高三英语语法专题课件：情态动词和虚拟语气

,语法专题情态动词,目录考点要览疑难点击实战演练,考点要览,考点要览情态动词的基本用法情态动词在一般疑问句中的问与答情态动词推测的用法“情态动词+havedone”“情态动词+bedoing/n./adj”情态动词的惯用法,疑难点击,疑难点击部分情态动词的基本用法部分情态动词的问与答情态动词+havedone结构及意义情态动词的惯用法易用错的情态动词,部分情态动词的基本用法1、can表示推测（否定句）表示客观可能性（肯定句）表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度2、must表示固执，一定要，坚持要表示劝诱，请一定要，务必要表示偏偏表示揣测（肯定句）,3、shall用于一、三人称疑问句用于二、三人称陈述句4、should表示预期，应该会、一定会表示意外、惊讶，竟然、竟会,情态动词的问与答(1)NeedI?Yes,youmust.No,youneednt.(2)MustI?Yes,youmust.No,youneednt.(3)MayI?Yes,youmay.(=Yes,certainly/ofcourse.)No,youmaynot.(=No,youcant/mustnt.),(4)ShallI.?Yes,please.No,thanks.No,youneednt.（委婉）No,youcant.（反对）No,youmustnt.（禁止）(5)MightI?Yes,youcan.No,youcant.,情态动词+havedone结构及意义(1)musthavedone（语气肯定）“过去一定”Ididnthearthetelephone,Imusthavebeenasleep.(2)should/oughttohavedone本来应该表示责备，惋惜。Theplantisdead,Ishouldhavegivenitmorewater.(3)may/mighthavedone（语气不肯定）“过去可能”表推测。Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.,(4)cant/couldnthavedone（语气肯定）（否定句和疑问句）“过去不可能”对过去发生的事的不肯定或怀疑。HecanthavestudiedEnglishbefore.(5)couldhavedone本来能做却未做，表责备。mighthavedone本来可以做却未做，表责备。Hecouldhavewalkedtothestation,itwassofar.,6)neednthavedone已做了某事，但没有必要。shouldnthavedone/oughtnttohavedone本来不该做却做了，表责备，惋惜。Ineednthaveboughtthebook.我没有必要买这本书。Tomoughtnottohavetoldmeyoursecret.汤姆本不该把你的秘密告诉我。,情态动词的惯用法1、cannottoo/enough2、cannotbutdosth=haveto3、Idaresay或Idaresay=Ithink4、Howdareyou?5、maywelldo6、may/mightaswelldo=hadbetter,易用错的情态动词1、need表示需要(否定句、疑问句）及物动词与不等式连用2、dare表示敢于（否定句、疑问句）及物动词与不等式连用3、must/havetomust表主观haveto表客观4、can/beableto表示能力can表示有能力做某事，beableto表示通过努力、克服困难做成某事5、would/usedto过去常常,实战演练,1.Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.You_havemycomputerifyoudonttakecareofit.A.shantB.mightnotC.needntD.shouldnt2.IlltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.You_herlastweek.A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold,3.IhearyouvegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins._Ihavealook?Yes,certainly.A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should4.Sorry,Imlate.I_haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will,5.DoyoustillrememberthedaywhenwewenttotheGreatWall?Icantrememberitwell,but_sometimelastautumn?A.mightitbeB.couldithavebeenC.coulditbeD.mustithavebeen6、Ipromisedtogettherebefore5oclock,butnowtherainispouringdown.They_forimpatiently.A.maywaitB.oughttowaitC.couldwaitD.mustbewaiting,7.Allparents_knowwhattodowhentheirchildrenhavehadanaccident.A.canB.mayC.shouldD.areableto8、Inthosedays,theoldwoman_sitatthegateforhours,waitingforhersontoreturnfromthefront.A.willB.shoul