2020-2021学年高中英语 Module 2 A Job Worth Doing Section Ⅲ Grammar 复习动词时态（2）学案 外研版必修5

section grammar 复习动词时态(2)语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.this last experience had a profound effect on timoteo.2.he was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain.3.before he volunteered to direct the traffic，timoteo had had lots of jobs.1.句1用了一般过去时态，表示过去某个时刻发生的动作。2.句2用了过去进行时态，表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生的动作，谓语动词的构成为：was/weredoing。3.句3用了过去完成时态，表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”，谓语动词的构成为：haddone。一、一般过去时1表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用(如yesterday，last week，two years ago等)。long long ago，there was a war between birds and beasts.很久很久以前，鸟类和兽类发生过一场战争。the schoolboy fell off his bike yesterday.这个男生昨天从自行车上摔了下来。2表示过去一段时间内经常发生的或习惯性的动作。常与often，usually，sometimes等表示频度的词连用。when i was a teenager，i played table tennis almost every day.我十几岁时，几乎每天都打乒乓球。3在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，常用一般过去时代替过去将来时，表示过去将要发生的动作。we would not leave until the teacher came back.直到老师回来我们才离开。4表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。i didnt know you were here.how long have you been here?我不知道你在这里，你来了多久了？5一般过去时与现在完成时的区别一般过去时只表示动作发生在过去，与现在无关；而现在完成时的动作虽然发生在过去，但强调的是对现在造成的影响或结果。mr.smith lived in beijing for five years.史密斯先生曾经在北京住过五年。(现在不在北京住)mr.smith has lived in beijing for five years.史密斯先生已经在北京住了五年。(现在仍在北京，也可能刚刚离开)即时训练1单句语法填空pahlsson and her husband searched (search) the kitchen，checking every corner，but turned up nothing.the email she had looked forward to arrived (arrive) yesterday at last and she was very happy.why have they sent me this bill？i paid (pay) it several weeks ago.i often studied (study) late into the night when i was in senior three.where have you been? we expected(expect) you to come back much earlier.二、过去进行时1表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作，常同表示过去的时间状语从句以及at that time，at that moment，at this time yesterday，at ten oclock yesterday等连用。we were discussing the plan the whole morning yesterday.昨天整个上午我们都在讨论这个计划。2表示说话人对主语过去的行为表赞叹、厌恶等，常与always，constantly，continually等副词连用。the greens were always helping others when they lived here.格林一家住在这里时总是乐于助人。3表示位置转移的动词如go，come，start，stay，leave，return等的过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。she wanted to know when we were starting this task.她想知道我们什么时候开始这项任务。4过去进行时与一般过去时的区别一般过去时表示动作的完成，即动作发生过且已结束，着眼于结果；而过去进行时表示动作的未完成性、持续性，着眼于过程。he wrote a letter last night.昨晚他写了一封信。(暗指已写完)he was writing a letter at 9 oclock last night.昨晚9点他正在写信。(不一定写完)即时训练2单句语法填空he broke(break) a glass while he was cleaning(clean) up the table yesterday.while i was working(work) in the garden，my wife was cooking(cook) dinner.she was phoning(phone) someone，so i nodded to her and went away.the thief tried to break away from the policeman who was holding(hold) him but failed.shirley was making(make) a gift last night but i dont know whether she has finished it or not.三、过去完成时1表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即过去的过去。by the end of last month，we had finished all the work.截止到上月底，我们已经完成了所有的工作。2表示过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常与for，since等词连用。he told me that he had known her since he was a child.他告诉我他从小就认识她。3表示过去本打算实现而未实现的希望或计划。常用此结构的动词有hope，want，expect，think，mean，suppose，plan，intend等。they had wanted to help but couldnt get here in time.他们本来是要来帮忙的，但未能及时赶到。4在hardly.when.，no sooner.than.句式中hardly，no sooner所在句子用过去完成时，when和than所在的句子用一般过去时，表示“一就”。no sooner had he rushed out than the house fell down.他刚冲出去房子就塌了。5过去完成时与一般过去时的区别一般过去时侧重发生在过去的客观事实；而过去完成时强调动作发生在“过去的过去”，一定有一个表示过去的参照点。the class began at 8 oclock this morning.今天上午八点上课。(说明某一过去的事实)the class had begun when i came to school.我到校时已经上课了。(说明上课发生在我到校之前)即时训练3单句语法填空i had planned(plan) to go on a trip to beijing but i couldnt afford the time.the three of us travelled(travel) around europe for about a month last summer.by the time he was fourteen，the boy had established(establish) a small company of his own.it was the second time that i had seen(see) the same person in the store.he was unhappy when he sold(sell) the guitar.after all，he had had(have) it for a long time.单句语法填空1i felt very tired when i got home，and i went(go) straight to bed.2the doorbell was ringing(ring)，but when i got outdoors，it stopped.3the boy was so clever that he soon found the gift i had hidden(hide) in the drawer.4mrs.brown worked(work) in a high school for three years in the past，but now she works in a bank.5when i arrived at the company，the manager was going(go) away so we had only time for a few words.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1beg your pardon，but i dont quite catch what you said.dontdidnt 2he said that he is reading a novel at that moment.iswas3i hoped to be back last night，but i didnt catch the train.hoped前加had4i had visited the summer palace twice last year.去掉had5no sooner did he come into the room than it began to rain heavily.didhad6that was the first time that i visited his hometown，so i knew little about it.visited前加had7when i was a child，i often play football in the street.playplayed8due to the hard training they done before，their performances were very impressive.done前加had.完成句子1上周，一组国际学生访问了我们学校。last week，a group of international students visited our school.2在萨莉工作的第一天，她发现一个满是问题的班级在等着她。on the first day of her work，sally found that a class full of problems was waiting for her.3数年前，在我生日那天，我收到了一个朋友的一份礼物，这个朋友现在居住得很远。years ago，i received a gift from a friend on my birthday，who is now living far away.4礼物中他放置了一封信，信中告诉我说这个剪纸是他自己做的。with the gift，he included a letter，in which he told me that he had made the papercutting himself.5那是一个普通的日子，我正骑车去上学。it was an ordinary day，when i