现代大学英语听力2Unit-7

Unit7People,Unit7People,Objectives:1Understanddescriptionsoffamouspersonalitiesandtheirachievements2Followdiscussionsofcauseandeffect,advantagesanddisadvantages3Makeinferences4Summarizemainideasandsupportingdetails,Task1,DidyouwatchTheWaroftheWorldsandTheTimeMachine?Doyouknowwhoistheauthor?,Task1,H.G.Wells:(1866-1946)HerbertGeorgeWells,Britishwriter.Heisthesonofanunsuccessfultradesman.Afterabasiceducationatalocalschool,Wellswasapprenticedasadrape布料商.Wellsdislikedtheworkandin1883becameapupil-teacheratMidhurstGrammarSchool.WhileatMidhurst,WellswonascholarshiptotheSchoolofScience.Wellswasdisappointingwiththeteachinghereceivedinthesecondyearandsoin1887heleftwithoutobtainingadegree.WellsspentthenextfewyearsteachingandwritingandIn1895Wellsestablishedhimselfasanovelistwithhissciencefictionstory,TheTimeMachine.Thiswasfollowedbytwomoresuccessfulnovels,TheIslandofDr.Moreau(1896)andTheWaroftheWorlds(1898).,5,赫伯特乔治威尔斯(HerbertGeorgeWells1866-1946)，英国著名小说家，尤以科幻小说创作闻名于世。毕业于英国皇家理学院，任教于伦敦大学，曾在赫胥黎的实验室工作，后转入新闻工作，从事科学和文学的研究，是英国费边社的成员和代表人物。1895年出版时间机器一举成名，随后又发表了莫洛博士岛、隐身人、星际战争、当睡着的人醒来时、不灭的火焰等多部科幻小说。他曾于1920年、1930年两次访问苏联，先后会晤过列宁和斯大林，撰写了基普斯、托诺-邦盖、波里先生和他的历史、勃列林先生看穿了他、恩惠、预测、世界史纲等大量关注现实，思考未来的作品。世界史纲是作者于1918年开始撰写的一部人类历史的百科全书，曾在世界范围内产生广泛影响。此书于1920年出版，后于19231930年间几次修订再版，内容写到第一次世界大战。此书最初由谢冰心等人翻译并介绍到我国。,Keys,1)Becausehewroteanastonishingnumberofbooks.2)Mankindwouldhavetocreateaworldstate.3)No.4)Citiesweredestroyedbybombsdroppedfromaeroplanes.5)Anytwoofthefollowing:TheWarintheAir,TheFirstMenintheMoon,TheTimeMachine,andTheInvisibleMan.6)EventsforecastinWellsbooksmightcometrue.,Task1,【原文】H.G.Wellswasbornin1866.Hisenergymusthavebeenenormous,forhewroteanastonishingnumberofbooks.Manyofthelateroneswereconcernedwithhisideathatmankindwouldhavetocreateaworldstate,ifitwasnottoendupbydestroyingitself.TherewerenovelslikeKipps,LoveandMr.LewishamandTheHistoryofMr.Polly.Thebestofthesearenowrecognizedasclassics.Butinaddition,thisincrediblemansomehowfoundthetimeandinspirationtowritethestoriesforecastingfutureeventsthatentitlehimtobeknownasthefatherofsciencefiction.WhenTheWarintheAirappearedin1908,howmanypeoplecouldhaveforeseenthatwithinthirtyyearsgreatcitiesweregoingtobedestroyedbybombsdroppedfromaeroplanes?TheFirstMenintheMoonwaspublishedin1901.Howmanyofthosewhoreaditrealizedthatmenreallyweregoingtowalkonthemoonwithintheirlifetime?AndwhataboutTheTimeMachineandTheInvisibleMan?ArewegoingtowakeuponemorningandfindthatheretooWellswasforecastingeventswhichweregoingtocometrue?,7,Canyoudescribethisartistwhoisatwork?Youcanchoosesomeactionverbsandadjectives.,Task2,Words:blister:Alocalswellingoftheskinthatcontainswateryfluidandiscausedbyburningorirritation水泡easel:Anuprightframefordisplayingorsupportingsomething,suchasanartistscanvas.画架flourish:Tobeinaperiodofhighestproductivity,excellence,orinfluence;Tomakebold,sweepingmovementsfray:quarrel;Towearaway(theedgesoffabric,forexample)byrubbingprominent:Projectingoutwardorupwardfromalineorsurface;突出的Widelyknowntousle:Todisarrangeorrumple,asofhair糟乱stride:Towalkwithlongstep.tilt:Tocausetoslope.checked:格子花纹的profile:Asideviewofanobject.,Task2,10,【原文】Ifyoucameintohisstudiointheeveningasthesunwassettingyoucouldseehim.Youwouldnoticehowthesoftlightcomingthroughthelongwindowsfellonhisleftprofileashestoodinfrontofhiseasel.Hewastall;hisshoulderswerenarrow;hisheadwaslargewithanabundanceofdark,tousledhair.Hesurveyedthecanvasinfrontofhimandhalf-closedhiseyes.Hischeekboneswerehighandprominent,andaccentuatedthelineofthejaw.Thisinturnsetoffhislongneck.Hesteppedback,takingalongstride,andremainedwithonefootinfrontoftheother.Heworesandalswithoutsocksandyoucouldseethatabigtoehaddevelopedablisterwherealeatherstrapcutacrossit.Hehadshort,strong,capablefingersandheusedhisbroad,flexiblethumbtosmoothsomeofthepaintonthestilllifehewasbusyfinishing.Thejeansheworewerefadedandfrayed;paintragshungfromeachpocket.Hisshirtwasacheckedoneofmanycolors,mainlypurple,blueandyellow.Itcontrastedpeculiarlywiththeephemeralcolorsonthecanvas.Hetiltedhisheadtooneside,smiled,walkedforwardandbroughthisbrushslowlytowardsthebottomofthecanvas,andwithaflourishsignedhisname.ephemeral短暂的，极短的，瞬息的；昙花一现的checked格子花纹的,Keys,A.1)b2)c3)c4)aB.1)tall;narrow;large;tousled2)surveyed;half-closed3)takingalongstride4)capable;flexible;stilllife5)faded;frayed6)tiltedhishead;smiled;walkedforward;withaflourish,约瑟夫特纳（JosephTurner）（17751851）是英国浪漫主义风景画家，著名的水彩画家和版画家，他的作品对后期的印象派绘画发展有相当大的影响。在18世纪历史画为主流的画坛上，他的作品并不受重视，但现代公认他是非常伟大的风景画家。,Task3,Self-portrait,13,约瑟夫玛罗德威廉透纳(JosephMallordWilliamTurner1775年4月23日-1851年12月19日)是英国最为著名，技艺最为精湛的艺术家之一，19世纪上半叶英国学院派画家的代表，在西方艺术史上无可置疑地位于最杰出的风景画家之列。1789年，他14岁时进入皇家艺术学院附中学习，第二年就被学院接受，开始他想学习建筑学，但被劝告继续学习绘画。1790年，他的水彩画作品被学院的夏季画展展出，1796年，他的油画作品海上渔夫被展出，以后他一生中几乎每年都有作品被学院展出。虽然他以油画出名，但他是英国最著名的水彩画家，被称为画光线的画家他最著名的油画被拖去解体的战舰无畏号一直在伦敦的英国国家美术馆展出。透纳喜欢描绘自然现象和自然灾害:火灾、沉船、阳光、风暴、大雨和雾霾，他为大海的能力所倾倒，他虽然也描绘人物，但也只是为了衬托不能为人们征服的大自然的崇高和狂野，是上帝能力的证明，所以在他的后期注重描画在水面的光线、天空和火焰，而逐渐放弃描画实物和细部，为印象派的理论开辟了道路。,Words:champion:Onethatwinsfirstplaceorfirstprizeinacompetition;supportincessant:ContinuingwithoutinterruptionKaleidoscope:万花筒secretive:Havingormarkedbyaninclinationtosecrecy;notopen,forthright,orfrankslovenly:Untidy,asindressorappearancesolitary:alone;Apersonwholivesalonebarber:理发师,Task3,15,【原文】JosephTurner(17751851)isoneofthetwogreatestEnglishlandscapepaintersofhisage.Heisespeciallynotedforhisimaginativewatercoloursandoilpaintings,whichoftenshowdramaticsunsetsandsunrises,doneinabrilliantkaleidoscopeofcolours.HispaintingBurningoftheHousesofParliamentappearsincolourinthePaintingarticle.Duringthe1830sand1840s,themethodheusedbecamemoreandmoreimpressionistic.HisworkinfluencedtheimpressionistmovementinFranceledbyClaudeMonetinthe1870s.Turnerisalsoknownforhislandscapedrawings,especiallythebookofdrawingscalledLiberStudiorum,whichheproducedbetween1807and1819.TurnerwasinfluencedatfirstbyRembrandtandlaterbyClaude.Hebegantousebrightcoloursinhispaintings,especiallytheredsandorangesforwhichheisknown,afterabout1820.SomeofhismostfamouspaintingsareChildeHaroldsPilgrimage,公子哈罗德的朝圣之旅UlyssesDeridingPolyphemus,尤利西斯嘲弄波吕斐摩斯BayofBaiae,andViewofOrvieto.奥尔维耶托贝亚湾，阿波罗与女先知（TheBayofBaiae,withApolloandtheSibyl）TurnerwasborninLondon,thesonofabarber.Hewassomethingofaboygenius,andexhibitedattheRoyalAcademyattheageof15.Hetraveledwidely,firstinEnglandandScotland,andafter1800inFrance,Italy,andGermany.Turnerdrewandpaintedwhereverhewent,workingincessantlyandproducinghundredsofpaintingsandthousandsofdrawings,manyofwhichhelefttothenation.DuringhislifetimeTurnerwassaidtobeamiser,andtowardstheendofhislife,hebecameslovenly,solitary,andsecretive.ManypeopledidnotlikehisworkuntilJohnRuskinchampionedhimin1843,butTurnerdiedwealthyandwasburiedinSt.PaulsCathedral,London.HelefthismoneytoacharityforpoorEnglishartists.,16,威廉透纳（williamTurner,1775-1851）被誉为英国绘画史上的天才人物。威廉透纳24岁被选为皇家美术协会候补院士，28岁成为正式院士，也是有史以来最年轻的院士。威廉透纳感觉敏锐，富于幻想，充满浪漫主义气质。威廉透纳平生的抱负就是画出足以同17世纪法国大师克劳德洛兰媲美的画。为了让自己的作品惊世骇俗、不同凡响，透纳在创作时，几乎把一切富于戏剧性和震撼人心的效果都融进画里，常常使人们为他敏妙的才华和不同凡响的笔意赞叹不已。从威廉透纳的作品中我们总是感受到大自然的崇高、壮丽和无比的威力，感受到创作满腔激情。透纳常常表现的是天光水色浑然一体，云、雾、水融会其中的景象。透纳用耀眼光线、灿烂的色彩、大胆奔放的用笔描绘出充满力量、速度和运动氛围感的绘画作品，在我们眼前展现了一个动荡不安、炫人眼目的世界。透纳的风景画绝不是忠实于对象的写生之作，而是带有强烈主观愿望、想象和戏剧性的夸张作品。透纳不是为画风景而创作，是为表达感情而创作。透纳的风景画简直就像中国的大写意作品。威廉透纳的油画、水彩画技巧纯熟精湛，他用笔挥洒，有流动感，善于用光，他笔下的景色常常沐浴在明亮的光线之中。透纳用光并不像伦勃朗，伦勃朗的光线是逐渐减弱最后融在阴影之中，而透纳的光却是逐步纯化，最后变为一片明亮的光辉。透纳对画面虚实的处理也别具一格，产生出动人的画面效果。威廉透纳去世前将三百幅油画、近二万幅水彩和素描赠送给了国家。透纳的主要作品有蒸汽和速度、议会大厦的火灾（1835年）、战舰归航（1819年）、威尼斯风景(1843年)、暴风雪（1842年）等。,Keys,A.1)F2)T3)F4)F5)F6)T7)F8)TB.1)dramaticsunsetsandsunrises2)1830s,1840s,impressionistic3)reds,oranges,1820,Task5,NobelPeacePrize:1964MartinLutherKingJr.1991AungSanSunKyi(缅甸女政治家)争取民主和人权的非暴力斗争1993NelsonMandela(南非黑人领袖)2000KimDae-Jung(韩国前总统)促成朝鲜与韩国两方领导人会面，增进朝鲜半岛与东亚和平2001KofiA.Annan(前联合国秘书长,加纳)为更有组织与和平的世界做出的努力2004WangariMaathai(肯尼亚)为可持续发展、民主与和平作出的贡献2009BarackObama其致力于加强国际世界外交和世界人民之间的合作所做的非凡努力,WangariMaathai-TreeWomanofKenyaFirstwomandoctorineasternandcentralAfricaShehasbeentheDeputyMinisteroftheMinistryofEnvironment,NaturalResourcesandWildlifeinKenyasince2003.GreenBeltMovementThegoaloftheGreenBeltMovementwastoreplacethetreesthathadbeencutdown.,Task5,Keys,ANobelPeacePrize;twelfth;firstPeaceonearthdependsonourabilitytosecureourlivingenvironment.GreenBeltMovementKenyan64TheUnitedStates;Kenya;earnadoctoratedegreeAnimalscienceEnvironment,naturalresourcesandwildlife,Task5,Keys,B1977;planttrees;alloverAfrica;thirtymillion;seeds;nurseries;communities;planting;takingcareofthetrees;survives;fuel.,Task5,Stagflation:Sluggisheconomicgrowthcoupledwithahighrateofinflationandunemployment经济停滞与通货膨胀,Task6,Keys,I.A.NorwayB.theUnitedStatesII.A.alackofbalance,inflation,recessionB.lowinterestratesReadilyobservableSerialize:(serialise)Towriteorpublishinserialform,Task7,Task7,CharlesDickens(18121870)wasanEnglishnovelist,generallyconsideredthegreatestoftheVictorianperiod.Hisworks:TheAdventuresofOliverTwistDavidCopperfieldLittleDorritATaleofTwoCitiesGreatExpectationsDombeyandSon,Keys:A.1)Itwasoriginallyreleasedinlocalnewspaperinserialform.2)Thetwoshort,littlesectionsareeasilydoable,andthenyougethookedonthestoryandwonderwhatshappeningnext.3)Throughmailandtwiceamonth.4)BecausethebookopensonChristmasEveandithasastrongmessageaboutfamily.5)5,600B.1)1860,London,insuspense2)adventures,loveandbetrayal,apoororphan3)anylikenessofeitherofthem,photographs,theirtombstones4)IndustrialRevolution,alteringdailylife5)profoundchange,fundamentalvalues,Task7,Task9,apprenticeshipn.学徒的身份cajolev.诱劝，