中美校内管理“计划实效性”的比较分析

1附件1全国优秀教育硕士专业学位论文推荐表单位名称华教育管理学院填表日期2008年11月20日论文题目中美校内管理“计划实效性”的比较分析A1A1A2A0A3A4A5A6A7A8A9A10A0A11A12A13A14A15A16A8A17A18A19A20A21A22A23A24A25A26A3A4A5A6A11A12A13A14A16A8A17A18A19A20A21A22A24A25作者姓名论文答辩日期学科专业方向单丽梅二零零六年六月五日教育管理攻硕期间及获得硕士学位后一年内获得与硕士学位论文有关的成果发表学术论文题目，刊名,时间，社会影响A27A28A29A30A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A38A39A40A31A32A41A42A43A43A44A45A46A47A48A49A50A38A51A52A53A54A55A56A57A58A38A59A27A60A61A62A63A64A65A31A59A66A67A67A68A69A70A71论文所产生的实际影响对作者工作及所在单位工作A72A73A74A75A76A48A77A78A79A65A80A81A31A32A41A42A82A83A84A85A38A86A87A88A89A90A91A92A47A48A31A93A28A29A30A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A38A39A40A31A32A41A42A62A94A88A50A95A48A96A76A89,A97A98A99A100A38A101A102A103A104A105A39A40A106A39A107A108A38A31A32A41A42A109A110A111A28A33A34A35A36A37A38A65A80A112A113A114A115A116A117A31A118A51A52A111A31A118A119A120A38A121A122A123A124A88A125A126A127A88A125A128A31A117A129A123A130A93A131A132A133A41A42A38A134A62A135A133A88A136A31A38A62A94A137A99A94A120A138A38A139A140A117A31A32A141A111A41A42A117A142A80A143A144A85A41A42A145A81A117A31A93A130A146A147A148A149A150A50A88A151A152A76A65A80A38A71A153A154A28A31A32A38A33A34A155A156A35A157A158A117A159A160A35A161A88A162A28A163A164A88A111A132A133A41A42A82A83A165A166A135A133A167A72A91A92A168A169A76A170A171A172A173A31A32A41A42A82A83A97A98A174A175A127A176A177A88A154A76A137A178A56A85A31A93A179A85A180A175A38A41A42A181A112A182A183A155A184A99A90A185A38A186A36A137A187A167出版专著名称、出版社、出版时间获奖项2目名称、等级及时间）中文论文摘要论文选题的意义,论文运用的主要研究方法,主要研究成果,主要参考文献A188A189A137A35A81A48A77A190A191A192A193A155A194A38A195A196A145A45A88A154A197A65A80A198A199A114A76A90A200A38A195A196A167A201A202A203A204A205A206A207A208A209A210A211A212A213A214A215A216A217A218A219A220A221A222A223A217A224A215A225A226A227A228A229A205A230A231A231A232A233A230A231A231A234A235A236A237A238A239A240A241A242A233A243A244A245A246A247A218A248A249A250A251A252A210A221A222A253A254A215A255A200A0A243A244A240A1A2A3A205ORANGECOUNTYA2061A165A4A245A246A247A5A6A7A8A210A9A10A11A12A13A214A233A251A14A15A16A142A240A1A2A3A193A4A233A17A18A19A20A4A219A21A22A23A24A25A215A219A225A9A26A27A210A221A193A28A29A215A89A30A5A31A210A32A4A33A34A233A35A36A210A37A38A39A27A40A41A142A230A219A42A218A216A43A44A233A244A0A234A45A46A236A156A47A48A49A50A210A30A51A15A16A52A240A247A53A246A54A233A55A56A54A142A234A45A46A236A217A218A193A112A156A47A33A57A210A58A59A60A61A215A30A62A244A243A210A221A222A156A47A224A63A64A65A66A67A68A215A250A69A0A156A47A56A252A62A70A71A239A247A72A225A210A58A73A142A74A0A75A224A210A253A254A153A76A62A215A242A77A210A11A12A78A79A244A14A80A233A81A82A174A83A70A84A85A247A234A45A46A48A49A236A210A86A242A87A88A142A90A39A91A219A92A93A228A94A95A96A97A56A210A243A244A234A2A3A236A221A222A253A254A45A46A98A44A99A100A101A215A208A102A239A243A244A103A156A47A47A104A210A105A106A107A45A46A210A228A246A233A108A48A142A245A250A63A155A109A216A210A100A217A110A226A111A113A114A215A65A30A115A15A16A210A116A117A233A90A118A119A120A15A16A121A122A233A123A124A245A246A247A64A125A142A0A90A39A210A91A126A92A62A216A30A62A243A236A11A12A193A112A234A45A46A56A48A54A236A210A127A128A43A44A11A12A142A129A153A130A131A17A132A62A243A233A244A193A112A133A134A210A234A135A111A54A9A10A136A254A236A244A234A137A138A103A139A210A140A141A236A119A120A234A137A138A143A29A236A210A251A14A144A145A146A215A147A148A234A45A46A236A230A219A62A149A215A30A200A127A128A150A151A152A154A157A158A244A159A160A137A161A244A162A163A164A166A233A167A245A76A168A146A43A44A56A214A54A11A12A142A30A51A169A145A62A243A233A244A112A133A246A170A156A47A210A47A104A233A123A171A123A124A215A172A173A175A16A62A243A233A244A249A130A210A176A177A233A66A178A215A58A179A180A85A216A244A193A112A0A234A45A46A56A48A54A236A123A181A182A0A210A183A184A142A219A161A185A210A56A214A11A12A244A136A254A244A81A82A111A186A90A146A187A188A247A189A13A91A219A190A174A83A244A14A80A233A78A79A210A53A191A192A233A194A192A142A90A39A91A250A92A195A30A50A196A11A12A162A163A245A246A197A198A169A145A142A195A169A199A94A156A47A201A171A244A39A27A166A202A136A244A124A203A204A207A244A156A47A224A208A209A244A210A211A212A11A213A192A244A221A222A210A66A187A215A54A127A179A146A216A242A123A181A245A246A90A214A142A65A219A215A76A192A50A217A218A220A49A247A62A243A30A51A169A145A123A124A215A221A0A52A35A197A198A169A145A210A222A30A54A233A223A136A54A142A224A225A226A61A216A244A193A112A234A45A46A227A48A236A183A184A210A197A198A66A228A229A205A230A231A215A74A75A224A232A218A235A237A203A183A184A238A239A240A142A241A242A243A245A246A247A248A249A251A253A254A255A68A0A253A254A63A48A1A2A113A247A97A3A10A4A5A116A6A253A254A142A24A242A7A4A5A69A95A73A234A109A8A236A248A12A9A63A4A5A7A12A9A51A11A234A109A8A236A240A118A13A36A4A5A234A109A8A236A165A14A15A16A17A51A12A9A246A18A245A248A68A0A63A19A20A119A73A17A51A157A21A22A23A23A25A26A27A12A9A8A34A248A28A29A1421A30A31ORANGECOUNTYA32A33A35A37A38A39A40A41A42A43A44A45A46A47A49IRVINEA50A52A53A54A55A56A41A57A58A30A31A59A60A61A62A35A37A64A31A65A66A67A70A71A72A33A74A37A41A75A76A64A56A65A77A78A61A79A80A81A74A82A83A84A59A85A86A87A33A30A31A42A43A613专家推荐理由A88A120A89A90A91A92A23A25A26A27A234A12A9A240A8A93A236A248A94A96A68A0A98A98A92A21A99A100A101A102A248A165A103A104A105A106A107A108A122A110A91A22A111A112A114A115A117A63A191A254A121A109A96A123A248A124A240A125A126A63A109A127A128A175A248A129A130A142A48A1A114A115A131A132A133A134A240A248A91A92A135A136A94A96A63A137A138A139A140A69A130A63A1A141A143A144A63A11A145A27A146A147A148A149A51A11A68A0A63A150A115A91A21A23A25A26A27A151A12A9A240A8A93A18A245A152A151A248A253A254A63A247A119A73A127A153A248A7A154A63A155A156A109A158A159A248A160A161A142A162A114A115A163A34A133A234A164A104A93A166A199A236A255A167A10A147A111A112A168A169A63A121A109A158A222A248A114A115A8A130A142A48A1A114A115A68A0A148A149A170A143A63A240A171A172A173A174A176A63A177A178A166A3A179A251A63A180A181A182A183A184A27A63A185A186A187A188A24A189A63A114A115A18A190A192A128A63A193A194A73A195A196A96A123A248A114A115A137A19A142A48A1A197A198A91A200A201A197A198A202A203A204A158A175A248A14A15A142A205A206A207A208A209单位推荐意见学位评定委员会分会主席（签章）单位公章年月日说明学科专业方向包括教育管理、教育技术、小学教育和学科教学，其中学科教学要说明具G1154方向，G3761学科教学（G6815学）G545G7259表G2334G3644G2207、G19315G19876G5454中美校内管理“计划实效性”的比较分析美国加州澄县地区与我国广东深圳罗湖区各五所中学的调查研究学位论文独创性声明本人所呈交的学位论文是我在导师的指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。据我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文不包含其他个人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中做了明确说明并表示谢意。作者签名日期学位论文使用授权声明本人完全了解华有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，学校有权保留学位论文并向国家主管部门或其指定机构送交论文的电子版和纸质版。有权将学位论文用于非盈利目的的少量复制并允许论文进入学校图书馆被查阅。有权将学位论文的内容编入有关数据库进行检索。有权将学位论文的标G20076和G6700要G8731编出版。保G4506的学位论文在解G45065G2530G17878用本规定。学位论文作者签名导师签名日期日期单丽梅硕士学位论文答辩委员会成员名单姓名职称单位备注陈永明教授华主席王俭副教授华纪明泽副教授华江玲副教授华宋崇鑫中学高级教师上海市复旦中学校长6目录中文摘要A210英文摘要第一章绪论“计划实效性”研究的意义与论阈1一、考察对比萌生写作动机11、实证考察对比中美校内管理“计划实效性”12、提高“计划实效性”改革势在必行3二、主要研究思路和写作方法51、研究思路本研究的大致逻辑框架52、具体采用的研究方法5三、本研究主要论阈与概念的界定6第二章中美被调查学校“计划实效性”的特征调查8一、“计划实效”的利益主体分析111、“行政命令”与“工作计划”112、利益主体的参与程度13二、“计划实效”的契约分析171、“契约”签订者的职责界定与计划实效182、“契约”签订者的“专业性”与计划实效19三、“计划实效”的结果评价201、监督评价机制与计划实效202、“指导协调”的力度与计划实效233、制度控制与计划实效24四、“计划实效”的总结和改进25我国现状调查251、G18337结果G17743G17819程G18337定G18339G17743定性252、总结与计划G14085G14422评价G8821G7389G1393G6466263、G3882G5821G993G14865实G712调G6984计划G7092动力26美国的现状调查27第三章就我国学校“计划实效性”问题的原因分析29一、“G3374G1927G2560G1186G990G13435指令”G7092G6164G16871对计划效用的G6297G556329G1186G6957G13958管理G8181G5347的G7693本G5058G5334G252G252G19610G7447与分G7447G16860G17227291、G14270G990G13792G991的评价机制G21735G2181“G7393G1186”302、“G12197G4630G2474G2533”的G7447G4053G3423G13464G13467G5390G2282“G7393G1186”303、G991G13435的计划对G990G13435的“G13501效”G17139责31二、G1166G8847G1207法G8847G712计划效用G4581G1166G19394G8953337三、“G19555G1259”、“G7114G19400G19762G13459性”G1038G7692G5527的文G2282价G1552G1627834G6930G5335对G1022G1166计划效用的G17873G87261、G13688体主G1053的“G19555G1259”价G1552G16278G993G17873G8726G1022G1166计划效用342、G7114G19400G19762G13459性G19602G1122G1582G2052“计划G1820行”36四、“G3818行”定的计划G19150G3837G11434G3332计划效用G7092G1186G16860G1722738G1128、G5381G2282监控协调力度必G9994导致计划G1314效40G1857、G5390G2282G6957G13958的G993G11842定性G6525G11434计划的G1314效40第四章对改进我国学校校内管理计划效用的建议43一、计划制定程G5219的G7389效监控431、定责G6492G7447G5390G2282“法G8847”对利益主体G17139责442、G14731G2474G1461G5699分析G1393G6466G7101G1998计划453、G2563动学G1076G3423G13464G13467利益主体G5203G8879参与G2465对“一G16340G3542”464、G13466G2282计划方G7708专业G2474G2533比G17751研究495、提高管理G1166G2604“计划性”G13044G17148G6502G19512G5190G6212果G7041G1927G1258649二、计划G6203行的G7389效监督与控制501、G19157定G11458标G7389效G13464G13467控制变G5334因G13044512、“指导”G19762“G5190预”及G7114G7389效“协调”533、制度与“激G2181”手段G7389效结合55三、G7389效检查总结完善“再计划”的法理程G5219561、检查方G5347多样G13466G2282着眼完G6984真实的工作G17819程572、G11842立客G16278公正的评估准则和尺度G2465对“主G16278G19555意性”593、总结是检查的继续G7389效分析与对G12586研究紧密结合604、G14865实G3882G5821措施以“激G2181”G1038导G253361附件一校长及G7389关管理G5190部的G19394卷调查63附件二针对G6957师调查G19394卷（含对在华美籍G6957师G19394卷）65附件三针对中国校长访G16860提纲68附录四对美国学校管理者的访G16860提纲68ASURVEYTOSCHOOLADMINISTRATORSFROMAMERICA参考文献G11458录69后记718摘要深圳作G1038中国内G3332经济最发达的城市之一G712也是G6957G13958投资相对G17751高的城市。也正是由G1122市局领导的远见卓识G712我作G1038一G13459G6957G13958工作者G712G7389机会G1820后G11222001和2004年被选送G2052加拿大和美国进行了G1038期各三G1022月的G6957G13958考察G712尤其在美国加州橙县（ORANGECOUNTY）2G3332区进行了G17751长G7114G19400的现场调查G2474证和G1022G7708研究。加州橙县学区和深圳罗湖区一样经济发达G712具G7389现G1207G2282的G6957学条件G712相对G17751好的社区环境和G5390烈的移民文G2282色彩。这一切G1038我展开两国在“计划”管理效用G990的对比研究G3698加了G2499行性和真实性。“计划”作G1038学校管理环G14422的G18337要G13464G6116G712对中、美的G6957G13958管理者G7481G16840G5194G993G19488生G712G13792G1000在管理实G17353中G18129G2475G2052了G5224G7389的G18337G16282。G1306在G12520者的考察G17819程中G712大G18339的调查G6980G6466、G7708G1375和访G16860资G7021G18129G7186G12046了“计划效用”的G5052大G5058G5334。论文G12544一G12468G20330G1820G1186G252G1233G16826实的美国“橙县”G6957G13958考察计划G1082开G3999写G17227G712领G5747G2052美国G1166管理理念的G12946G20647计划的G1820行和高效。进G13792G7481提G1998我的写作动机与G13984G7235G712G5194对本研究的意G1053和论阈以及研究思路和方法进行了G16840G7138。在论文的G12544二G12468中我对中美被调查学校“计划实效性”的G10317G5461展开调查。G17902G17819G14270G5061深G1849中美两国学校内部的“参与性现场G16278察”、“关G19202G1166G10301的G2684G16822”以及“关G19202G1119件”的G1022G7708G2090析G12573G712G3272G13481“计划”这一中G5527G712对其G10317G5461G2265G6336利益主体、契约关G13007、结果评价和改进程G5219G12573展开实证性调查。对比分析中美两国校内行政管理的理念和方G5347方法G712G16809G3282G6518究中美两国各G14270的G1260势和G993G17287G712G18337G9869G6593G12046我国学校在“计划实效性”方G19766G4396在的G19394G20076。一G13007G2027的实证调查、G16278察、访G16860与G16764论G12573G11842G1457了G14731G2474G12544一手资G7021、G7708G1375和G6980G6466的G2499G1461度和G5203度。论文G12544三G12468G4570对G990G17860调查结果进行G2419因分析。G4570分G2047G1186管理G8181G5347、文G2282价G1552G16278、法G8847G5326G16786、管理者G13044G17148、监控协调力度、G6957G13958的G993G11842定性G10317G9869G12573G1857大方G19766进行论证。G5194一定程度G990继续采用了中美对比分析方法G712G7100在G3698G5390G2419因分析的针对性和客G16278性。G5415G9994G17908G6116我国学校“计划G1314效”G19394G20076的G2419因G993G1177G19492G1122这G1135G712G1306G12520者G16760G1038G4439G1216是G19394G20076之G7693G9316。经G17819G2081G19766三G12468的G7138G11842G19394G20076、分析G19394G20076G712论文G12544四G12468G18337G9869G16860G3926G1321G16311G1927G19394G20076。G17902G17819对G3926G1321制定G1998“G7389效”的计划G712G3926G1321对计划进行“G7389效”实施以及G3926G1321“G7389效”G3332评价和改进计划三方G19766的分析G712力G3282G13485G1998改进我国学校校内管理计划效用的G5326G16770。关键词校内管理中美对比计划实效2A211A212ORANGECOUNTYA213A214A215A216A217A218A219A220A221A223A224A225A226A227A228IRVINEA229A230A231A232A233A235A220A237A238A211A212A239A241A242A243A215A216A244A212A245A246A248A249A250A251A214A252A216A220A253A254A244A235A245A255A40A242A42A0A1A252A2A3A4A239A5A6A7A214A211A212A221A223A2429ABSTRACTSINCESHENZHENISONEOFTHEMOSTECONOMICALLYDEVELOPEDCITIESINMAINLANDCHINA,THECITYSEDUCATIONALINVESTMENTISALSORELATIVELYHIGHBECAUSEOFTHEFORESIGHTANDSAGACITYOFTHEEDUCATIONBUREAUSLEADERS,IWASSENTASAFRONTLINEEDUCATORTOCANADAIN2001ANDUNITEDSTATESIN2004FORTHREEMONTHSOFOBSERVATIONANDRESEARCHATEACHLOCATIONWHILEINTHEUNITEDSTATES,IDIDANEXTENSIVECASESTUDYANDFIELDSURVEYINORANGECOUNTY,CALIFORNIATHESCHOOLDISTRICTINORANGECOUNTRYHASASIMILARECONOMICSTRENGTHASTHESCHOOLDISTRICTINLUOHU,SHENZHENBOTHHAVEMODERNIZEDEDUCATIONCONCEPTS,WONDERFULSOCIALCONDITIONS,ANDACOLORFUL,DIVERSECULTUREALLTHESESIMILARITIESPROVIDEDTRUTHFULNESSANDPRACTICABILITYTOMYCOMPARISONSTUDYINTHEAREAOFEDUCATIONMANAGEMENTPLANNINGPLANNINGISACRUCIAL,COMMONSENSELINKINSCHOOLMANAGEMENTFORBOTHCHINESEANDAMERICANEDUCATIONMANAGERSEDUCATORSINBOTHCOUNTRIESHAVEPAIDHEAVYATTENTIONTOTHISCRUCIALLINKDURINGTHEIRMANAGEMENTPERIODHOWEVER,MANY“PLANNINGEFFECTIVENESS”DISCREPANCIESWEREFOUNDDURINGTHISDATAANALYSISANDCASESTUDYCOMPARISONTHEFIRSTCHAPTEROFTHISTHESISSTARTSWITHADETAILEDEDUCATIONPLANNINGDOCUMENTFROMONEOFTHEORANGECOUNTRYSCHOOLSITSHOWSTHEQUINTESSENCEOFTHEAMERICANMANAGINGCONCEPTTHEEFFECTIVENESSOFPLANNINGAHEADTHISNOTONLYPROVIDESTHEMOTIVATIONANDTHEBACKGROUNDOFTHISTHESIS,BUTITALSOEXPLAINSTHERESEARCHPURPOSESANDMETHODSTHESECONDCHAPTERINCLUDESDETAILSOFTHERESEARCHPROCESSANDCOMPARISONSOFBOTHTHECHINESEANDAMERICANSCHOOLSSUBSTANTIALPLANNINGRESULTSTHERESEARCHWASDONEAROUNDTHE“PLANNING”TOPICTHROUGHMANYSITEOBSERVATIONS,KEYPERSONNELINTERVIEWS,ANDCASESTUDIESINBOTHCOUNTRIESTHERESEARCHESPECIALLYFOCUSESONTHEBENEFITOFPLANNING,AGREEMENT,RESULTSANDPROCESSTOPICSTHISSECTIONALSOCOMPARESANDANALYZESTHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENTHEADMINISTRATIONMETHODSINBOTHCOUNTRIESANDEXPLORESTHEIRADVANTAGESANDDISADVANTAGESITFOCUSESONPRESENTINGTHEPROBLEMSINTHE10ACTUALEFFECTSOFTHECHINESESCHOOLSPLANNINGASERIESOFINVESTIGATIONS,OBSERVATIONS,ANDINTERVIEWSGUARANTEETHATTHEFACTSAREFROMFIRSTHANDSOURCES,ANDENSURESTHECREDIBILITYOFTHISTOPICTHETHIRDCHAPTERANALYZESTHEINVESTIGATIONRESULTSFROMCHAPTERTWOITEXPOUNDSANDDISCUSSESTHEFOLLOWINGSIXAREASADMINISTRATIONMODELS,CULTUREVALUES,REGULATIONDEVELOPMENT,ADMINISTRATORSQUALITIES,MONITORINGANDCOORDINATIONMETHODS,ANDEDUCATIONUNCERTAINTIESTHISSECTIONSTILLUSESTHECOMPARISONBETWEENTHETWOCOUNTRIESTOACERTAINDEGREETOENFORCETHEOBJECTIVITIESOFTHEANALYSISTHECAUSESOFLOWPLANNINGEFFECTIVENESSINCHINESESCHOOLSARENOTLIMITEDTOTHOSESTATEDINTHISCHAPTER,BUTTHESECOULDBETHEROOTCAUSESTHEFINALCHAPTERFOCUSESONSOLUTIONSTOTHEPROBLEMIDENTIFIEDINTHEPREVIOUSCHAPTERSITALSOPROPOSESSEVERALRECOMMENDATIONSTOIMPROVECHINESESCHOOLSADMINISTRATIONPLANNINGINTHEFOLLOWINGTHREEWAYSHOWTOCREATEAN“EFFECTIVE”PLAN,HOWTOIMPLEMENTAN“EFFECTIVE”PLAN,ANDHOWTOASSESSANDIMPROVEAN“EFFECTIVE”PLANKEYWORDSSCHOOLADMINISTRATION,COMPARISONBETWEENCHINESEANDAMERICANSCHOOLS,PLANNING,ACTUALEFFECT1中美校内管理“计划实效性”的比较分析美国加州橙县地区与广东深圳罗湖区各五所中学的调查研究中美教育之比较是一个热门而又重要的话题。笔者在深圳有八年中学教育教学工作经验，并两次被派往北美进行实证考察，尤其近期在美国加州橙县地区较长时间的个案研究，现场访谈。在本研究中，笔者试图对如何提高学校管理“计划实效性”给出新的观点；通过和国外校内行政管理模式的比较研究，选取具有代表性的深圳罗湖区的东湖、翠园、文锦、罗外、行知中学，美国南加州橙县地区的SAGEHILLHIGHSCHOOL，NORTHWOODSCHOOL，TRABUCOHILLSHIGHSCHOOL，PORTOLASECONDARYSCHOOLANDLASFLORESMIDDLESCHOOL，在认真梳理调查材料的基础上，总结出我国计划管理实效上G4396在的G1260G2195和G993G17287，对G3272G13481“计划”G4649G5332的学校管理G10627G14422进行G1114一G1135G2033G8505G5617考，试图给出G6925进我国中学校内行政管理的G5326G16770。G3G3G3第一章绪论“计划实效性”研究的意义与论阈“计划”作G1038学校管理G10627G14422的重要G13464G6116，对中、美的教育管理者G7481G16840并G993G19488G10995，而G1000在管理实G17353中G18129G2475G2052G1114G5224有的重G16282。G1306在笔者的考察过G12255中，G3835G18339的调查G6980G6466、案G1375和访谈G17176料G18129G7186G12046G1114“计划效G11004”的G5052G3835G5058G5334。一、考察对比萌生写作动机深圳作G1038中国内地经G8994G7380G2469G17810的G3490G5078之一，G1075是教育G6249G17176G11468对较高的G3490G5078的。G1075G8503是G11013G1122G5078G4628G20058G4560的G17840G16277G2343G16794，笔者作G1038一G13459教育工作者，有G7438G1262G1820G2530G1122G21G19G19G20和G21G19G19G23年被选G17877G2052加G6355G3835和美国进行G1114G1038期G2520G989个G7388的教育考察。考察G6164在的加州橙县学区和深圳一G7691经G8994G2469G17810，具有现代G2282的教学G7477G1226，G11468对较G3921的G12050区G10627G3671和G5390G9884的G12239G8677文G2282G14406G5437。G17837一G2011G1038笔者G4649G5332两国在“计划”的管理效G11004上对比G3698加G1114G2499行性和G2499G1461G5242。G31、实证考察对比中美校内管理“计划实效性”G3G5415我G1216G2030G2030G17379上美国G7380G4512G20298美G1041的加州，G1427G6922G2052G1114美国G1166给我G1216的G12544一G1233G12048G10301G252G252一G1233长G17810G25G19G20041工工G6984G6984、G4506G4506G21647G21647的SCHEDULE。G13775G5332G11540G17837G1233G2414重的在美期间G7097G12255表，G2560G11540FAITHG13781师抱歉地解释G16840“因G1038电脑出G1114问题，其实我G5224该在你G1216G7481美之前就G2469给你G1216的，希望没有影响你G1216个G1166的学习计划的制定。接下G7481的几天我G1216还G2499以就G7097G12255安排中的细G14422进行讨论。希望能在G8503式2上课之前全部敲定下G7481。”G5415时我G1216的G1122头脑中还没有任何具体的学习计划。读G11540细致G2052每堂课、每一次参观的G2469车时间的安排表，我终G1122认G16794G2052G1114美国G1166管理理念G3G252G252PLANBEFOREHAND计划的G1820行高效。G3随G11540我实证考察的深入，G2011身体验G2052中美两国在校内行政管理理念和方式方法上的鲜明对照，“计划实效性”几个字充斥我的感官，让我有一种冲动要把G17837G1233调查继续下去并记录下G7481，期望“他山之石，G2499以攻玉”。关G1122“计划”的意义，列宁曾G16840过“任何计划G18129是尺G5242、准则、灯塔、路标。”3学校管理如同其他行业的管理一G7691，要加G5390工作的计划性。G11013G1122学校具有自身的特点G252G252育G1166的场G6164，而培养G1166是一种有目的的、长期的活动，有G1114体现方向和目标的计划，G1427能推动学校G6116员G1038之而努力工作和学习，鼓舞全校师G10995员工朝G11540预定的目标前进，起G2052激励的作G11004。G17837是因G1038学校工作具有G6984体性和G12255序性，有G1114计划就能把学校中G1166与G1166、事与事之间的错综复杂的关系明确起G7481，统一G2520方面的G8505伐，形G6116一个运作G8503常的有G7438体，起G2052一种协调作G11004。“计划”的重要性勿G5260G13634G11109，中美学校管理者G2376对其“实效性”有G11540G993同的解读和实G17353。【案例一、“开学第一天的意义”中美教育计划性差异的解读】开学第一天的计划性是美国学校管理实效的例证G3计划性督促美国学生进步的“无形鞭子”G3A8A9A10A11A12A13A14A15A16A17A18A19A20A21A22A23A24A24A10A25A26A26A27A28A23A29A30A31A32A33A34A26A26A30A35A20A36A37A38A39A41A43A29A44A10A45A46A47A48A49A32A50A51A52A53A51A52A54A55A56A20A34A57A58A59A47A51A60A61A62A54A63A64A65A66A67A68A20A69A70A38A39A55A71A72A73A74A75A51A76A28A73A58A77A31A34A78A79A51A80SYLLABUSA81A82A83A84A85A86A87A88A89A90A91A92A93A94A95A96ASSIGNMENTA97A98A99A100A101A88A89A102A103A104A105A106A107A89A108A109A110A111A112A113A113A114A115A116A117A96A118A119A83A120A121A122A123A124A125A126A127A128A129A130A131A132A89A133A134A135A95A123A136A137A132A138A139A140A89A135A141A142A136A143A144NOTHINGA145A146A147A148A149A96A150A151A152A153A154A155A156A152A157A118A157A158A96A121A159A152A160A161A162A89A123A163A83A157A164A165A98A166A167A168A169A89A83A120A170A171A172A173A174A136A125A175A123A136A96A176A177A178A179A180A89A115A181A182A96A183A184A185A186A187A188A189A190A117A191A141A192A193A194A195A89A196A93A84A85A197A198A99A199A170A200A201A125A202A203A204A205A205A206A207A208A209A210A211A210A212A213A214A215A216A217A218A219A208A209A210A211A210A212A213A214A216A217A218A219A220A83A175A123A136A96A221A222A96A223A224A225A91A90A128A226A147A123A227A228A229A89A230A228A229A90A123A163A83A157A96A114A231A128A232A233A234A141A89A235A236A237A117A149A238A152A239A240A241A188A242A89A243A134A244A245A230A246A100A247A248A90A125A249A250A89A251A252A123A177A253A254A242A255A230A195A0A1A198A238A89A220A114A166A161A2A147A96A3A4A4A82A83A147A5A96A6A7A125A82A224A131A144A230A175A123A136A23A123A83A157A96A82A8A128A9A833A10A11A12A13A14A15A16A14A17A18A19A13A20A21A17A22A13A10A11A24A25A17A26A27A28A29A30A22A31A32A33A34A35A221958A36A34A22A2