句。例：Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.,Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasntclean.,ThehousewhereLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.,=ThehouseinwhichLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.,2.若定语从句的先行词是地点，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句，而不用where来引导。,Thelibrarythat/whichyouvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.,3.如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,stage,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。,例：IvecometothepointwhereIcantstandhim.,【典型例题】1.Itshelpfultoputchildreninasituation_theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where,D,2.Lifeislikealongrace_wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.where,D,3.IhavereachedapointinmylifeIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A.whichB.whereC.howD.why,B,4.TheywillflytoWashington,_theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when,A,when引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。例：ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.,（二）关系副词when引导的定语从句,知识拓展：1.关系副词when引导的定语从句也可以转换为“介词+which”引导的定语从句。Istillrememberthetimewhen(duringwhich)Ilivedinthecountryside.,2.若定语从句的先行词是时间，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用which或that引导定语从句。Illneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentoncampus.Illneverforgetthetimethat/whichwasspentwithyou.,1.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since,B,2.Wewentthroughaperiod_communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.A.whichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich,C,（三）关系副词why引导的定语从句。why引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名词，如：excuse;explanation;reason等。例：ThereasonwhyhedidntcometothepartyisthathedidntwanttoseeJane.,Wecantaccepttheexcusewhyyouwereabsent.Thisistheexplanationwhytheyputoffthemeeting.,知识拓展：1.关系副词why引导的定语从句可以转换为“for+which”引导的定语从句。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididntcomehere.,2.若定语从句的先行词是reason，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用which或that引导定语从句。Thereasonthat/whichshegavewasnottrue.,即学即用1)Thereason_hedidntcomewasthathewasill.2)Thereasonheexplainedisnottrue.,why,that/which,（四）判断关系代词与关系副词,方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要用关系代词；而不及物动词则要用关系副词,1.Thisisthemountainvillage_Ivisitedlastyear.2.Thisisthemountainvillage_Istayedlastyear.3.Thisisthemountainvillage_Istayedinlastyear.,that/which,where,that/which,方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。,1.Isthismuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone2.Isthisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone,解题思路：题干句如果是疑问句式，要将其转化为陈述句式。方法二中的第一个句子变为肯定句：Thismuseumis_youvisitedafewdaysago.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone,D,第二个句子变为肯定句：Thisisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone,A,归纳：关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。,（五）定语从句与其他从句的比较1.非限制性定语从句和单句/并列句的比较Hehastwosons.Bothof_areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons,andbothof_areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons;bothof_areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons,bothof_areteachers.（句）A.themB.whom,A,简单,A,A,并列,并列,B,定语从,分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句、简单句和并列句的一个关键。,2.as引导的非限制性定语从句与it引导的句子Theearthisround,and_isknowntoall._isknowntoall,theearthisround._isknowntoallthattheearthisround.A.(I)itB.A(a)s,A,B,A,3.定语从句和状语从句(1)Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanliftit.（从句）Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanlift.（从句）,状语,that,as,定语,分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。,(2)Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawerwherehecaneasilyfindit.（从句）Pleaseputtheletterwherehecaneasilyfindit.（从句）,定语,状语,总结：where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。,4.when引导的定语从句与强调句句型。ItwasOctober_wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）ItwasinOctober_wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）,when,that,定语从,强调,总结：强调句句型：Itis/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其它部分，去掉Itis/wasthat/who,句子照样成立。而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成分。,解题技巧：1.通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。2.题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。3.分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词4.注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and,but等。,即学即用：1)Yesterdaymyphysicsteachersetsuchadifficultexam