美国历史__(英语演讲ppt)

HistoryoftheUnitedStates,ColonizationofNorthAmerica,TheIndians2Theearlyexploration3.TheFoundingofthethirteencolonies,TheIndians,BeforeChristopherColumbusdiscoverthenewworld.TherelivedagroupofpeoplewhichColumbusmistookforthepeopleofIndia.Thosepeople,whohadcrossedfromAsiasome2000yearsearlierleftabeautifulvirginlandscapelargelyuntouched.,Theearlyexploration,AfterColumbusdiscovertheNewWorldin1492theEuropeanpowerssentmanyexplorerstothenewcontinentsandtheybegantocompeteagainsteachotherinoccupyingtheNewWorld.Asaresultoftheearlyexploration,itlaidthefoundationforthecreationofnationinNorthandSouthAmerica.Theexplorersalsoexclaimedlargeareasoflandfortheirkings.,张姣姣,TheFoundingofthethirteencolonies,王双,Jamestown,ThefirstofBritishcoloniestoholdinNorthAmericawasJamestown（詹姆士顿）.Agroupofabout100mensetoutfortheChesapeakeBay（切萨皮克湾）in1607.TheysetupthefirstcolonizationsiteJamestown.Thissitewasdevelopedintooneofthe13coloniesVirginia（弗吉尼亚）.,王双,Massachusetts,In1620,inordertoescapefromreligiouspersecutionathomeagroupofpuritans（清教徒）nowknownaspilgrimFather（移民始祖）securedalandpatentfromVirginiaCompany,thesepeoplesetoutforVirginiaonboardtheMayflower（五月花号）,AstormsentthemfornorthandlandedinNewEnglandonCapeCod（科德角）.王双,TheMayflower,张姣姣,ThanksgivingDay,ThePilgrimFathersufferedterriblehardshipsatfirst,andhalfofthemdiedinthefirstwinter.Butthosewhosurvivedthefirstyearmanagedtoliveonfishand,withthehelpoffriendlyIndians,reapaharvestfromthelandinthesummer.Thesettlersfixedadatetocelebratetheirharvest.,FirstThanksgiving-Daytocelebratetheharvest,expressingtheirthankstoGod.,TheFoundingofthethirteencolonies,IttookmorethanacenturyfortheBritishtoestablishthe13coloniesalongtheAtlanticcoast.The13weredivided,accordingtotheirgeographicallocationsfromSouthtoNorth,threesections:thesoutherncolonies,themiddlecoloniesandNewEngland.,北美十三个殖民地,在殖民时期，南北两种截然不同的社会制度已经产生，北部建立起小土地所有制，同时发展起了资本主义经济，南部则建立起种植园奴隶制，而中部则介于两者之间。两种不同制度的产生为19世纪中叶美国内战的爆发埋下了种子。,AMERICANREVOLUTION,THESHARPENINGCONTRADICTIONBETWEENCOLONIESANDMOTHERCOUNTRY.,1.Thesharpeningcontradictionbetweencoloniesandmothercountry.2.TheBostonMassacre.3.BostonTeaParty.,李岩,THESHARPENINGCONTRADICTIONBETWEENCOLONIESANDMOTHERCOUNTRY.,Withthegrowthofthecolonies,however,Englandexercisedmoreprofitsoutofhercolonies.SuchasStampAct(印花税）,TownshendActs（汤森法案）,TeaAct（茶叶税）.,THEBOSTONMASSACRE,BostonTeaParty,THESECONDCONTINENTALCONGRESS,TheSecondContinentalCongresswasaconventionofdelegatesfromtheThirteenColoniesthatmetbeginningonMay10,1775,inPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania,soonafterwarfareintheAmericanRevolutionaryWarhadbegun.ThesecondCongressmanagedthecolonialwareffort,andmovedincrementallytowardsindependence,adoptingtheUnitedStatesDeclarationofIndependenceonJuly4th,1776,GEORGEWASHINGTON,GeorgeWashington(February22,1732December14,1799)servedasthefirstPresidentoftheUnitedStatesfrom1789to1797andasthecommanderoftheContinentalArmyintheAmericanRevolutionaryWarfrom1775to1783.BecauseofhissignificantroleintherevolutionandintheformationoftheUnitedStates,heisoftenreveredbyAmericansastheFatherofOurCountry”TheContinentalCongressappointedWashingtoncommander-in-chiefoftheAmericanrevolutionaryforcesin1775.,DeclarationofIndependence,ThomasJefferson,mainauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependence,THEWAROFAMERICANINDEPENDENCE,AtfirstAmericansufferedalotTurningpoint:greatvictoryatSaratogaWiththehelpofFranceandothercountriesAmericanfinallywintheindependence.,英军司令康华利和他手下7000名英军在约克镇向美军投降,THESIGNIFICANCEOFTHEWAR,TheAmericanWarofIndependencewasofgreathistoricalimportanceandinfluence.AnewrepublicemergedanditmarkedanewbeginningofAmericanhistory.ThevictoryoftheAmericanpeoplealsogreatlyencouragedthepeopleinthecoloniesruledbytheSpanishandpromotedthenationalliberationstruggleoftheothercoloniesintheworld.,辛苗苗,THECONFEDERATIONANDTHECONSTITUTION,ConstitutionalConventionUnitedStatesConstitution,CONSTITUTIONALCONVENTION,ThePhiladelphiaConvention(nowalsoknownastheConstitutionalConvention)tookplacefromMay25toSeptember17,1787,inPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania,toaddressproblemsingoverningtheUnitedStatesofAmerica,whichhadbeenoperatingundertheArticlesofConfederationfollowingindependencefromGreatBritain.,辛苗苗,CONSTITUTIONOFTHEUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA,TheConstitutiondefinesthethreebranchesofthenationalgovernment:alegislature,thebicameralCongress;anexecutivebranchledbythePresident;andajudicialbranchheadedbytheSupremeCourt.TheConstitutionspecifiesthepowersanddutiesofeachbranch.,TheexpandingofUnitedStates,Thewarin1812,MonroeDoctrine,TheMonroeDoctrine,expressedin1823,proclaimedtheUnitedStatesopinionthatEuropeanpowersshouldnolongercolonizetheAmericasorinterferewiththeaffairsofsovereignnationslocatedintheAmericassuchastheUnitedStates,Mexico,andothers.Inreturn,theUnitedStateswouldnotinterfereinEuropeanaffairs.,WesternMovement,Time:theyearsfollowingtheendofthecivilwarin1965People:minersPurpose:seekforgoldandsilverPlace:RockymountainregionFamousfigures:hiredhorsemen-cowboysResults:Indiansarewithdrewandbuffaloweredestroyed,Thefirstsocialmovement,SpurredbytheJacksondemocraticspirit,andworriedaboutthegrowingsocialinequality,thereform-mindedreligiousandsocialgroupslaunchedreformmovementsoneafteranotherfrom1830to1850,aperiodrememberedinAmericanhistoryasatimeofthefirstsocialmovement.,CivilWar,Time:1861-1865Participants:theSou