初一英语U5-6中考高频考点及易错点 教案

课程主题： 7BU5-6中考高频考点及易错点学习目标1.掌握7BU5-6中考高频考点；2.掌握易错点以及相应的解题方法。【知识梳理1】Fish sleep with their eyes open.（1） with their eyes open为固定结构，“_”，在句中作_，表示动作发生时伴随着的情况。（2）with 的其他用法举例with/with sb._ (介词with 表示“和/跟/同（一起）”)a girl with black hair _ （介词“with”表示“具有，带有”，反义词without ）take a pen with you _ （介词with 表示“在身上”)【答案】（1）with their eyes open为固定结构，“with+名词（短语）+形容词”，在句中作伴随状语，表示动作发生时伴随着的情况。（2）with 的其他用法举例with/with sb 和某人一起 (介词with 表示“和/跟/同（一起）”) a girl with black hair 一位黑发女孩 （介词“with”表示“具有，带有”，反义词without ） take a pen with you 随身带上钢笔 （介词with 表示“在身上”)【例题精讲】例1. Tom thinks with his eyes closed. 例2. He likes sleeping with all the windows open . 【课堂练习】1. In spring, it is good for you to sleep _ your windows open.A. for B. and C. with D. but【答案】C【解析】此处考查 的是“with+名词（短语）+形容词”的用法，所以选with。2. Is Jim at home by _? No, his little sister is with _.A. him; him B. him; himself C. himself; himself D. himself; him 【答案】D【解析】第一空考查的是反身代词，by oneself“独自，单独”；第二空考查介词后面跟人称的宾格。所以选D。 【知识梳理2】Our nose and ears never stop growing. （1）stop doing sth _ （2）stop to do sth _（3）stop sb from doing sth _【答案】 （1）stop doing sth “停止做某事”，指停止正在做的事情，停下来，不做了。（2）stop to do sth “停下来去做某事”，表示停下来的目的，停止一件事，来做另一件事。（3）stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事。【例题精讲】例1. We stopped talking. 例2. We stopped to talk. 例3. There is nothing to stop us from going on studying. 【课堂练习】Stop _, please. Its time for class.A. to talk B. talking C. talk D. talked【答案】B【解析】本题考查stop doing sth “停止做某事”，指停止正在做的事情。所以选B。【知识梳理3】Suddenly , they heard a whisper from the bushes behind the tree.（1）suddenly adv. 意为_，可在_或_作时间状语，但在句首时，通常要用逗号隔开。sudden adj. _（2）hear 听见， 听到（强调结果） listen to 听（强调动作）hear sb. doing sth. _ hear sb. do sth. _hear of sth. _ hear from sb. _ 【答案】（1）suddenly adv. 意为“突然”，可在句首或句中作时间状语，但在句首时，通常要用逗号隔开。sudden adj. 突然的，出乎意料的（2）hear 听见，听到（强调结果） listen to 听（强调动作）hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事hear of sth. 听说某事 hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 【例题精讲】例1. I never heard of the song. 例2. I hasnt heard from him for quite a long time.【课堂练习】1. Cindy, can you hear someone _(call) my name?【答案】calling【解析】本题考查hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事，题意是“你能听到有人正在叫我的名字吗？”，所以填calling。2. I _ the man, but I didnt see him.A. heard of B. met with C. talked to D. lived with【答案】A【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析，题意是“我听说过那个男人，但是没见过他”，所以选A。【知识梳理4】They left the park quickly. On their way home, they met Andy.on their way home 意为_，是固定搭配。on ones /the way 后接名词时，名词前要加_，构成on ones /the way to some place；后接副词（如home, here, there）时，_ 。拓展：way的常见短语by the way_in this way_ lose ones way_ 【答案】on their way home 意为“在他们回家的路上”，是固定搭配。on ones /the way 后接名词时，名词前要加介词to。构成on ones /the way to some place； 后接副词（如home, here, there）时，不加介词to。拓展：way的常见短语by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下in this way 以这种方式lose ones way 迷路【例题精讲】例. On his way to school, he helped an old man. 【课堂练习】 _ the way, you have to return the book before this Friday.A. On B. In C. By D. To【答案】C【解析】本题考查by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下。题意是“顺便说一下，这周五前你得还书。”，所以选C。【知识梳理5】The two girls were very afraid.afraid adj. _，只能作表语。（1）be afraid of 表示“害怕”，常用形式有两种：be afraid of sb./sth. _（2）be afraid to do sth. _ 【答案】afraid 形容词“害怕的”，只能作表语。（1）be afraid of 表示“害怕”，常用形式有两种：be afraid of sb./sth. 害怕某人或某物（2）be afraid to do sth. 不敢去做某事【例题精讲】例1. Are you afraid of dogs? 例2. Tom is afraid to ask teachers questions.【课堂练习】1. Will you come to the party next Sunday? _. I will visit my grandparents in my hometown.A. I think so B. Id like to C. Im afraid not D. Im afraid so【答案】C【解析】本题考查情景交际，Im afraid not .“恐怕不行”。由题意可知，“我得去看望爷爷奶奶”，所以选C。2. How _ I was when I saw Tom! I thought he was in Shanghai.A. strange B. interested C. surprised D. afraid【答案】C【解析】本题考查形容词词义辨析，由题意可知，“当我看到汤姆的时候特别惊讶，因为我以为他在上海”，所以选C。【知识梳理6】Now TVs can be as large as 152 inches. as large as._ as + 形容词或副词 + as . _，表示前后两者在某方面程度相同，中间要_。其否定式为not so/as .as.，表示_ 【答案】as large as 和一样大 as + 形容词或副词 + as 和一样，表示前后两者在某方面程度相同，中间要用形容词和副词的原级。其否定式为not so/as .as.,表示“不如/没有那样/那么”。【例题精讲】例1. This story is as interesting as that one.例2. Jack listens as carefully as Mike in class.例3. My bike is not as /so new as yours.例4. He didnt come so/as early as you.【课堂练习】The boy doesnt speak _ his sister, but his written work is very good.A. as well as B. so good as C. more better than D. more worse than【答案】A【解析】本题考查比较，not so/as .as.,表示“不如/没有那样/那么”，注意要用副词来修饰动词speak，所以选A。【知识梳理7】You complain too much.（1） too much _，用来修饰_。too much还可作名词性短语，在句中用作_； 也可作副词性短语，在句中用作_，修饰动词。比较much too 用法：much too_，用来修饰_。（2）complain 抱怨（不及物动词） complain to sb. _ complain about sth._【答案】（1）too much 太多，用来修饰不可数名词。too much还可作名词性短语，用作宾语； 也可作副词性短语，在句中用作状语，修饰动词。比较much too 用法：much too的中心词是too，用法与too相同，用来修饰形容词或副词原级。（2）complain 抱怨（不及物动词） complain to sb. 向某人抱怨 complain about sth. 抱怨某事【例题精讲】例1. She never complains to us about her hard life. 例2. The businessman has devoted too much to his work. 【课堂练习】1. Little Tom is _ fat. I agree. I think she should not eat _ meat.A. much too; too much B. much too; too many C. too much; too many D. too much; much too【答案】A【解析】第一空，much too fat“太胖”；第二空eat too much meat“吃太多肉”。2. The young man often complains about not _ (have) enough time for sleep.【答案】having【解析】题意是“年轻人常常抱怨睡眠不够。”，介词about后加doing。【知识梳理8】Then Alice noticed a small door and put the key into it. notice v. _ notice sb. do sth._(1) notice sb. doing sth._ 【答案】notice v. 觉察到，注意到(感官动词) notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人干了某事 notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在干某事 【例题精讲】例1. He noticed a bird singing in the tree.例2. I noticed him enter the office. 【课堂练习】Did you notice the thief _the office building?A. go B. go into C. going in D. to go into【答案】B【解析】本题考查notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人干了某事，题意是“你有注意到小偷进入办公大楼吗？”。【知识梳理9】We put up a tent near a lake.put up 动词短语，意为_，_，_。宾语是名词时，可放在put与up_，但宾语是代词时，一定要放在_。与put构成的相关短语有：put on _put out _put away _put off _ 【答案】put up 动词短语，意为挂起，举起，张贴。宾语是名词时，可放在put与up中间或后面，但宾语是代词时，一定要放在中间。2. put构成的短语有：put on 穿上put out 扑灭put away 收起来，藏好put off 推迟，延期【例题精讲】例1. “Put up your hands!”, the guards shouted.例2. Please put up these posters on the wall quickly.【课堂练习】1. Can you _ a tent by yourself? Sorry. Its a little difficult for me.A. put on B. put up C. put down D. put off【答案】B【解析】 本题考查put的相关短语，put up a tent“搭帐篷”。2. Look! Your room is in a mess. Can you _ your things? Sorry, Mum. I will.A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put off【答案】A【解析】 本题考查put的相关短语，put away your things“把你的东西收好”。【知识梳理10】Weifang, a city in Shangdong Province, has become famous for making kites from then on.famous adj. 著名的become famous for_be famous for sth/doing sth _be famous as ._ 【答案】famous adj. 著名的become famous for 因为而变得出名be famous for sth/doing sth 由于而出名be famous as 作为.而出名【例题精讲】例1. Beijing is famous for the Summer Palace.例2. She is famous as a good teacher. 【课堂练习】 Tu Youyou is famous _ a great scientist.A. for B. as C. of D. from 【答案】B【解析】本题考查be famous as 作为.而出名，注意介词的搭配。【知识梳理11】Remember to take your mobile phone. remember to do sth. _remember doing sth._【答案】remember to do sth. 记得去干某事(事情还没做) remember doing sth. 记得干过某事(事情已做)【例题精讲】例1. Tom! Remember to lock the door when you leave. 例2. I remember locking the door, but it is open now. 【课堂练习】 I remembered _ the book to the library yesterday.A. to return B. returning C. returned D. return【答案】B【解析】本题考查remember doing sth. 记得干过某事(事情已做)，题意是“我记得昨天已经把书还给博物馆了”。 【知识梳理12】一般过去时一、一般过去时的定义一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态；也可以表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。句型结构为：“主语+动词的过去式+其他”。二、一般过去时的基本用法（1）表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before , when clause, in the past连用。（2）表示在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作或存在状态。（3）表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用一般过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而是通过上下文来表示。批注：1. 表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。2. 注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不”。三、动词过去式的构成动词的过去式分为规则动词的过去式和不规则动词的过去式。规则动词过去式的构成见下表：构成法例词一般直接在动词后加-ed。playplayed offeroffered weighweighed signsigned在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。likeliked provideprovided hatehated datedated在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加-ed。supplysupplied studystudied hurryhurried在以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词后，直接加-edplayplayed staystayed destroydestroyed在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-edplanplanned referreferred regretregretted 批注:1. 不规则动词的过去式见课本上的不规则动词表；2. 动词过去式的不规则变化也有一定的规律可循：1）过去式与原形相同。如：put-put2) 将原形中的i变成a.如：begin-began3) 将重读开音节中的i改成o.如：drive-drove 4) 将原形中的e改成o.如：get-got5) 将原形中的o改成a.如：come-came 6) 将原形中的eep改成ept.如：keep-kept7) 将原形中的aw/ow/改成ew.如：draw-drew8) 将原形中的eak改成oke.如：break-broke 9) 将原形中的ell改成old.如：sell-sold10) 有两种形式的动词过去式。如：learn-learned/learnt11) 变为以ought或aught结尾的动词过去式。如：buy-bought12) 在动词原形后加-d或-t变成过去式。如：hear-heard【例题精讲】例1. I met Lin Tao this morning. 例2. I was there a moment ago. 例3. We often played together when we were children. 例4. I wrote to my parents once a week at college.【课堂练习】1. Where _ you _ lunch? At home. There was no school lunch.A. did; have B. are; having C. will; have D. do; have【答案】A【解析】由答句可知，语境是一般过去时态，所以选A。2. Look at the sign. Reading aloud is not allowed in the reading room. Oh, Im sorry, I _.A. dont notice B. didnt notice C. will notice D. am not noticing【答案】B【解析】根据题意，“我刚没注意到指示牌”，所以是一般过去时，所以选B。3. I _ him in the school the day before yesterday.A. am going to meet B. meet C. will meet D. met【答案】D【解析】由the day before yesterday可知本题的时态是一般过去时，所以选D。【知识梳理13】一般过去时的否定句和一般疑问句动词种类句型例句be 动词肯定句：主语+be动词的过去式(was, were)+其它I was very tired last night. The twins were in Dalian last year. 否定句：主语+be动词的过去式(was, were)+not+其它I wasnt busy the other day. They were not here just now. 一般疑问句:be动词的过去式(Was,Were)+主语+其它?Was your mother free this morning? Were you late for school this morning? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were否定回答：No, 主语+was/were notYes, she was. No, she wasnt.Yes, they were. No, they werent. 实义动词肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他She studied Russian two years ago.否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+其他Jim didnt go home yesterday. He didnt have classes this morning. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。Did he go there? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did否定回答：No, 主语+didnt Yes, he did. No, he didnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？What did Jim do yesterday?Who went home yesterday?【例题精讲】例1. The famous singer wasnt known to us ten years ago.例2. Did the project start from last year?【课堂练习】1. The new comer _ (know) how to make cakes and we helped her a lot.【答案】didnt know【解析】根据句意，“新来的人之前不知道怎么做蛋糕，我们帮了她很多”，一般过去时的否定。2. _ (be) she surprised when she heard the news?【答案】Was【解析】由heard可以推断出时态是一般过去时，be surprised“惊讶”，又因为主语是三单，所以填was。课堂检测一、单项填空。( ) 1. _sunny day it is! Lets go for a picnic. Good idea.A. What B. What a C. How D. How a( ) 2. The doctor _ the old man stop smoking and drinking.A. asked B. told C. wanted D. let( ) 3. Look! the little boy are _a dog.A. running away B. running out C. running down D. running after( ) 4. _wonderful Yang Lipings dance is!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 5. Jack, Who helped you _the mobile phone? Nobody! I _it all by myself.A. made; made B. to made; make C. make; make D. make; made( ) 6.Your sweater looks smart. Where _ you _it?A. do; get B. did; get C. will; get D. have; got( ) 7. _ you in Shanghai last month? No. I_.A. Are; arent B. Were; wasnt C. Were; werent D. Are; wasnt( ) 8. More and more students _too much homework and they are really tired of it.A. hear about B. learned about C. worried about D. complain about ( ) 9. Whos that man _ sunglasses? Hes Jack Ding. Ive just got an autograph from him.A. on B. for C. of D. with( ) 10. _ can you tell whether a foreigner is English or American? Maybe by the way he speaks.A. Why B. When C. Where D. How 【答案】1-5 BDDCD 6-10 BBDDD二、动词填空。1. What _ you _ (do) last weekend?2. Father _ (put)on his coat and then _ (go)out.3. Yesterday was Sunday. We _ (row)a boat on the lake.4. _ (be) the family on holiday in Haw aii last week?5. There _ (be) a dog and a cat here just now.6. Kitty practices _ (dance) for about three hours every week.7. The baby was always crying. What _ (happen)to him?8. The young man drove too fast and _ (hit)an old man.9. The girl _ (not have)the key, so she couldnt get into her house.10. We _ (stop)to listen carefully, but _ (hear)nothing.【答案】1. did, do 2. put, went 3. rowed 4. Were 5. was6. dancing 7. happened 8. hit 9. didnt have 10. stopped, heard三、句型转换 。 1.The bad news surprised everyone. (改写同义句)The bad news_ everyone _.2.Mozi used wood to make a bird.(改写同义句)Mozi _ a bird _ _ wood.3.Alice was too big to go through the door.(改写同义句)Alice was _ _ _ _ _ through the door.Alice was _ _ _ she couldnt go through the door.4.I will no longer be late for school.(改写同义句)I wont _ _ _ _ _ _.5.Alice didnt know what she could do.(改写同义句)Alice didnt know _ _ _.【答案】1.made, surprised 2.made, out of 3.not small enough to go/ too big that4.be late for school any more 5.what to do课后巩固一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. The bones in the back of the person never stop_ (grow)from birth. 2. The strange man turned around suddenly and _ (leave)the bush quickly.3. Somebody _ (run) away from the forest an hour ago. 4. It_ (take) him an hour to read this book yesterday5. I am tired, lets stop _ (have)a rest.6. This morning he went to school without _ (eat)breakfast as usual.7. He put on his coat and_ (go)out.8. My uncle _ (leave)for Beijing tomorrow.9. Mum tells me_ (not play) computer games too much.10. My cousin, Jack, often practices _ (speak) English in class.【答案】1. growing 2. left 3. ran 4. took 5. to have 6. eating 7. went 8. is leaving 9. not to play 10. speaking 二、单项选择( ) 1. He came to school this morning without _ his bike.A. ride B. riding C. rides D. rode( ) 2. He asked h