名词性从句与定语从句的区别

名词从句与定语从句的主要区别,成分上的区别：名词从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么样的成分？,1.Howtheprisonerescapedremainsamystery.2.Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.3.Theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothetask.4.Hehadnoideawhetherwecouldovercomethepresentdifficultiesornot.,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,5.IshallneverforgettheyearswhenIlivedinthecountrysidewiththefarmers,whichhasagreateffectonmylife.6.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30pm.,bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome.7.IhadneverseensuchagoodfilmasIwatchedlastnight.,结论一：名词从句充当句子的主要成分；定语从句充当句子的修饰成分。,2.引导词含义上的区别：引导词是否指向句中的某个成分？,1.Thathecamebackmadeusveryhappy.2.Imsorry(that)Ivemadeamistake.3.Thefactisthathisbarkisworsethanhisbite.4.Wordcamethathewouldcometoseeusall.,5.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkisofgreatimportancetoscience.6.TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizesthathavenotbeenofferedtoanyChineseactororactressbyfar,7.Thedaysaregoneforeverwhenweusedforeignoil.8.Asweallknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.9.Thisisthevillagewheremyfatheroncelivedforseveralyears.10.1980,whenChinesegovernmentbeganitsreform,isanimportantyearforChina.,结论二：定语从句的引导词在语义上具有指代先行词的作用。名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。,3.关于that:that在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？,1.Hepretended(that)hedidntseeme.Thatshelosthernecklaceonthewayhomemadehersoworried.Itisnecessarythatweshouldlearnasecondlanguage.4.ItissaidthatheworkshardatEnglish.,问题：that作何成分？,Theschoolthatmysisterstudiesatisfarfromhere.Thefirstrequestthathemadewastoaskforfreedom.7.Isthisthehousethatyouhaveboughtyourself?,(which),(which),问题：that作何成分？,结论三：名词从句中的that只起引导词的作用，无任何意义。（宾语从句中可省略）定语从句中的that在从句中充当主语或宾语，有时可以与which互换。（充当宾语时可省略）,4.引导词的不同：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：,且when,where等不能与in/on/atwhich互换。,whether,if,what,how,as,5、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：1.Hehasdonewhathecantohelpme.-Hehasdone_hecantohelpme.WhatIwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.-_Iwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.,allthat,Allthat,3.Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished._breaksthelawistobepunished.4.Hewillgivethedictionarytowhoeverneedsitmost.Hewillgivethedictionaryto_needsitmost.5.Wellrememberwhomeverweturnedtoforhelp.Wellremember_weturnedtoforhelp.6.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.Theywilldo_hewantsthemtodo.7.Illreadwhicheverbookyougiveme.Illread_ofthebooks_yougiveme.,Anyonewho,anyonewho,Anyone(whom),anythingthat,any,that,6、其余问题：,1.误：Idontknowifhecomesbackthismonth.2.误：IhavenoideawhathadhappenedwhenIwasaway.,正：Idontknowifhewillcomebackthismonth.,正：IhavenoideawhathappenedwhenIwasaway.,3.误：