复数类Complex并重载运算符.doc

一、实验目的： 1) 理解编译时的多态性和运行时的多态性。 2) 掌握运算符重载的基本方法。 3) 掌握虚函数的定义与使用方法。二、实验内容及方法：1）定义一个复数类Complex，并重载运算符+、-、*、/和负号（用友元函数实现）2) 定义一个有理数类，并重载运算符+、-、*、/（用成员函数实现）。 class Rational public: /构造函数 Rational(int num1=0，int den1=1); /重载运算符 const operator+(const Rational r)； const operator-( const Rational r)； const operator*( const Rational r)； const operator/( const Rational r)； private： /定义一个有理数num为分子，den为分母 int num, den； ； 3) 定义一个类Animal，该类中可以存放动物的名字，并有一个Identify函数用于显示动物的种类。 4) 定义两个类Cat、Dog，都继承自Animal，并重载Identify函数，不但要显示动物的种类，还要显示动物的名字。 5) 定义一个Tiger类，继承自Cat，重载Identify函数，显示动物的种类和名字。 三、实验程序如下：1、#includeclass complexpublic:complex() real=imag=0;complex(double r) real=r;imag=0.0;complex(double r,double i)real=r;imag=i;friend complex operator+(complex,complex); friend complex operator-(complex,complex);friend complex operator*(complex,complex);friend complex operator/(complex,complex);friend complex operator-(complex &); void Display();private:double real,imag;complex operator+(complex c1,complex c2)complex t;t.real=c1.real+c2.real;t.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;return t;complex operator-(complex c1,complex c2)complex t;t.real=c1.real-c2.real;t.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;return t; complex operator*(complex c1,complex c2)complex t;t.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;t.imag=c1.real*c2.imag+c1.imag*c2.real;return t; complex operator/(complex c1,complex c2)complex t; t.real=(c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/(c1.real*c1.real+c1.imag*c2.imag);t.imag=(c2.real*c1.imag-c1.real*c2.imag)/(c1.real*c1.real+c1.imag*c2.imag);return t;complex operator-(complex &c)complex t;t.real=-c.real;t.imag=-c.imag;return t;void complex:Display()cout0)cout+;if(imag!=0)coutiendl;void main()complex c1(5.0,2.4),c2(3.0,-2.5),c3;c3=c1+c2;coutc3=;c3.Display();c3=c1-c2;coutc3=;c3.Display();c3=c1*c2;coutc3=;c3.Display();c3=c1/c2;coutc3=;c3.Display();c3=-c1;coutc3=;c3.Display();2、#include #include class Rationalpublic: /构造函数 Rational(int num1=0,int den1=1); /重载运算符 const Rational operator+(const Rational &r); const Rational operator-( const Rational &r); const Rational operator*( const Rational &r); const Rational operator/( const Rational &r); /重载输出符 friend ostream& operator den * r.den; temp.num = this-num * r.den + this-den * r.num; temp.Reduction(); return temp;const Rational Rational:operator-(const Rational& r) Rational temp; temp.den = this-den * r.den; temp.num = this-num * r.den - this-den * r.num; temp.Reduction(); return temp;const Rational Rational:operator*(const Rational& r) Rational temp; temp.den = this-den * r.den; temp.num = this-num * r.num; temp.Reduction(); return temp;const Rational Rational:operator/(const Rational& r) Rational temp; temp.den = this-den * r.num; temp.num = this-num * r.den; temp.Reduction(); return temp;void Rational:Reduction() int i,z; if (den=0) coutdata errornum?den:num; for(i=2;i=sqrt(z);i+) while(den%i=0 & num%i=0)/here den=den/i; num=num/i; ostream& operator(ostream& outs, const Rational& r) outsr.num/r.den