科技文献英文摘要写作

英文摘要写作,一、摘要：是报告、论文内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述。资料性文摘（informativeabstract）一般用来反映科技论文的目的、方法及主要结果与结论，在有限的字数内向读者提供尽可能多的定性或定量的信息，充分反映该研究的创新之处。指示性文摘（indicativeabstract）资料-指示性文摘,二、摘要的结构目的(objective)：主要说明本文主要目的、任务、要解决的问题、或研究所涉及的主题范围。方法(method(s)：说明作者的主要工作过程及使用的方法。结果(result(s)：指实验研究的结果、数据、观察结果、得到的效果性能、被确定的关系等。结论(conclusion(s)：指结果的分析、评价、应用、比较。是这些“结果”的价值、意义与用途，也可以是各种假设或建议。,Abstract:Objective:Theimmobilizationconditionsanditsapplicationinsynthesisofsalidrosidewerestudiedbyusingchitosanandsodiumalginateascarrierfortheimmobilizationof-glucosidase.Method:Theoptimalconditionsforimmobilizationwereobtainedthroughorthogonalexperimentsandthesynthesisconditionswereoptimizedwiththeconversionrateasanindex.,StudyonSynthesisofSalidrosideUsingImmobilization-glucosidase,Result:Thehighestrecoveryactivityofimmobilization-glucosidase(74.38%)wasobtainedwithchitosanconcentrationof1.5%,adsorptiontimeof9hours,cross-linkingtimeof12h,glutaraldehydeconcentrationof1.0%andadsorptiontemperatureof0.,Theresearchonsynthesisreactionconditionsalsoshowedthattheconversionrateofsalidrosidecouldreach71.9%atthepH5.8acetatebuffer/tert-butylalcohol(1:9)systemwhenreactiontimewas50hours,reactiontemperaturewas50,tyrosolconcentrationwas5g/Landsubstratemolarratio(Dglucose/tyrosol)was1:1.Conclusion:TheconversionrateofsalidrosidewasenhancedsothatthispavedthewayforIndustrial-scaleproduction,Bio-fermentationofmodiedavonoids,AbstractAbio-fermentationtechniquewasusedfortheinvivodiversicationofavonoidstructuresbasedonexpressioninEscherichiacoliofsixO-methyltransferases(OMTs)fromMenthaxpiperitaandoneO-glucosyltransferase(GT)eachfromArabidopsisthalianaandAlliumcepa.,Enzymeswereshowntoberegio-specicininvitroexperimentsandmodiedabroadrangeofavonoidsubstratesatvariouspositions.Usingtheavonolquercetinasamodelsubstrate,weshowthattheproductspectrumproducedwiththeinvivoapproachisidenticaltothatfoundinvitro.,Additionally,usingmixedculturesofE.coliexpressingdierentclassesofmodifyinggenes(OMTsandGTs),theproductionofpolymethylatedavonoidglucosideswasobserved.Thisreportdemonstratesthepotentialtoincreasethestructuraldiversityofplantsecondarymetabolitesusingamulti-enzyme,bio-fermentationapproach.,Lovastatininducesgrowthinhibitionandapoptosisinhumanmalignantgliomacells,Abstract:ThecompetitiveHMG-CoAreductaseinhibitorlovastatinhasbeenshowntosuppressgrowthandinducemorphologicalchangesinavarietyifnon-gliomatumorcelllines.ThisstudyassessestheeffectsofthisagentonthegrowthandsurvivalofthehumanmalignantgliomacelllinesA172andU87-MG.,Theresponsetothedrugwasinvestigatedusingacellproliferationassaywhichrevealedsignificantdose-dependentgrowthinhibition.Treatmentwithaslittleas100nMlovastatinoveraperiodof72hoursledtoDNAdegradationintonucleosome-sizedfragmentscharacteristicofapoptosis.OurdatasuggestthatHMG-CoAreductaseinhibitorssuchaslovastatinmeritfurtherinvestigationaspotentialtherapeuticagentsforthetreatmentofmalignantgliomas.,三、摘要的时态目的：一般现在时，一般过去时。方法：一般过去时结果：一般过去时结论：一般现在时背景：一般现在时，现在完成时。所用时态需与事情发生时间一致,四、动词的语态、语气及人称1语态：大多以强调的事物作主语,使用被动语态。2语气：摘要不使用疑问句和感叹句,宜平铺直叙,一般也不使用虚拟语气。3人称：避使用第一或第二人称。绝大多数英文摘要都使用第三人称。有时可见使用第一人称we.,五、常用句型1.目的,paperreportthesisworkpresentationdocument,Studysexploresdescribesreportsexplainsoutlinessummarizesdocumentsevaluatesdevelopsinvestigatesdiscussesfocusesonanalyzes,This,Theaim(purpose,goal.etc.)ofthisstudy(investigation,test,experiment,paper,etc.)istoThisstudyisdesigned(intended,undertaken,conducted,etc.)to,To,examineascertainexploreinvestigateteststudyanalyzeisolatecomparedetermineassessdescribedistinguishelucidateestablishestimateevaluateprovide,Thispaperdiscribestheisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalga.Theaimofthisarticleistostudytheisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalga.Theisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalgawasstudied.Tostudytheisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalga.,例句：研究了海藻（alga）多糖的分离纯化。,Tostudytheisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalgabyultrafiltration.,研究了利用超滤技术分离纯化海藻（alga）多糖。,Theisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalgabyultrafiltrationwasstudied.,Theultrafiltrationtechnologyforisolationandpurificationthepolysaccharidefromalgawasstudied.,Theultrafiltrationtechnologywasappliedtotheisolationandpurificationthepolysaccharidefromalga.,对海藻（alga）多糖的分离工艺进行了优化。,Tooptimizetheseparationprocessofpolysaccharidefromalga.,研究了海藻多糖的分析方法。Todevelop(establish)anovelmethodforanalysisofpolysaccharidefromalga.,2方法常用词sthwerecarryout(conductdevelopdesignperformundertakeoperate)using(byusing、by、through、with、utilizing、),上清用硫酸铵沉淀，得到的沉淀物溶解后用离子交换树脂进一步纯化。Thesupernatantwasprecipitatedusingammoniumsulfate,andtheprecipitateobtainedwasdissolved,andfurtherpurifiedbyion-exchangechromatography.,通过单因子和正交试验对提取条件进行了优化。Theextractionconditionswereoptimizedthroughsingle-factorandorthogonaltests.,分离得到的组分用红外色谱、高效液相、核磁共振进行了分析和鉴定。ThecomponentsisolatedwasanalyzedandcharacterizedbyIR,HPLC,andNMR.,3.结果Itwasfound(observed,noted,seen,recorded,etc.)that.许多时候直接表述结果。,在底物浓度为0.5g/mL,pH4.5,40下反应8h，产物的得率为70%。Theyieldwas70%withsubstrateconcentrationof0.5g/mL,atpH4.5,40for8h.,最佳提取条件为：提取时间6h，温度45，pH5。Theobtainedoptimalextractionconditionwasasfollows:time6h,temperature45,pH5。,4.结论theresult(experiment，findings,data,etc.)show(suggest,reveal,show,indicate,confoirm,demonstrate,etc.).thatitisconcludedthat.inconclusion.,摘要：目的：研究从酵母中提取多糖的工艺条件。方法：采用乙醇溶液提取，再用活性炭脱色和离子交换树脂纯化，最后用乙醇结晶，确定最佳工艺。结果：酵母用70%乙醇在70提取1.5h，随后再用1%活性炭在pH4.8和50下脱色,再用711和122阴阳离子树脂串进行离子交换层析,洗脱液用97%的乙醇结晶,其最后的得率可达11%,纯度在98%左右.结论：该工艺条件为酵母多糖分离的几个关键步骤的最佳条件,并且简化了整个工艺.,Abstract:PurposeToinvestigattheextractionprocessconditionsofpolysaccharidefromyeast.Methods:Yeastwasextractedbyethanolandthenextractwasdecolorizedbyactivivecarbonandpurifiededusingtheionexchangeresins.Theeluentwascrystalliz