高中英语完形填空解题思路与技巧

完形填空解题思路与技巧,专题一：词汇手段,完形填空失分原因分析：,急于求成，断章取义，忽略语篇理解；忽略文章首句的提示作用；忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系；词汇积累不足，不会分析长难句；,为什么我的完形填空总是得不了高分呢？,完形填空的特点：,题材：说明文、夹叙夹议的文章首句：一般不设空，了解全文的窗口选项：实词居多，同一类词轻语法，中逻辑，关注语境（context）,StepsofDoingClozeTest,1、跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意,2、瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破,3、复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案,完形填空解题技巧,1.词汇手段,2.逻辑手段,3.文化常识,4.前后搭配,解题技巧之词汇手段,1.词语同现,2.词语复现,1.词语同现,词语同现：意义上相关联的词汇出现在同一语篇中。同现词之间有反义或相对关系,或者同类互补关系等,如different与same;cruel与friendly;death(死亡)与destruction(毁灭);ill与pale,patient,nurse,doctor,operation等。,例1Youhavetopushthedoorwiththeword“PUSH”togooutofthebuildingandtopullthedoorwiththeword“PULL”to24thebuilding.A.enterB.leaveC.openD.close【解析】有push(推)就有pull(拉),有gooutof(出去)就会有enter(进入),这就是词语同现,例题分析,例2Theargumenthasbeenonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的)growthby2situationthathasdesignedfortheaveragechildren.A.designingB.groupingC.learningD.living【解析】learning是与class，children，intellectual联系最为紧密的，因此是最有可能的答案。,例3butothersthinkthatonedoesnotneedtofeelsoguiltwhenstealingsomefoodtoeat,ifhelivesinareallypoorareaandheis_.A.growingB.hungryC.beggingD.wandering【解析】文中出现stealingsomefoodtoeat,poor等描述，与之相关的选项是hungry。,例4Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23andpale.A.sickB.slimC.shortD.small【解析】与pale同现的单词应是sick,例5Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwas36andwhenIwas14,hesaid,“Yourenevergoingtobeanythingbutafailure.”A.brightB.uselessC.simpleD.hopeful【解析】文中提到badly，failure，与之相关的应该是useless,词语复现：某一个词以原词或同义词等方式在同一语篇中重复出现，以达到句子相互衔接的目的。,2.词语复现,原词复现：同一个词或者其同源词,同义词复现：例如ill与sick,上下义复现：例如dog,cat,wolf都是animal的下义词。,例6Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.Therecanbelittledoubtthat4classescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.A.regularB.specialC.smallD.creative【解析】与前段第一句中specialclasses的special是原词复现。,例7ManyteachersbelievethattheresponsibilitiesforlearningliewiththestudentsItisthestudents_tofindbooks,magazines,andarticlesinthelibrary.A.rightB.responsibilityC.dutyD.task【解析】前面出现“教师认为学习是学生的责任”，有responsibilities一词，后面是学生的“”，这里应该也是填“责任”。这里是同源词复现。,例8ChinesescientistsareagainbecomingexcitedaboutthefactthatalargehairyanimalmayliveincentralChinaThreetallanimals,coveredwithlong_15_,wereA.hairB.legC.noseD.tail【解析】前面出现是hairyanimal，其后应该选择hair,例9Weallknowthatsomethingsareobviouslyright.Somethingsare2wrong,too.A.equallyB.slightlyC.clearlyD.increasingly【解析】obviously与clearly是同义词复现。,例10However,thisconcernismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents,andsomeofthese12simplyconcludethatspecialclassesshouldbesetupforthosewhoaretalented.A.studentsB.adultsC.scholarsD.teachers【解析