（宿迁专版）2020中考英语复习方案 第二篇 语法专题突破 专题11 非谓语动词课件

,语法专题（十一）非谓语动词,第二篇语法专题突破,考点一动词不定式,1.动词不定式的构成：to+动词原形;否定形式为：notto+动词原形。2.动词不定式的用法,3.动词不定式考点归纳(1)后跟不定式作宾语或宾补的动词(短语)：afford,begin/start,choose,decide,try,hope/wish,expect,agree,promise,happen,refuse,learn,seem,volunteer,fail,(would)like/love,want,ask,tell,allow,warn,encourage,force,invite,teach,advise,tryonesbest等(2)在使役动词和一些感官动词后用不定式作宾补,这时要省略to。这些词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear,listento)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(observe,see,watch,notice)。但变被动语态时,to要还原。,(3)在“whynot+动词原形?”“hadbetter(not)+动词原形”“lets+动词原形”这三个结构中,动词不定式要省略to。whynotgooutforawalk?为什么不出去散步呢?youdbettergobybus.你最好乘公共汽车去。,【巧学妙记】后跟todo作宾语的动词(短语)：想要,拒绝,忘记(want/wouldlike,refuse,forget)需要,努力,学习(need,try,learn)喜欢,同意,帮助(like,agree,help)希望,决定,开始(hope/wish,decide,begin/start),4.既能接动词不定式又能接动词-ing形式的动词(1)既能接动词不定式又能接动词-ing形式作宾语,且意义差别不大的动词有：like,love,hate,begin,start等。doyoulikeplaying/toplayfootball?你喜欢踢足球吗?(2)既能接动词不定式又能接动词-ing形式作宾语,但意义差别很大的动词(短语)有：,hestoppedwatchingtvandbegantoreadenglish.他停止看电视,开始读英语。hewatchedtvforanhour.at8：00hestoppedtodohishomework.他看了一个小时的电视。八点钟他停下(看电视)去做作业。,(3)在think,find,make等动词后通常用it作形式宾语,而把不定式移至形容词或名词后,构成“主语+动词+it(形式宾语)+宾补(形容词/名词)+不定式(真正的宾语)”结构。ifounditdifficulttosolvetheproblem.我发现解决这个问题很难。,考点二动名词,1.动名词的构成：动词原形+-ing,与现在分词同形。动名词既有动词的性质又有名词的性质。2.动名词的用法,3.后接动名词作宾语的词及短语(1)常接动名词作宾语的动词有：enjoy,finish,consider,miss,keep,mind,practice,suggest,avoid,prefer,need/require/want等。(2)常接动名词作宾语的短语有：bebusy,feellike,giveup,canthelp,beusedto,beworth,beafraidof,beproudof,beinterestedin,cantstop,keep/stopfrom,lookforwardto,putoff,havefun,havedifficulty/problem/trouble(in)等。,【巧学妙记】后接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)：完成实践值得忙(finish,practice,beworth,bebusy)继续习惯别放弃(keepon,beusedto,giveup)考虑建议不禁想(consider,suggest,canthelp,feellike)喜欢思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind),考点三分词,1.构成(1)现在分词：v.-ing形式,表示动作正在发生,表主动意义。(2)过去分词：v.-ed形式,表示动作已经完成,含有被动意义。2.用法(1)作定语chinaisadevelopingcountry.americaisadevelopedcountry.中国是一个发展中国家。美国是一个发达国家。iknowtheboycalledliming.我认识那个叫李明的男孩。,(2)作表语thebookisinteresting.iminterestedinit.这本书很有趣。我对它感兴趣。(3)作宾语补足语isawhergoingupstairs.我看见她正在上楼。iwanttohavesomephotostaken.我想拍几张照片。(4)作状语laughingandtalking,theywentintotheroom.他们有说有笑地走进了房间。,.单项选择1.2017宿迁thegirlstudentsarediscussingthewallsintheclassroom.a.whattopaintcolorb.topaintwhatcolorc.whichcolortopaintd.topaintwhichcolor2.2015宿迁iheardtomwheniwalkedpasthisroomyesterday.a.singb.singingc.tosingd.sang,b,c,3.ittookusoneweekthisarticlebymoyan.a.read;writtenb.toread;writtenc.reading;towrited.toread;towrite4.iwillgotoharbinformysummervacation.whataboutyou?ihaventdecidedwhere.a.gob.wentc.goingd.togo5.theylookedforwardwithhopeachancetoreceivefurthereducation.a.forgettingb.ofgettingc.togetd.togetting,b,d,d,.根据句意或句子的语法要求,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1.hetriedallthewayshecouldthinkof(protect)himselfagainstallpossibledangers.2.theyarelookingforwardto(win)thefirstprizeinthecomingcompetition.3.thekidshadfun(swim)inthewater.4.myw