高一英语必修一_unit1_Friendship_重点单词

Unit1Friendship,重点单词,1.addaddupadduptoaddtoaddAtoB观察思考1).Pleaseaddupthesenumbersandseehowmuchtheyaddupto.45+62+48=1552).Willyouaddmoresugartothecoffee?,合计，加起来总计达，总共有增添，增加给加上;往添加,3).Theflowersaddtothebeautyofourschool.Addupto一般不用于被动语态，addup如果是代词作宾语应该将其放在add和up之间。即学即用Hisreturninghomesafeandsound_herpleasure(使她倍感欢喜).Hiswholeschooleducation_onlyoneyear.Wehaveplantedflowersandgreentreesaroundthebuildings,which_thebeautyofthecity.addto.B.addup.C.addupto.D.areaddedtoThecostofthetriptoHongKong_$1000.A.addstoB.addsupC.addsuptoIfyou_4_3,youwillget7.,addsto,addedupto,add,to,(1)Hiswholeschooleducation_onlyoneyear.(2)Hisillness_thefamilystrouble.(3)Wehaveplantedflowersandgreentreesaroundthebuildings,which_thebeautyofthecity.addto.B.addup.C.addupto.D.areaddedto4).ThecostofthetriptoHongKong_$1000.addstoB.addsupC.addsupto5)Ifyou43,youwillget7.,addedto,addedupto,add,to,2.till/until直到notuntil直到才e.gIworkedtill/untilmidnight.Ididntleavetheofficeuntilmidnight.3.,(和延续性动词连用),(和瞬间性动词连用),calm,calmdown,quiet,still,silent,1).Theexcitedboyfinally_.2).Inclassyoucantalwayskeep_.3).Pleasebe_.Classbegins.4).Keep_.Thephotographerisready.5).Afterthestormtheseabecame_.6)Whenfacingdanger,oneshouldkeep_;7)Whentakenphotos,oneshouldkeep_;8)Whensomeoneelseisasleep,oneshouldkeep_;9)Inclass,oneshouldntkeep_abouttheteachersquestions.,calmeddown,silent,quiet,still,calm,calm,still,quiet,silent,4.getitrepairedgetsth.done请人做某事(非亲自动手)=havesth.done上周我去城里剪头发了.LastweekIwenttothetownto_.爸爸明天要去检查身体.TomorrowDaddywill_.,get/havemyhaircut.,have/gethimselfexamined,让某人一直做某事,让某人做某事,让某人一直做某事,让某人做某事,5.concernbeconcernedabout/forbeconcernedwithThesurveyisconcernedwithhonesty.Theparentsareconcernedaboutthehealthoftheirson.asfarassb.isconcerned=inonesopinion就某人而言,在某人看来AsfarasIamconcerned,thepriceofoilwillcontinuetoincrease.,挂念，关心与有关，涉及,归纳总结beconcernedwithsth.和有关beconcernedaboutsth.担心/关心某事即学即用Thisnovelwasconcerned_theSecondWorldWar,whilemostteenagersaremoreconcerned_theheroslovestory.A.with;aboutB.with;atC.for;aboutD.about;with,A,6.shouldhavedone本来应该做某事(而实际没做,含有责备的意味)shouldnothavedone本来不该做某事(而实际已做)1).Youarelate.You_.(早五分钟来）2).Helooksupset.I_.(本不该告诉他这个坏消息）,shouldhavecomefiveminutesearlier,shouldnthavetoldhimthebadnews,couldnothavedone一定没有做过某事他一定没有去过北京。HecouldnthavebeentoBeijing.你考砸了，你一定没有努力。Youfailedintheexam,youcouldnthaveworkedhard.区别下组词：couldhavedonemusthavedoneshould(not)havedone,1)Youmusthaveforgottentoturnoffthelightlastnight.Thelightisstillonnow.(过去)一定做过某事2)Shecouldhavestayedwithmysister.ButshedidnttellmeshestayedatNewYorkatthattime.（过去）本来能够做（但实际上没有做）3)Theyshouldnthaveleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.（过去）本来不应该做，但实际上做了。4）Youarelate.Youshouldhavecomehere5minutesago.（过去）本来应该做，但实际上没有做。,7.cheatn.欺骗，骗子，欺骗手段vt.定居;安静/平静下来settlein/into习惯于;适应settleon选定,决定settleup付清账单即学即用(1)Withalotofdifficultproblems_,themanagerfeltlikeacatonhotbricks.A.settledB.answeredC.tosettleD.toanswer(2)Thevoyagewascompleted,soJamesCookmadeuphismindtodowninLondon.A.settleB.writeC.setD.sit,C,A,12.sufferv.遭受；忍受；经历suffer作及物动词时，其后跟的宾语常是pain,loss,defeat,punishment,hardship等。在表示“患（某种疾病）”时要用sufferfrom。suffer作不及物动词，表“受到损失/损害”时，其主语一般是物。即学即用（1）Duringthewar,he_muchpain.A.issufferedB.sufferedC.wassufferedD.wassufferedfrom（2）Itistobe_thatyourhealthis_sinceyouvebeensittingbythedeskalldaylong.A.expecting;sufferingB.expected;sufferingC.expecting;sufferedD.expected;suffered,B,B,重点短语1.gothrough1)经历；经受；遭到togothroughtwostages经历两个阶段Thesecountrieshavegonethroughtoomanywars.这些国家饱经战火。2)完成；做完3)通过；批准ThelawhasgonethroughParliament.议会已经通过了这项法案。(Parliament)Theirplanswentthrough.他们的计划得到了批准。,1）Theylivedahappylifeaftergoingthroughsomanybadthings.2)Theywentthroughourluggageatthecustoms.3）Ialwaysstartthedaybygoingthroughmye-mails.4）Ihavegonethroughalltheenvelops.5）Howlongwillyougothroughthisbook?,经历，遭受,仔细检查，审查,浏览，翻阅,用完，用掉,看完，完成,go的相关短语goafter追赶goagainst违反，与不符goahead先走；开始做，着手干goby逝去；过去gooff离开；爆炸goon上场；继续；流逝goover检查,2.setdown1)放下，搁下,使坐下2)记下，记载，写下HowshallIsetmyselfdowninthehotelregister?在旅馆的登记簿上，我应如何写自己的身份呢？Illsetyou_onthecornerofyourstreet.A.downB.offC.upD.out3)让/叫下车set的相关短语setabout(doingsth.)着手（做某事）setout(todosth.)开始，着手（做某事）setaside留出；不顾,setback（把钟等）往回拨；推迟setfree释放；解放setoff动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸setout动身，出发；着手；安排，组织setup开办；建立；设立setanexample树立榜样setfireto.=set.onfire纵火烧即学即用（1）乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车。Passengersmaybeandpickeduponlyattheofficialstops.（2）由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了几个星期。Thebadweatherthebuildingprogrammebyseveralweeks.,setdown,setback,3.Onpurpose特意地，故意地我是特意来找你谈话的。Ihavecomeonpurposetotalktoyou.反义：byaccident/chancePurpose目的，意图。目的是for/withthepurposeofdoingsth她是为了报复才和他结婚的。Shemarriedhimforthepurposeofrevenge.,4.toomuch与muchtootoomuch+不可数名词表示“太多”,他喝得太多酒了。,Hedranktoomuchwine.,muchtoo+adj./adv.表示“实在太”他这几天实在太忙了。,Hehasbeenmuchtoobusythesedays.,5.Inorderto为了为了不迟到，他早早就出发了。Inordernottobelate,hestartedearly.可和soasto互换，但要注意：Inorderto可放在主句前或后,但soasto只能放在句中。Hestartedearlysoasnottobelate.,6.Dare,a.情态动词用法与can,will,shall等相同，一般现在时为dare,一般过去时为dared,b.实义动词有时态(dare,dared)的变化，也有人称的变化(dares),作情态动词，后接动词原形-Hedaresaythattotheteacher.,否定句,疑问句,Hedarenotsaythattotheteacher.,Darehesaythattotheteacher?,b.作实义动词时与to连用-Hedarestosaythattotheteacher.,否定句,疑问句,Hedoesntdaretosaythattotheteacher.,Doeshedaretosaythattotheteacher?,*在借助do(did,does)构成的否定句或疑问句中，理论上应该有to，实际上常省略toShedoesntdare(to)gooutaloneatnight.Doesshedare(to)gooutaloneatnight?,1.Iwonderhowhe_thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsay,D,7.happentodosth“碰巧”常与when连用,我在超市买东西的时候，碰巧见到了我的朋友。,IhappenedtomeetmyfriendwhenIwasdoingshoppinginthesupermarket.,父亲正要出去找她，碰巧她进来了。,Asfatherwasabouttogooutandsearchforher,shehappenedtocomein.,8.accordingto“根据”，“按照”,根据天气预报，今天会下雨。,Accordingtotheweatherreport,itwillraintoday.,请按老师的要求去做。(requirement),Pleasedoitaccordingtotheteachersrequirement.,根据情景编故事。(makeupastory),Makeupastoryaccordingtothesituation.,9.getalongwith在getalong后可以加副词，表示相处得如何。getalongwithsth.表示“_”的意思。有关get的短语：getabout/around（消息）传开get.across讲清楚；（使）被领会getawayfrom.离开；脱身get.back收回，找回get.down记下来；使悲伤，使沮丧getdownto认真做；开始着手做,某事进展/进行,同某人相处,getin到达；收割geton.上车/船/飞机等；继续进行；相处getover.克服；摆脱getridof.消灭，摆脱，除掉gettogether聚会，联欢即学即用（1）他与同学们相处得很好。Hehisclassmates.（2）你的英语学习进展得如何？areyouyourEnglishstudies?,getsalongverywellwith,How,gettingalongwith,10.joinin易混辨异join,joinin,takepartin,attend,participate（1）join表示“加入党派、组织、社团、俱乐部”等，如jointheParty/YouthLeague/army/club/organization入党/入团/参军/加入俱乐部/加入组织。（2）joinin表示“参加正在进行的活动”，如joininagame/discussion/conversation/walk参加游戏/讨论/谈话/散步。亦可说：joinsb.in(doing)sth.表示“加入某人一起做某事”。,参加，加入,（3）takepartin表示“参加会议、活动”，侧重说明主语参加并发挥一定作用，part前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词，如take(anactive)partinaparty/schoolactivities/physicallabour(积极)参加聚会/学校活动/体力劳动。（4）attend表示“出席或参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，上课，上学，听报告”，如attendameeting/asportsmeeting/aconcert/ashow/school/alecture参加会议/运动会/出席音乐会/出席展览会/上学/听演讲。（5）participate为正式用语，和介词in连用，表示积极地参与。,即学即用用join的相关短语填空（1）Theyareplayingbasketballontheplayground.Lets_.（2）Willyou_me_buyingapresentforher?,joinin,join,in,典型句式运用1.Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.她和家人躲藏了几乎25个月后被发现了。句中before意思是“_”,有时可以理解为“_”。在“It+be+时间段+before从句”中before意为“_”。在“It+be+否定形式+long+before从句”中before意为“_”。,在之前,还没等就,之后才,不久就,2.Itisbecause+句子.that从句是因为因为他迟到了，所以才失业了。Itisbecausehewaslatethathelosthisjob.=Thereasonwhyhelosthisjobisthathewaslate.Thereasonwhy.isthat.原因是.我们不信任他的原因是他经常撒谎。Thereasonwhywedonttrusthimisthatheoftenlies.,reason理由cause起因,3.ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatIdseenthenightfacetoface.Itis/wasthefirsttimethat这是谁是第一次做ItisthefirsttimethatIhavespokentoaforeigner.Itwasthefourthtimethathehadmadethesamemistakeinhishomework.这对夫妇告诉我们那是他们第二次游西湖。ThecoupletoldusitwasthesecondtimethattheyhadvisitedWestLake.,Itis/wasthe+序数词+timethatsbhas/haddonetime“次数”作先行词其后的定语从句用完成时态,4.Its(high/about)time(that)sb.didsth.time“时候,时间”其后的that从句常用一般过去时Itishightimethatwewenttoschool.现在是我们该去上学的时候了。Itisabouttimethattheygotdowntodoingtheirwork.是他们该开始认真干活的时候了。,重点难句,Addupyourscoreandseehowmanypointsyouget.and为并列连词，连接句子祈使句以动词开头，说话对象为第二人称Hurryupandyouwillcatchthebus.Hurryuporyouwillmissthebus.,and表示顺向关系，就能,or表示逆向关系，否则,Tellhim/herthathe/sheshouldhavestudied,你告诉他他本来应该学习，shouldhavedone过去应该做某事而实际上没有做，含有责备的意思Youshouldnthaveleftwithoutsayinggood-bye.shouldnthavedone过去不应该做某事而实际上做了，含有责备的意思。Youcouldhavepassedtheexambutyoujustwerelazy.IwouldhavegonetoyourpartybutIwasbusy.,本来可以做成某事，而实际上没有做,本来打算做某事，但实际上没有做,Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts?,like为介词=suchas,Youwantafriend,YouwantafriendYoucouldtelleverythingto,缺少宾语,afriend,whom,从句起到修饰作用，修饰前面的名词afriend.,形容词修饰名词作定语,定语从句,IwonderifitisbecauseIhaventbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatIhavegrownsocrazyabouteveryaboutnature.,Iwonderif/whether,我想知道是否,我想知道我们是否还能见面。,Iwonderif/whetherwecouldmeetagain.,状语从句,主句,IhavegrownsocrazyabouteveryaboutnaturebecauseIhaventbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolong.,我不知道这是不是因为我很久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。,Itisthat.,强调句结构：Itis+强调部分+that+剩余句子部分我昨天在街上遇见了TomImetTominthestreetyesterday.强调主语强调宾语强调地点状语强调时间状语,不能强调动词,ItwasIthatmetTominthestreetyesterday.,ItwasTomthatImetinthestreetyesterday.,ItwasinthestreetthatImetTomyesterday.,ItwasyesterdaythatImetTominthestreet.,归纳总结此句中的Its.that.是强调句型。(1)强调句型的基本结构_。用来强调_、_和_等成分。that只起_作用，_成分，但_省略。当被强调部分为sb.时可用who，也可用that，其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语的人称与数保持一致。,Itis/was+被强调的,成分+that/who+其他成分,主语,宾语,状语,连接,不作,不能,Playersbannedformatch-throwing,UKwinsgolds.EightwomensbadmintonplayersweredisqualifiedbythesportsgoverningbodyonWednesdayfortryingtoloseonpurpose,whilethehostsfinallyclaimedtheirfirstgoldmedals.,（2）特殊句式中的强调句型：如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示“到底、究竟”等语气时，就用如下结构：“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+该句的其余部分”，that，who后只能使用陈述语序。在强调“not.until”结构中由until所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It+is/was+notuntil+被强调部分+that+该句的其余部分”，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。,（3）要注意强调句型和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，要采用“还原法”。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整且在上下文中表达的意思合情合理，则是强调句，否则不是。（4）英语中常用助动词do,does或did强调谓语.Ididcomeyesterday.我昨天确实来了。,典例体验WhatJoefoundinthebathroom?乔在洗手间发现的是什么？inthetownhewasbroughtup.他是在镇上被养大的。quiterecentlytheyknewthesecretaboutJacksfailure.直到最近他们才知道杰克s失败了。,wasitthat,Itwas,that,Itwasnotuntil,that,即学即用（1）ItwehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeksIfoundwehadalotincommon.A.wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasntuntil;whenD.wasntuntil;that解析本题考查强调句。强调句的基本结构为：Itis/was+被强调部分+其他成分。句意为：我们在一起呆了几个星期后我才发现我们有许多共同之处。not.until.直到才。,D,（2）Ihavenothingtoconfess._youwantmetosay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat,A,考题回扣【例1】Thisisthefirsttimeweafilminthecinematogetherasafamily.(陕西高考)A.seeB.hadseenC.sawD.haveseen解析在This/Itisthefirst/second.timethat从句中，that从句谓语动词用现在完成时态。句意为：这是第一次我们全家人一起到电影院看电影。,D,【例2】Youcantborrowbooksfromtheschoollibrary_yougetyourstudentcard.（上海高考）A.beforeB.ifC.whileD.as解析句意为:在你得到学生证之前不能从学校图书馆借书。if是否，假如；while在同时；as当时候,均不合题意。课文原文Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwenty-fivemonths_theywerediscovered.,before,A,【例3】Shellneverforgetherstay_shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.(四川高考)A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when解析stay在此处的意义与aperiodofstaying相同，故用when引导定语从句，且when在从句中作时间状语。课文原文Icanwellrememberthattherewasatime_adeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.,when,D,【例4】Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee_itgotanybetter.（北京高考）A.whenB.howC.whyD.if解析if在此引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。课文原文Iwonder_itsbecauseIhaventbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthat.,D,if,【例5】Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,_inasmallapartmentnearBostonand_whattodoabouthisfuture.（湖南高考）A.living;wonderingB.lived;wonderingC.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered解析句意为：29岁时，大卫是一名工人，居住在波士顿附近的一座小公寓里，对于他的未来还一片茫然。根据句意及句式结构，live和wonder的逻辑主语都是Dave,所以要使用现在分词短语作定语。课文原文.Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtains_.,A,hangingbeforeverydustywindows,必修一暑假对应练习U1Friendship,一）把句子补充完整1.你把所有的数加起来就会知道Youwillknowthe_whenyou_allthenumbers.2.我们努力想让他平静下来，但他还是激动地大叫。Wetriedto_him_buthekept_excitedly.3.玛丽在医院里住了很长一段时间后，恢复了健康。Afteralongstay_Mary_.4.李鸣在这里定居后，和邻居们相处得很好。SinceLiMing_here,hehas_hisneighbours.,result,addup,calmdown,shouting,inhospital,recovered,settled,gotalongwellwith,5.如果你不想和我在一起，你就收拾东西走人。Ifyoudontwanttostaywithme,youcan_andgo.6.战争期间，我受了很多苦。我用日记记下自己的经历,以便老了以后能够记住。Duringthewar,I_alot.Iwrotemydiaryto_my_,soIwould_themwhenIwasold.二）填入所缺的词。1.Itwasquiteterrible.Ittookmesometimetoc_downmyself.2.Parentsarealwaysc_muchabouttheirchildren.3.Truefriendsalwayss_theirsadnessandhappinesswitheachother.,packup,remember,suffered,set,down,experiences,alm,oncerned,hare,4.Imterriblysorry.Ididntdoitonp_.5.Someanimalshibernateundersnow,becausethereismuchairinl_snow.6.A_tothelaw,t_arenotallowedtosmokeordrink.7.Theoldmanwentt_manywarsands_alotfromthem.8.Aftertheterriblehurricane,thewholehousewasdestroyede_.9.Ifyouhavesometrouble,youcango?totheteacherfora_.10.Byinternet,wecanc_withpeopleallovertheworld.11.Bynow,hehasformedtheh_ofdoingsomereadingbeforegoingtobed.12.Ther_hegaveforhisc_intheexamwassimple.,urpose,oose,ccording,eenagers,hrough,uffered,ntirely,dvice,ommunicate,abit,eason,heat,三）选择填空1.-Marysgotcrazyandhasbeensenttothementalhospital.Didyoutellherbossaboutthat?-Yes,butI_herhusbandfirst.A.shouldhavetoldB.shouldnthave