名词性从句优秀完整ppt课件

.,Welcometoourclass,Grammarandusage-NounClauses名词性从句,.,名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。,.,1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.Shewontbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,I名词性从句的种类,.,主语从句一般有三种结构：,1.主语从句+谓语,Thatshewillwinthematchiscertain.,2.It+be+形容词（名词词组、过去分词）+that从句,ItisimportantthatweteensshouldlearnEnglish.,Itisgoodnewsthathewillattendthemeetingonbehalfofourschool.,Itissaidthatourschoolwillholdasportsmeeting,3.It+seem(happen，appear等不及物动词)+that从句,ItseemsthatKatyisnotcomingtothisparty.,.,宾语从句的结构,主句+连接词(引导词)+宾语从句,在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句，宾语从句放在及物动词或介词之后作宾语。,Idontknowwhyheisalwayslateforschool.,Weallagreewithwhatyousaidatthemeeting.,宾语从句,.,表语从句表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用asif引导。其基本结构为:主语+系动词+that从句。1.be,look,remain,等系动词后均可跟表语从句：Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.2.asif也可引导表语从句。Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.,3.thereasonwhyisthat和Itisbecause等结构。,ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.,.,同位语从句同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主句中某些名词的后面，说明这些名词的含义。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：fact,news,promise,reason,idea,hope,word,belief等。Beijing,thecapitalofChina,ismyhometown.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.Wewerehappytohearthenewsthatwasannouncedbyourboss.,定语从句,同位语从句,同位语短语,.,1.(2008山东)_wasmostimportanttoherwasherfamily.A.itB.thisC.WhatD.as2.(2009北京，31）Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee_itgotanybetter.A.WhenB.howC.whyD.if3.(2006全国I,23）Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas_wedidthismorning.A.WhenB.whichC.whereD.what4.(2009浙江，12）Isthereanypossibility_youcouldpickmeupattheairport?-Noproblem.A.WhenB.thatC.whetherD.what,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,.,I.名词性从句的引导词：,连接词：that、if、whether,无意义,2.连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which,3.连接副词：when、where、why、how,“是否”,作主/宾/表,.,注意:区别if与whether,1.Idontknow_Illbefreetomorrow.2.Idontknow_ornotIllbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis_thisbookisworthwriting.,whether/if,whether,whether,.,5.Itdependson_wewillhaveenoughmoney.6._theycandoitmatterslittletous.7._youarenotfreetomorrow,Illgowithoutyou.,whether,Whether,If,.,请你归纳,a.主语从句并在句首b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.直接加动词不定式只能用whether（todo）gwhetherornot直接连用时不用if,只能使用whether的情况：,请你归纳,If表-是否-常用于动词后的宾语从句,.,1._the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That2._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where,高考题选萃,that表肯定意义whether表疑问,Thereisnodoubt_hewillwinthefirstplace.,that,.,that与what的区别,Whathesaidmakesmehappy.Thatanewteacherwillcomeistrue.,that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可省（动词后）。what既起连接作用,又在从句中作主语,宾语,表语(且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）,3,.,1._hesaidsomadeusangry._hesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry.2.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.（01全国）3.中国不再是过去的样子了。4.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.（04天津）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where,That,What,Chinaisnolonger_itusedtobe.,what,what,.,1.Thathewillsucceediscertain.2.Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3.Whathesaidisnottrue.4.Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5.Whoevercomesiswelcome.,SubjectClause,主语从句,请思考？,.,注意点,1).主语从句一律用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后.例:误:Whenwillhecomeisnotknown.,2).连接词that在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略.例:误:Hewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.,正:Whenhewillcomeisnotknown.,正:Thathewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.,除了动词后的宾从,.,3).whoever,whatever,whichever等词可以引导主语从句,但nomatterwho,nomatterwhat等不能.,Whoeverbreakstheschoolrulesmustbepunished.,试比较：Whoeverbreakstheschoolsrules,hemustbepunished.Nomatterwhobreakstheschoolrules,hemustbepunished.,让步状语从句,主语从句,.,1._wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._weneedismoretime.3._hastakenawaymybagisunknown.4._breaksthelawwillbepunished.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,Anyonewho,.,1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_isapity.2.他来不来不重要。_doesntmatter.,Itdoesntmatterwhether,Thathemadesuchamistake,Itisapitythat,考点：it作形式主语(主从),形式宾语（宾从）,it作形式主语,Whetherhewillcomeornot,.,Itisreported/thought/said/predictedthatItisclear/necessary/certainthatItisapity/ashame/anhonorthatItdoesntmatterwhetherItseems/appearsthatIthappensthat,Canyouunderstandthem?,.,1._hewantsisabook.2._hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis_wewonthegame.4.Thisis_wewanttoknow.5.Is_hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_hedidthatafternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,.,1)（2008浙江)_wanttostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.A).anyoneB).theoneC).whoeverD).who2)_hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(93)A).whatB).thatC).thefactD).thematter3)（2006浙江）_isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.A).AsB).ThatC).thisD).It,挑战高考,.,1.Iwondered_youweresoangry.2.Italldependson_theywillsupportus.3.Icantimagine_madehimactlikethat.4.Imdelighted_Ihavepassedtheexam.5.Ifinditnecessary_weshoulddothehomework.,用适当的连接词填空,why,whether,what,that,that,宾语从句,请思考？,.,二.宾语从句,1.宾语从句的引导词:宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词相同.,2.注意点,1)宾语从句一律用陈述句的语序.2)引导宾语从句的连词that也无实际意义,多数情况下可以省略.3)whether和if都可以引导宾语从句但:(1)当whether后紧跟ornot时,不用if例:Idontknow_Iwillstayornot.(2)介词后面的宾语从句不能用if例:Iworryabout_Ihurtherfeeling.,whether,whether,.,4)that在宾语从句中的省略与保留(1).在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略.例:Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.(2).由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,that不省略.例:Hetoldmethathewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.,.,it指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it+if或when从句,5）it作形式宾语,make/find/feel/consider/thinkit+adj/n+that/todo,Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.,.,1.Ivegottomakeclearthathetoldalie.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(2004)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one3.他发现很难使别人理解他.Hefound_.,it,itdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood,it,.,1)（2005山东，26)Theshopkeeperdidntwanttosellfor_hethoughtwasnotenough.A).whereB).HowC).whatD).which2)(2006全国I，16)-whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?-Theyalwaysletmedo_IthinkIshould.A).whenB).thatC).howD).what,挑战高考,.,Translation,问题是我们是否可以信任他。我建议买台大电脑。她看起来要哭了。,Thequestionis,Mysuggestionis,Helooked,表语从句,whetherwecanrelyonhim.,asifhewasgoingtocry.,thatwe(should)buyabigcomputer.,请思考？,.,2.注意点,1)表语从句一律用陈述句的语序.2)表语从句的引导词that无实际意义,但不能省略.3)表语从句只能用whether,而不能用if引导.4)不要使用Thereasonisbecausethat句型,应使用Thereasonisthat或This/it/that/isbecause等句型.例如:今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多.误:Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisbecausethattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.,正:Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisthattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.或:Hewaslatethismorning.Thatwasbecausetherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.,.,1.(2009江西，33）Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists_theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A).whatB).whichC).thoughD).that2.(2009辽宁，29）Doyouhaveanyidea_isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?A).thatB).whatC).asD).which,真题荟萃,.,同位语从句,1）Thefactthathewaskilledmadeussurprised.2）Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.3）Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.4）Canyoufindtheanswertothequestionwhatwaswrongwiththecomputer?5）Hemadeasuggestionthatwe(should)readsomeoriginalEnglishliteratureworks.,.,1.同位语从句的引导词:that,whether,how,when,where,why等引导。that引导的同位语从句前面的名词常见的有:idea,fact,news,belief,thought,doubt,suggestion;proof,message,order,conclusion,desire,theory,truth,word等.2.同位语从句和定语从句的区别:如果that作从句中的某一成分,则是定语从句,如果that不作从句中的任何成分,则是同位语从句.例:(1)Ihadnoideathatitwassolate.(主系表结构,that不作从句中的成分,同位语从句)(2)Istillremembertheplacethatwevisitedlastyear.(主谓宾结构,that作从句中的宾语,定语从句),.,同位语从句的简易判断方法：我们可以在名词和从句之间加be,使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。eg:Thebeliefthattheearthisflatisstillheldinsomecountries.,Thebeliefisthattheearthisflat.,.,1.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany.,判断：定语从句(AT),同位语从句(AP),2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportiscoming.,3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.,4.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.5.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain.,AP,AT,AP,AT,AP,.,注意问题:语序,1.Thephotographswillshowyou_（MET89）A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike,从句一定用陈述语序,.,1.(09四川8).Newscamefromtheschooloffice_XiaoLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where2.(09天津9).Itisobvioustothestudents_theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that3.(06上海)Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris_itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.A.howB.whyC.thatD.when,高考链接,同位语从句,主语从句,表语从句,.,4.(上海01年春季）Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoonA.whenB.howCwhetherD.why5.(2006江苏)Wehaventsettledthequestionof_itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroadAifBwhereCwhetherDthat6.(96NMET)_wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where,表语从句,宾语从句,主语从句,.,7.(2000NMET)_shecouldntunderstandwas_fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.that;whatB.what;whyC.what;becauseD.why;that8.(09湖南)Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodoittakestosaveherlife.A.whicheverB.howeverCwhateverD.whoever9.(09海南)CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A.whoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever,主语从句,宾语从句,宾语从句,.,10.(96NMET)_wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.what;whatB.what;thatC.that;thatD.that;what11.(07全国卷II)_mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.A.whatB.whyC.whereD.which12.(08天津卷）Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.A.whereB.howC.whenD.why,主语从句,主语从句,表语从句,.,考点,.,名词性从句在句中要用_语序,从句的引导词必须始终置于_,考点1语序问题,1.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.whatwillmanlooklikeB.whatmanwilllooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike,陈述,总结归纳：,2.Youcantimagine_whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited,句首,.,考点2时态问题,2.Ourphysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlight_（travel）fasterthansound.,travels,总结归纳：,3)主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态,1.Hesaidthathewillgotothestation.,3.TomsaysthatMary_(go)abroadlastyearand_(be)therefornearly5months.,1）主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态,2）主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等，从句谓语动词用一般现在时,went,hasbeen,would,.,考点3主谓一致问题,何时开会还没有决定。,Whenthemeetingwillbegin_(have)notbeendecidedyet.,他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。,Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurdered_(is/are)stillunknown.,单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_形式。,总结归纳：,单数,复数,has,Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgo_(have)stillunknown.,何时何地开会还没有决定。,Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin_(have)notbeendecidedyet.,have,has,单数,.,基本句型：Itis+形容词、名词、过去分词+that.+(should)doa.Itisimportant(necessary,natural,strange,advisableetc)+thatb.Itisapity(ashame,nowonderetc)+thatc.Itissuggested(ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insistedetc)+that,1.Itisorderedthathe_theexamination?A.takesB.hastotakeC.musttakeD.take2.Itisstrangethathe_youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold,考点4虚拟语气a)主语从句中的虚拟语气,总结归纳：,.,Wesuggestedthatthemeeting_A.shouldputoffB.beputoffC.wasputoffD.puttingoff,总结归纳：,表示建议、要求、命令,坚持等动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insistrequest、command、order后的从句谓语动词用_,注意suggest当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist表示“坚持认为”之意时，从句按需要来选择时态,(should)+do/bedone,Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe_(was/be/is)satisfiedwithourwork.,was,考点4虚拟语气b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气,.,a.IwishI_(know)theanswernow.,b.Iwishhe_(pass)theexamyesterday.,c.IwishI_(fly)tothemooninafewyears.,对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时,对过去虚拟时，用had过去分词,对将来虚拟时，用would(might等)动词原形,knew,hadpassed,wouldfly,总结归纳：,考点4虚拟语气b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气,.,在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即_,Hissuggestionthatyou_oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry2.Theordergivenbythecommanderwasthatthey_untilthecommanderallowedtheyto.A.stoppedB.didntstopC.stopD.notstop,考点4虚拟语气c)表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气,总结归纳：,(should)+do/bedone,.,1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.(09天津）Itisobvioustothestudentswhethertheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.4.Itdoesntmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.,it,It,that,whether,找出下列句子中的错误,总结归纳：,当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句_，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。it也可作形式宾语。,后置,考点5it作形式主语和形式宾语,.,1._isknowntousallthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.(福建2008)A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which2.Hedidntmake_clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.（07年天津卷）A.thisB.thatC.itD.these,Exercises,_isknowntousall,the2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.,.,what表什么（无选择范围）which表选择,哪一个（有选择范围）,1.-Doyouknow_MissZhusaddressis?-ShemayliveatNo.3orNo.4ofXianxingroad.Imnotsureof_.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_itwas?（01北京春季）,what,which,which,考点6连接词a)what/which,.,考点6连接词,总结归纳：,_等同类词既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而_等只能引导让步状语从句。,whatever,Nomatterwhat,_yougoand_youdo,Illberightherewaitingforyou.,wherever,whatever,Nomatterwhere,nomatterwhat,离开房间的任何人应该把灯关掉。_oughttoturnoffthelight.他所有的任何东西都被日本士兵站占领了。_wasseizedbytheJapanesesoldiers.,Whoeverleavestheroomlast,Whateverhehad,b)whatever/whoever/无论,不管however/whomever/whichever/,.,1.（09湖南）2Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodoittakestosaveherlife.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever2._,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.HoweverlateheisB.HoweverheislateC.NomatterhowlateheisD.Nomatterhowheislate3_wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.(浙江2008)A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who,Exercises,.,Thathewantstogothereisobvious.Iamsurethathewillcometomorrow.Thenewsthatourteamwonthematchinspiredus.Theresultisthatwewonthegame.,无,无,宾语从句中可省，其余不可省,是否,无,主语，宾语，表语,有,1）that与whether的区别,(),1.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt_acureforAIDSwillbefound.(05广东卷)2.Wedoubt_hewilldefeattheothers.3.Theproblemis_wehaveenoughtime.4.Itdoesntmatter_youcomeornot5.Italldependson_theskyisgoingtoclearup.A.ifB.thatC./D.whether,whether/if,whether,what,that,whether,whether,whether,2）whether和if的区别,That表确定whether表是否,1)主语从句/表语从句/同位语从句/介词后用whether2)Whetherornot连用,1._(What/That/whether)wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.（08山东卷）2._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.What;whatB.what;thatC.That;thatD.That;what3._madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.