2021版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 Cloning导学案 新人教版选修8

unit 2cloning阅读词汇1.twin n.双胞胎之一;孪生儿之一adj.成对的;成双的2.straightforward adj.简单的;直接的;坦率的3.carrier n.携带者;搬运工;运输工具4.arbitrary adj.任意的5.fate n.命运;天命6.medium n.(pl.media)媒介;手段;工具7.the media大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)8.conservative adj.保守的;守旧的9.constitution n.宪法;章程10.compulsory adj.必须做的;义务的;强迫的;强制的11.opera n.歌剧;歌剧团;歌剧院12.chorus n.合唱;合唱队13.loaf n.一条(面包)14.flour n.面粉15.claw n.爪;脚爪16.turkey n.火鸡17.feather n.羽毛识记词汇1.differ vi.不同;相异2.exact adj.精确的;准确的3.identical adj.同一的;一模一样的4.commercial adj.商业的;贸易的5.complicated adj.复杂的;难懂的6.undertake vt.着手;从事;承担7.breakthrough n.突破8.procedure n.程序;步骤;手续9.cast vt.扔;投;掷10.altogether adv.总共;完全地11.correction n.改正;纠正;修正12.object vi.反对;不赞成13.objection n.不赞成;反对;异议14.obtain vt.获得;赢得15.attain vt.获得;到达(水平、年龄、状况等)识记词汇16.forbid vt.禁止;不准17.accumulate vt.& vi.积累;聚积18.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于19.shortly adv.立刻;不久20.retire vi.退休;离开21.bother vt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰22.assumption n.假定;设想23.regulation n.规则;规章;法规24.popularity n.受人喜爱;流行25.strike vt.& vi. 打;撞击;罢工n.罢工26.adore vt.崇拜;爱慕;喜爱27.hatch vt.& vi.孵出;孵卵;孵化28.reasonable adj.合情理的;讲道理的;公道的29.resist vt.抵抗;对抗30.drawback n.缺点;不利条件31.merely adv.仅;只;不过32.decoration n.装饰33.unable adj.不能的;不会的34.initial adj.最初的;开始的35.impact n.撞击;冲击;巨大的影响36.moral adj.道德(上)的;伦理的37.vain adj.虚荣的;自负的;徒劳的拓展词汇1.differ vi.不同;相异different adj.不同的difference n.差异;不同2.identical adj.同一的;一模一样的identity n.身份;同一性;一致3.commercial adj.商业的;贸易的commerce n.商业;贸易4.complicated adj.复杂的;难懂的complicate vt.使复杂化complication n.复杂拓展词汇5.correction n.改正;纠正;修正correct adj.正确的 v.改正6.object vi.反对;不赞成objection n.不赞成;反对;异议7.accumulate vt.& vi.积累;聚积accumulation n.积累;增加8.retire vi.退休;离开retirement n.退休;引退9.assumption n.假定;设想assume vt.假定;设想10.regulation n.规则;规章;法规regulate vt.调节;管理11.popularity n.受人喜爱;流行popular adj.流行的;通俗的;受欢迎的12.resist vt.抵抗;对抗resistance n.抵抗;对抗resistant adj.有抵抗力的;抵制的13.decoration n.装饰;装修decorate v.装饰;装修14.reasonable adj.合情理的;讲道理的;公道的reason n.原因;道理短语记忆1.pay off 得到好结果;取得成功;偿清2.in vain白费力气;枉费心机3.in goodpoor condition状况很好坏;情况很好坏短语记忆4.in favour of赞成;支持5.cast down使失望;使沮丧6.(be) bound to (do).一定或注定(做)7.o ones heart使刻骨铭心8.from time to time不时;偶尔9.bring back to life使复生;使复活句型整理1.the advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die,but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优势是如果发生一种新的疾病,这些动物中的一些可能会死掉,但是另外一些却能存活下来,并将这种抵抗能力传给下一代。2.the fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.她看起来是在正常地成长着,这个事实很令人鼓舞。3.cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.克隆植物很简单而克隆动物非常复杂。重点语法revise the appositive (words,phrases and clauses)复习同位语(单词、短语和从句)1.differ vi.不同,相异归纳拓展differ with sb.on sth.和某人在某事上意见不同differ in.在方面不同differ from.与不同be different from.(in.)(在方面)与不同make a difference (to.)(对)有影响,起作用tell the difference between a and b区分a与b之间的差异单句填空the two plans differ in one major respect.rock music consists of many different (differ) styles.(2019年6月浙江,七选五)hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a difference(differ) in the world.2.undertake vt.着手,从事,进行;担任,承担,负责;答应,承诺归纳拓展undertake a taskresponsibility承担任务责任undertake to do sth.许诺做某事,同意做某事undertake for.为负责undertake that.保证完成句子现在我们必须尽快采取行动,你就告诉我们你能否承担这项任务吧。we must act as quickly as possible now.just tell us whether you can undertake the task or not.她保证在星期五之前完成这项工作。she undertook that she would finish the job by friday.他保证6个月内还钱。he undertook to pay the money back in six months. undertake sb.that.这一结构不正确,只可用undertake to dothat.。3.object vi.不赞成;反对n.物体;目标归纳拓展object to sb.sth.反对某人某事object to doing sth.反对做某事havetakemake an objection to (doing) sth.对(做)某事表示反对单句填空history is much more than the study of dusty old objects(object) and events long past.(2019年天津,阅读理解a)he objected to being treated(treat) like a child.mom never could understand our objections(object).(2017年11月浙江,读后续写)4.forbid vt.禁止;不准归纳拓展forbid sb.to do sth.=forbid sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事forbid (doing) sth.禁止(做)某事单句填空today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money,but at that time these amounts were forbidding (forbid) to most citizens.(2019全国,阅读理解c)he was forbidden to leave(leave) the base as a punishment.the new law forbids smoking(smoke) in offices. forbid 后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语,但可直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语,也可用 forbid sb.to do sth.形式,有类似用法的单词还有:allow,permit,advise 等。5.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于归纳拓展owe sth. to sb.把某事物归功于某人;应感激某人owe sb. sth.(=owe sth. to sb.)欠某人某物owing to.因为,由于(一般作状语)相当于on account ofas a result of完成句子he owes his good health to(他把身体健康归功于) plenty of exercise and a regular life.i owe it all to you that (把归功于)i won the first place in the english speech contest.(2019年6月浙江,应用文写作)the train was late owing to the bad weather(由于天气不好).6.strike vt.&vi.打;撞击;罢工;袭击;报时;划(火柴)n.罢工归纳拓展be struck bywith.被击中;被打动it strikesstruck sb.that.某人突然想起go on strike举行罢工(强调动作)be on strike在罢工(强调状态)完成句子当我走在路上的时候,突然有了一个好主意。a wonderful idea suddenly struck me when i was walking on the street.游客被旅游区的美景迷住了。 the visitors were struck by the beauty of the tourist area.7.resist vt.抗拒,抵制,对抗,忍住归纳拓展resist (doing) sth.抵制(干)某事cant couldnt resist doing sth.cant help doing sth.忍不住干某事resistance n.抗拒完成句子务必确保你要忍住不去回复你收到的每一条短信。make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive.他忍不住炫耀起了他的新车。he couldnt resist showing off his new car.1.pay off 得到好结果;取得成功(不及物动词短语);偿清(及物动词短语)归纳拓展pay for sth.付某物的钱;为某事物付出代价pay sb. money for sth.因某事而付某人钱pay back 偿还(欠款);报复pay a visit to拜访pay attention to注意pay the bill买单,付账款用pay的相关短语填空他们有借款、账单、抵押贷款需还清,还要为退休攒钱。they have loans,bills,a mortgage(抵押贷款) to pay off,retirement to save for.他酬谢了医生,并付了买药的钱。he paid the doctor and paid for his medicine,too.能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。that i can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.2.in vain白费力气;枉费心机归纳拓展in advance提前in debt负债in order井然有序in return作为回报in danger处于危险状态中in place在恰当的位置短语填空在徒劳驾驶了一段时间之后,妈妈突然想到了一个好主意。after driving in vain for some time, mom suddenly got a great idea.(2017年11月浙江,读后续写)在拜访他之前,我提前给他打了电话。before visiting him,i called him up in advance.1.the advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die,but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优势是如果发生一种新的疾病,这些动物中的一些可能会死掉,但是另外一些却能存活下来,并将这种抵抗能力传给下一代。the advantage is that.优势是,此处that引导的是表语从句。在这个表语从句中,if there is a new illness是条件状语从句,后面的some of these animals may die和 others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation是表语从句中的主句。归纳拓展the problem is that.问题是the chance is that.有可能there is no chance that.没有可能完成句子问题是世界各国的垃圾已堆积如山the problem is that countries around the world have growing mountains of rubbish.由于余下的比赛不太难,我们队在结束时有可能会名列前茅。the chance is that our team will finish at the top,as our remaining matches arent too difficult.他们赢得比赛是不可能的。there is no chance that they will win the match.2.the fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.她(多莉)看起来是在正常地成长着,这个事实很令人鼓舞。that she seemed to develop normally是同位语从句,说明the fact的具体内容。在英语中,说明某些名词内容的从句是同位语从句。归纳拓展that引导同位语从句,对被修饰词进行解释说明,that仅起连接的作用,无意义,但不能省略。常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词有:fact,news,word,hope,idea,doubt,thou