职高英语基础模块下册Unit 8 and Unit 9Grammar 动词-ing形式的应用

Welcome!,Grammar,Unit8,动词ing形式的用法,构成,由动词原形加-ing构成,时态和语态的变化,功能,动词的-ing形式及其短语可以在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语，补足语和状语。,否定式,由not加动名词组成,谓语动词用单数,Learningisdifficultbutinteresting.Wavingoneshandistosay“Hi”or“Goodbye”.Learninghowtoapologizeisimportantininternationalcommunication.Walkingisgoodforhealth.Seeingisbelieving.ReadingaloudisveryimportantinlearningEnglish.,做主语,【注】,在下面结构中，可用it作形式主语，把真正的主语即动名词放在句末。,Itsnogoodtalkingaboutit.谈也无用。Itsnogoodhelpinghim.Hedoesnthelphimself.ItsnousearguingwithTom.Heisstubborn.Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk.Itisnogooduse+动词ing干没有用,作宾语,一、作直接宾语eg.Gestureisawaytoexpressmeaningandfeelingwithoutwords.Takingnoddingtheheadforexample.,只可接动词的-ing形式作宾语的动词：avoid,避免；appreciate,欣赏；admit,承认；consider,考虑；delay,拖延，推迟；dislike；enjoy；escape,逃避；excuse,原谅，宽恕；finish,complete；forgive,原谅；imagine,想象；keep,保持；mind,介意；prevent,阻止；miss,错过，想念；practice,练习；suggest,advise,介意；risk，冒险。,eg.Ihavetodelayansweringtheletter.Allofusenjoyplayingfootball.Excusemycominglate.Canyouimaginehimbecomingfamousasanactor?Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere?Doyoumindgivingmeaglassofwater?Ofcourse,Icantpreventyourcoming.WeshouldpracticereadingEnglisheveryday.Hesuggestedgoingforawalk.Iadvisewaitingtillthepropertime.Imisslivinginthecountry.IdontwanttomissseeingthatplayonTVtonight.,后接动词的-ing形式作宾语的短语动词：feellike,喜欢，想要.;giveup,放弃；putoff,推迟；befondof,喜欢；beinterestedin,感兴趣；lookforwardto,期望；canthelp,禁不住;spendin,花费；devoteto,奉献；contributeto,有助于；referto,指的是；leadto,通向；PreferdoingAtodoingB,宁愿A不愿B;insiston,坚持；objectto,反对。,eg.Wearefondofswimming.Idontfeellikegoingtoworktoday.Imlookingforwardtogettinganotherjob.Ipreferwalkingtoriding.Idontthinkhiswordscontributetosolvingthehardproblem.,二、作介词宾语,1.OnecannotuseEnglishwellbyknowingonlythewordsandgrammar.2.Wheneveryoucomeacrossnewwordsinyourreading,lookthemupinthedictionary.3.Nothingcanbelearnedwithoutgivingtimeandefforttoit.4.Wearetiredofhavingthesamekindoffoodeveryday.5.Heearnshislivingbyteaching.6.InsteadofgoingtoZhongshanPark,theywenttotheZoo.,todosty.doingsth.forgetrememberregretmeangoonstoptry,忘记去做某事,忘记已经做过某事,记住去做某事,记住曾做过某事,遗憾去做某事,后悔做过某事,打算/想做某事,意味着做某事,（做完某事）接着去做另一件事,继续做同一件事,停下来去做另一件事,停止做一件事,努力去做某事,试着做某事,stopstoptodo停下来去做另一件事（两件事）stopdoing停止正在做的事（一件）eg.Wearetootired,westop_.A.havearestB.tohavearestC.havingarestD.hadarestSeeingtheteachercomein,allstudentsstop_.A.talkB.totalkC.talkingD.talkedtryeg.Theyoungmantries_herhusbandnottogoout.A.persuadeB.persuadingC.topersuadeD.persuadedHetriesdoingthejobbyhimself.,forget,rememberforgettodo忘记去做（还没有做）forgetdoing忘记做过（已做）remembertodo记得去做（还没有做）rememberdoing记得做过（已做）eg.Dontforget_thewindowswhenyouleavethehouse.A.closeB.tocloseC.closedD.closingIremember_theoldmansomeday,butIforgotabouthisname.A.seeB.toseeC.seeingD.seen,regreteg.Iregrettoinformyou:youarearrested.Theoldmanregretsbeatinghisgrandson.gooneg.Thelittlegirlhasarestandgoeson_.A.studyB.studyingC.tostudyD.studiedAlthoughitisdark,Marygoeson_.A.studyB.studyingC.tostudyD.studiedmeaneg.Idontmean_himtotakepartinmyparty,butmywordsmean_.A.toinvite;toinviteB.toinvite;invitingC.inviting;toinviteD.inviting;inviting,作表语,Hisfavoritesportisskating.Whatshelikesbestissingingpopsongs.Thestoryisverymoving.Thenewsissurprising.Herjobwaslookingafterthepigs.Hishobbiesiscollectingstamps.【注】动名词作表语时，不可与进行时态相混淆。试比较：Shewaswashingclothes.（现在进行时）Herjobwaswashingclothes.（动名词）,tips,动名词：笼统、泛指的意思；抽象或经常性的动作。动词不定式：具体或特定的动作.eg.Thestudentslikeplayingfootball.这些学生喜欢踢足球。（经常性的爱好）Wouldyouliketoplayfootballthisafternoon.你今天下午愿意踢球吗？（指一次的动作）,作定语,动词的-ing形式以单词形式作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之前eg.areadingroom阅览室writingpaper信纸awalkingstick拐杖buildingmaterials建筑材料asleepingboy睡着的男孩aflyingkite飞着的风筝ThisremindsmeofItaly,whenitwasstilladevelopingcountry.Myfatherworksinaprintingshop.Ourschoolbuiltaswimmingpoollastsummer.Ourteacherusesaverygoodteachingmethod.以短语形式作定语时，置于所修饰的名词之后。Thewomancomingtodinnerthiseveningisafriendofmymothers.,-ing分词作定语可以表示(1)所修饰名词的用途。如：awaitingroom(=aroomforwaiting)候车室awalkingstick(=astickforwalking)手杖asleepingcar(=acarforsleeping)卧车（2）所修饰词的性质特征。如：excitingnews令人激动的消息amovingstory一个令人感动的故事,所修饰名词正在进行的动作，可以换成定语从句形式。如：asleepingchild(=achildwhoissleeping)正睡觉的孩子awalkingman(=amanwhoiswalking)正散步的男人,themanstandingatthegate=themanwhoisstandingatthegate,作宾语补足语,在see,hear,feel,watch,notice，listento,observe等感官动词以及find,lookat,smell,get,leave,have等后可以用-ing形式做宾语补足语，表示宾语进行的动作，具有“主动”和“进行”的含义。eg.SometimeinthenightBillwokeandfoundJoesittingupinbed,crying.Hissonfeltunhappywhenhesawhisclassmateswearingbrandclothes.ItisquiterudetotalkwithapersoninyournativelanguageandleaveyourAmericanfriendsstandingthere.,作状语,1.时间，原因，方式，条件，伴随，结果状语等；2.表“主动”和“进行”的含义，其动作与句子的谓语时同时的；3.若本身没有自己的逻辑主语，则其动作的逻辑主语应是句子的主语。,1.DoingalotoflisteninginEnglish,youcanincreaseyourvocabulary.（方式）2.Trytotellyourclassmatesastoryusingthosephrasesyouhavelearned.（方式）3.Hewanderedthestreets,tryingtofindawaytomakesomemoney.（结果）,如果动词的-ing形式表示的动作出现在句子的谓语之前，则用动词-ing形式的完成式“having+动词的过去分词”。eg.Havingfinishedtheirwork,theyhadarest.,引导状语从句的关联词if,when,how,where等等，可以直接用于动词的-ing形式之前。eg.Ifbeingabletospeakanotherlanguage,onewillbequalifiedformanyjobstoday.,(1)-ing分词在句中可以作伴随状语，常放于句后，表示主语正在进行的另一个动作，来对谓语表示的主要动作加以修饰或作主要陪衬。如：Theysatinfrontofthebuilding,laughingandchatting.Heworkedlateyesterday,preparingforthelecture.(2)-ing分词可以作时间状语，常放在句首，如：(When)Walkinginthestreet,Icaughtsightofatailorsshop.(After)Finishingmywork,Iwentout.Havingtoldusafunnystory,theteacherwentontoexplainthetextt