2021版高考英语大一轮复习 Unit 4 Earthquakes练习 新人教版必修1VIP

unit 4earthquakes.阅读aan earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters.it may cause great damage.so it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.fragile items,like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface,near the ground instead of placing them on cupboards higher up.never place them near your bed,sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down.when there is strong movement,these pieces will fall to the floor directly and not on you.there is a strong chance of short circuits (短路) and fire breakouts during an earthquake.make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.during an earthquake,lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged.do not go near objects that could directly fall on you.never use the elevator to go down.stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.use the staircases at all times.if you are outdoors,do not take shelter under a tree,streetlights,electric poles or tall buildings.if you are driving,stop your car and stay in a safe place.do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.if trapped in debris (瓦砾堆),cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can find you.use a whistle (哨子) if one is available.never shout for help.shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust.do not light a match because you may burn yourself.do not move about or kick up dust.1.which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “fragile” in paragraph 2?a.easily found.b.easily broken.c.expensive.d.heavy.2.where should the items made of glass be put to reduce the injury from the earthquake?a.on cupboards. b.on a lower surface.c.in the bedroom.d.where children cant reach them.3.what are people advised to do during the earthquake?a.go out of the building at once.b.drive to a safe place quickly.c.take shelter under a tree. d.turn off electricity and gas immediately.语篇解读:地震是最常见的自然灾害之一,常造成巨大的损失。本文就如何在地震中保护自己以及家人提出了几条建议。答案及剖析:1.b词义猜测题。 根据画线词后的内容like those made of glass are easily broken可知,画线词的意思是:易碎的,故选b项。2.b细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface,可知应该把那些易碎的玻璃制品放置在接近地面的低处,故选b项。3.d细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知,当地震发生时,要设法立即切断电源和天然气,故选d项。b(2019双语报)from the nations earliest days,farming has played a very important role in american economy and culture.early in the nations life,farmers were seen as typical examples of economic qualities such as hard-working,honest,kind-hearted and independent.american farmers think a number of factors lead to the success of their agriculture:the american midwest has some of the richest soil in the world.rainfall is enough over most areas of the country;even in some areas where there is not enough rainfall,the rivers and underground water can also support the farming. besides, large capital investments(资本投入) and highly trained farmers have also been used to develop american agriculture.the first two decades of the 20th century turned out to be the golden age of american agriculture.farm prices were high as the demand(需求)for goods increased and land values rose.with the development of technology,the food production continued to increase.the good years of the early 20th century ended with falling prices following world war .at the end of world war ,the farm economy faced the challenge of overproduction.during that time,because of progress in technology,some advanced machines and chemicals related to farming were widely used,and that meant production per hectare(公顷) was higher than ever.today,we see a different set of farms trying to meet consumers demands all over the world.we can see a lot of changes on american agriculture over time.in 1940,there were 6 million farms averaging 67 hectares each.by the late 1990s,there were only about 2.2 million farms averaging 190 hectares in size.during the same period,farm employment decreased greatlyfrom 12.5 million in 1930 to 1.2 million in the 1990s.while production has doubled over the last 50 years,the number of farms has dropped by more than two-thirds.today,about 150,000 american farmers produce most of our food.4.what did people think of farmers in americas early days?a.people thought very highly of them.b.people didnt like some of their lifestyles.c.they didnt get enough attention from the society.d.they were important for the development of technology.5.what does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?a.why american agriculture is successful. b.the social support for american agriculture.c.how american farmers develop their agriculture.d.the natural environment for american agriculture.6.how does the author mainly develop paragraph 3?a.by giving examples. b.by giving descriptions.c.by following the order of time.d.by following the order of importance.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国农业的历史及发展状况。答案及剖析:4.a推理判断题。根据第一段中的farmers were seen as typical examples of economic qualities such as hard-working,honest,kind-hearted and independent.可知,在美国历史上,人们对农民的评价很高。5.a段落大意题。通读第二段内容可知,本段主要讲述了美国农业之所以取得成功是有很多方面的原因的,并列举了一些原因。6.c篇章结构题。根据第三段中的the first two decades of the 20th century、world war、at the end of world war 和today 等信息点可知,第三段是按时间顺序展开的。.语法填空in todays world of mobile payment,all we really need 1.(survive) is a smartphone.but one company is hoping to make traditional wallets cool again,by 2.(bring) them into the digital age.armenian firm voltermans smart wallet takes security to a new level.its fitted with different technology,such as 3. alarm,a gps tracker,and even a camera.if your smartphone and wallet become separate,the alarm will warn you 4. you dont leave it behind.and if your wallet 5. (lose) or stolen,the gps tracker can help you reach it.even 6.(interesting)is the front-facing camera.“if someone dares to open your wallet 7. permission,a little camera inside 8.(take) a picture and send it to your mobile phone.you will find it 9.(easy)by receiving a picture of the thief,”azat tovmasyan,voltermans founder,told news site banks.am.the high-tech wallet will be released later this year and will come in three 10.(model),with the cheapest expected to cost $179.答案及剖析:1.to survive考查非谓语动词。不定式作目的状语。该句意为:在当今的移动支付世界,我们生存真正需要的是一部智能手机。2.bringing考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词by 可知,空处作该介词的宾语,故用动词-ing形式。3.an考查冠词。根据该句中的“a gps tracker,and even a camera”并结合语境可知,该处泛指“一个警报器”,且alarm 的发音以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。4.so考查连词。句意:如果你的智能手机和钱包分开了,警报器会提醒你,这样你就不会忘记它。根据空处前后的句意可知,空处前后表示因果关系,故用so 引导该结果状语从句。5.is lost考查动词的时态和语态。句意:如果你的钱包丢失或被盗,gps 跟踪器可以帮助你找到它。if 引导的条件状语从句中可用一般现在时表示将来,故空处用一般现在时;根据语境可知,空处表示丢失的状态,故用is lost。6.more interesting考查形容词的比较级。上文介绍了如果你的钱包丢失或被盗,gps跟踪器可以帮助你找到的情况,结合该句中的“even”可知,此处表示“更令人感兴趣的是前置摄像头”。故该处用形容词的比较级。7.without考查介词。根据语境可知,如果有人胆敢在未经允许的情况下打开你的钱包,里面的一个小相机就会拍下照片并发送到你的智能手机上。without permission 意为“未经允许”,为固定用法。8.will take考查时态。分析句子结构可知,该句为主从复合句,从句为if 引导的条件状语从句,使用了一般现在时,故主句用一般将来时。9.easily考查副词。空处修饰