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定语从句,RelativeClause,杨超华南师范大学附属中学,辨识定语从句,1.Thelittleproblems_wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.(2017北京高考)2.Myeldestson,_worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.(2017天津高考)3.ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartment_Ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.(2017天津高考)4.ItwasalongtheMississippiRiver_MarkTwainspentmostofhischildhood.(2008天津高考)5.Everyoneisshockedbythenews_theairplanecrashedintoabridge.6.Theplace_thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.(2005江苏高考),that/which,whose,that,that,that,where,where,定语从句,定语从句,强调句,强调句,同位语从句,表语从句,定语从句,RelativeClause,RelativeClauseisaclauseinasentencethatcannotexistindependently,beginswitharelativepronoun,anddescribesanounthatcomesbeforeit.定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。,翻译(语义)、分析(语法结构)下列定语从句,1.Hewholaughslastthinksslowest!2.Weliveinasocietywherepizzagetstoyourhousebeforethepolice.3.YoumaynotbetheonlyreasonwhyIsmile,butyouaredefinitelymyfavoriteone.4.Hewhoknowsnothingisclosertothetruththanhewhosemindisfilledwitherrors.5.Therearemomentsinlifewhenyoumisssomeonesomuchthatyoujustwanttopickthemfromyourdreamsandhugthemforreal!6.Abankisaplacethatwilllendyoumoney,ifyoucanprovethatyoudontneedit.7.Abargainissomethingyoudontneedatapriceyoucantresist.,用法?结构?,修饰名词的小句子,先行词+关系词+小句,RelativeClause:summary,1.Wellreachthesalestargetsinamonth_wesetatthebeginningoftheyear.(2014重庆)2.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland_wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.(2013山东)3.Hewrotealetter_heexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.(2013江西)4.Theexactyear_AnglelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.(2014安徽),that/which,that/which,where,that/which,找准先行词:读懂句子意思、分析主从结构,Theearthistheonlyplanet_peoplecansurvive.Theearthistheonlyplanet_peoplecanseefromthemoon.,where,that,先定大类(代入)、再辨细节,5.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities_theycangainexperienceforgrowth.(2014福建)6.Acompany_profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.(2014山东),where,whose,先行词+小句=语义、语法完整的话,HFistheplace_wewillliveandstudyforthreeyears.HF,_buildingsareshabby,enjoyagoodacademicreputationinGDprovince.Finally,IaminHF_Ihavedreamedofentering.1.找先行词2.代入小句3.定关系词,定语从句的解题步骤,读懂句子意思、分析主从结构,直接代入“先行词+的”代入“介词+先行词”代入,先定大类、再辨细节,组成语义、语法完整的句子,1.TheScienceMuseum,_wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondonstouristattractions.(08江苏)A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where2.ChenZijiangisapaper-cuttingexpert_IinterviewedformyarticleonChineseArt.A.whoseB.whatC.whomD.which3.ItwasJohn,_studiedveryhard,_oftenofferedushelp.A.that;thatB.who;whichC.that;whoD.who;that,关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换,但下列情况只用that。,All_canbedonehasbeendone.Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?Thereislittle_canbebelievedaboutit.Thebookdoesntsaymuch_amuseschildren.,that,that,that,that,先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词,引导定语从句用that。,Ivereadallthebooks_youlentme.Nosample_wenavereceivedissatisfactory.Pleasesendusanyinformation_youhaveaboutthesubject.,that,that,that,先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,last修饰时,引导定语从句用that.,Hamburgisthemostbeautifulcity_Iveeverseen.ThisisthebestTV_ismadeinChina.Thefirstmuseum_hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.Heistheonlyperson_waspresentatthetime.,that,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、thevery,theonly修饰时,引导定语从句用that。,that,Thefamouswriterandhisworks_theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing_sufferspain,death,harm,etc.,that,that,先行词中既有人又有事物时,引导定语从句用that.,Who_youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?Who_youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow?,that,that,Who做先行词时,引导定语从句用that。,一代人物不定the!,1.Thenewlybuiltcaf,thewallsof_arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork.(10江苏)2.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof_lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.(10浙江3),which,whom,1.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice_peopleexpected.2.Heisnotthesameman_hewas.,as,as,such+名词+as+从句thesame+名词+as+从句,像一样的,像之类,和同类的,as在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语(名词性)。,whichVSas,whichVSas,1.ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,_showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.(2015福建卷)2.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_,ofcourse,makealltheothersupset.(2011北京)3.Thenumberofsmokers,_isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.(2015江苏卷)4.TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,_isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.(2011全国)5.lotoflanguagelearning,_hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.(2012安徽),which,which,as,which,as,HemustbefromCanada,_isclearfromhisbooks.Heinvitedmetodinner,_waskindofhim.,which,as,当从句是主系表结构时:as主句是一种判断,从句说明理由(因为)which主句是一个事实,从句是一种评价。,whichVSas,Hemadealongspeech,_wasexpected.Hemadealongspeech,_wasunexpected.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,_hiswifedoesntlikeatall.,which,which,as,当主句和从句语义一致时,用as当两句语义不一致或从句为否定时,用which,whichVSas,whichVSas,小结1:直接代入,小结1:直接代入,如何按照常考考点来梳理which,that,who,whom,as的用法区别?,1.Thatsthenewmachine_partsaretoosmalltobeseen.(10山东24)2.Childrenwhoarenotactiveor_dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.(10北京27),whose,whose,3.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_wasveryreasonable.whichpriceB.itspriceC.whosepriceD.thepriceofwhose4Lookout!Dontgettooclosetothehouse_roofisunderrepairAwhoseBwhichCofwhichDthat,小结2:“先行词+的”代入,用whose注意:有时候也用ofwhich,1.Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatwork_agoodimpressionisamust.(2014江苏)2.Iamlookingforwardtotheday_mydaugh
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