定语从句语法讲解课件

诊断定语从句方锦安,1.他是一个学生。他学习很努力。2.他是一个学生，并且他学习很努力。3.他是一个学习很努力的学生。4.他有两个儿子，都是老师。Hehastwosons,_areteachers.A.A.bothofthemB.bothofwhom5.他成功了，这对其他人是一个鼓舞。Hesucceeded,and_wasabiginsparationforothers.Hesucceeded,_wasabiginsparationforothers.,who,B,it,which,Heisastudent.Hestudieshard.,Heisastudent,andhestudieshard.,Heisastudent_studieshard.,定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的句子.,Heisastudentwhostudieshard.,astudent,whostudieshard.,关系词的作用：1）连接主从句2）指代先行词3）在从句中作成分,先行词,定语从句,关系词,先行词：被修饰词,_套主谓结构,两,使用定语从句的几个误区（一）,在从句中误加与关系代词同义的人称代词，这是不对的。,eg:我们昨晚看的电影很精彩。,Thefilmwesawitlastnightwaswonderful.,正：Thefilmwesawlastnightwaswonderful.,改正,Whosthemanyoujusttalkedtohim?Thebookyoulentitmeyesterdaywasveryinteresting.Heisthemanwhosehiswifediedlastyear.,Whosthemanyoujusttalkedto?,Thebookyoulentmeyesterdaywasveryinteresting.,Heisthemanwhosewifediedlastyear.,使用定语从句的几个误区（二）,在使用定语从句时，有个经常犯的错误就是分不清是定语从句的句子成分。请看下面的题目：,Isthisroom_helivedinlastyear?Isthistheroom_helivedinlastyear?A.that,thatB.theone,theoneC.that,theoneD.theone,that,D,使用定语从句的几个误区（三）,有的同学一看到先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词，就认为一定要用关系副词，其实也不一定。在此情况下，还要看关系词在定语从句中是用作什么成分，若是用作状语，则用关系副词，若不是用作状语(如用作主语、宾语等)则不能用关系副词，而用关系代词。,Thisisthefactory_Iwanttowork.这就是我想工作的工厂。Thisisthefactory_Iwanttovisit.这就是我想参观的工厂。Thereason_hecantcomeisthatheisill.他没来的是因为他病了。Thereason_heputforthisveryimportant.他提出的理由很重要。,where,that,why,that,使用定语从句的几个误区（四）,1.误认为关系代词whose只用于修饰人,whose用作疑问代词时，主要用于指人；但用作关系代词时，它既可指人也可指物。,Thefactory,whoseworkersareallwomen,isclosedduringtheholidays.这家工厂工人都是妇女，在假期中工厂关门了。,whose既可指人也可指物，指物时whose+词=ofwhich+the+名词/the+名词+ofwhich.,Theplasticbottle，/iscutoff，canbeusedasacontainertogrowplantsin.,whosetop,ofwhichthetop,thetopofwhich,2.混淆定语从句与并列句,(1)Hehastwochildren,andbothof_areabroad.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who(2)Hehastwochildren,bothof_areabroad.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who,A,C,3.误认为逗号后一定是非限制性定语从句,(1)IfabookisinEnglish,_meansslowprogressforyou.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that(2)WhenIsaytwohours,_includestimeforeating.A.thisB.whichC.whatD.that,D,D,使用定语从句的几个误区（四）,4.名词/代词/数词+ofwhich/whom.与独主结构的区别。,Theboysdiscoveredmanypicturesonthewallsofthecave，_15，000yearsago.,mostofwhichdatedbackto,mostofthemdatingbackto,定语从句,独主结构,“介词+关系代词”的选择,1.根据与定语从句中动词的搭配来确定介词。,Wateristhenaturalmedium_fishlive.水是鱼类赖以生存的自然环境。,inwhich,注意搭配livein,Thisisasubject_wemightargueforalongwhile.这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题。,aboutwhich,注意搭配argueabout,2.根据与定语从句中形容词的搭配来确定介词。,Physicsisthesubjectinourschool_everystudentisinterested.物理是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。,inwhich,注意搭配beinterestedin,Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks_Iamnotveryfamiliar.他我要去参考一些我不熟悉的参考书。,withwhich,注意搭配befamiliarwith,3.根据与先行词的搭配来确定介词。,Thisisourclassroom,_thereisateachersdesk.这是我们的教室，前面有老师的讲台。,inthefrontofwhich,注意搭配inthefrontofourclassroom,Illneverforgettheday_shesaidgoodbyetome.我永远不会忘记她与我们告别的那一天。,onwhich,注意搭配ontheday,4.根据句意来确定介词的使用。,Thisisthebook_Igotthestory.这就是那本书，从中我读到这个故事。,fromwhich,由于句意含有“从”的意思，所以用介词from,ThisIdidatnineoclock,_Isatreadingthepaper.九点钟时我做这事，之后我坐着看报。,afterwhich,由于句意含有“在之后”的意思，所以用介词after,Myglasses,_whichIwaslikeablindman，felltothegroundandbroken.Heisapersonwithgreatexperience,_whomwecanlearnmuch.Ifoundaknife_whichIcutthecake.,without,from,with,1.(09全国II)Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,_wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it2.(2009安徽卷)Manychildren，parentsareawayworkinginbigcities，aretakengoodcareofinthevillageAtheirBwhoseCofthemDwithwhom3.(2009北京卷)Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob_youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.whereB.WhichC.WhenD.that,A,B,A,4.(09辽宁卷)Theyvewontheirlastthreematches,_Ifindabitsurprisingactually._A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which5.(09全国I)Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.themB.whoC.whomD.these6.(09全国II)Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,_wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it,D,C,A,在下列定语从句中，填入适当的介词。,1.Thepencil_whichhewrotewasbroken.2.Hebuiltatelescope_whichhecouldstudytheskies.3.Thewoman,_whomIlearnedthenews,isanurse.4.Thewolf_whichthesheepwaskilledwasshot.5.Shehasthreechildren,all_whomareatschool.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,_whichstandsourteacher.7.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntaperson_whomshecouldturnforhelp.8.Iwassurprisedattheway_whichhetreatedtheoldman.9.Theage_whichchildrencangotoschoolisseven.10.Heboughtabookyesterday,theauthor_whichisateacher.,with,through,from,by,of,under,to,in,at,of,Quiz,完成句子：1Thisisthebestbook_（我一直寻找的）allthisyear.(look)October1,1949istheday_(我们不会忘记的一天)（forget）Isthismuseum_(他们参观的博物馆)lastmonth?（visit）Canyoulendmethenovel_（你说到）theotherday?（talk）Theastronautdidmanyexperimentsinthespaceship,_(我们认为这对。很有帮助)forknowingspace.(help)Thisisthestudent