2014专四听力

-TalkHow to Succeed in Your Literature Class. Features of literature class(1) freedom with personal ideas encouraged. Three pieces of advice for literature class learners A. In advance for large lectures： greater progress and more (2) in the lecture for small lectures： (3) in open discussion target of literature class： general aspects of important books subtle differences of how stories are crafted drill in reading and (4) of huge amounts of information B.Closely method： reading all materials instead of (5) paying more attention to style and deeper intention instead of plots or (6) requirement of literature papers：focused and (7) benefit to paper writing： learning to defend personal interpretations with (8) evidence C. Questioningly not afraid of possible contradictions display of full thought in arguments with (9). The additional tip selection of a course with (10)Conversation One1. A Federal government.B Individual public schools.C The education chief.D Individual states and districts. 2.A Because it enables teachers to prepare for subject matter in more depth.B Because it can put students at a competitive advantage.C Because it is more suitable for current economy.D Because it is gaining increasing popularity in the US-3.A Extending school year can reduce the quality of the time in class.BExtending school year can interrupt family life.CExtending school year doesnt necessarily improve test scores.DExtending school year may increase the cost of schools.4.AMore learning experiences.BThe avoidance of summer learning loss.CMore time for teacher-student interaction.DReducing gap between the rich and the poor.5.AHe is strongly in favour of Miriams ideas.BHe is mildly in favour of Miriams ideas.CHe is strongly against Miriams ideas.DHe is mildly against Miriams ideas. Conversation Two6.A English Literature. B Computer.C Business Administration. D Finance.7.A The working environment was poor. B The job was boring.C The pay was rather low.D He disliked his employer.8.A Enthusiastic. B Perseverant. C Eloquent.D Cooperative.9.A Overtime work. B Regular work. C Work of leadership. D Varied work.10.A Doctors note is not necessary for a one-day sick leave.B Some employees used to take advantage of its loopholes.C All the terms in it are preferred to the candidate.D Paternity leave is as long as maternity leave when the first child is born.Limiting the Growth of Technology Throughout history man has changed his physical environment to improve his way of life. With the tools of technology man has altered many physical features of the earth. However, these changes in the physical environment have not always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the air and water is a danger to the health of the planet. Smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding countryside. The pollution of water is equally harmful. It is now necessary for man to limit the growth of technology in order to survive on earth.How to Succeed in Your Literature Class Good morning everyone, our topic today is about how to do well in your literature class in your college days. Literature courses and assignments tend to be extremely different from those of any other discipline because of their extreme subjectivity. This aspect is what many people tend to find most surprising and challenging in an academic setting. (1) I am not saying that you can throw reason and fact out of the window in literature courses，but von arc given much more intellectual freedom with your personal thoughts and ideas. Beginning with the “in advance” piece of wisdom. For large lectures students often think it is not that important to do the readings since they will not be forced to speak up and offer opinions. This is completely wrong. Why attend a lecture on a piece of writing that the professor assumes you have read? (2) You will take nothing away from the lecture and will not be able to make any sense of whatever notes you take, even if you read the material after the fact. (3) In small classes that have lots of open discussion，professors can always tell who has and who has not done the weeks reading. Dont think it wont affect your participation grade for the course. The entire point of a literature class is to engross a student in the general aspects of important explore many subtle differences of how stories are crafted, and to train the college scholar to read and (4) digest huge amounts of information. You wont do well in the course without making a sincere attempt to read and understand every assigned text. Next, make sure you read all material very closely. (5) Do not skim through seemingly unimportant passages of long novels, or read Spark Notes and think you know what happens in the reading. (6) These methods of “reading” leave you without any idea of the authors style or deeper intentions: they merely give you plot or surface meanings. Reading things halfway will be of no benefit to you when it is time to write your papers. (7) Literature professors usually want papers that are very sharply focused and detailed. (8) There is DO single answer or interpretation to most pieces of literature，but students must be able to read closely enough to defend a case with textual evidence that will support their personal interpretation. Finally，do not feel defeated if you find a piece of evidence in the text that seems to contradict the line of thinking you had developed about the piece of literature. (9) Literature papers and discussions should question every theory by offering counterevidence. As I previously said, clear-cut answers do not exist in any form of literature, be it poetry, fiction, essays, or even nonfiction. You must read all genres with a discerning eye，and instead of avoiding possible conflicts in your papers, use them to show that you have fully thought through your arguments.And the last piece of advice I have to offer： look at the reading lists of literature courses are considering so you do not make yourself miserable by spending a semester readingliterature you have no interest in. (10) Literature courses should be enjoyable, and their readings stimulating, so find one that interests you and begin analyzing everything!OK, today Ive given several tips to you regarding the ways of succeeding in your literature class. I hope they could help you get your hands on the class when you are ready to go. Thank you for listening.对话1W： Hello，Frank.M： Hello，Miriam. Hows everything going?W： Fine.M： Would you like to join me for a drink?W： OK, thanks.M： Any news recently?W: Oh，well，yesterday I read the newspaper and got very shocking news. You know，(1) its not the government that sets the calendar for our public schools. Public school calendars are set by individual states and districts. According to the news, our local school decided to keep students in class year-round with shorter breaks throughout，offering about 20 additional school days.M: Mm, (2) I heard that the education chief said in an interview that our current school calendar based upon the agrarian economy and the vast majority of the students in our country werent working the fields in the summers. So hehe thought it was really an outdated, outmoded model. It needed be changed.W: I dont agree with him. Extending school year seems so completely short-sighted to me, (3-1) More time is no silver bullet for reform. Take Miami-Dade County Schools in Florida for example, it used an extended day program for three years，but dropped it because they didnt see improvement in test scores. (3-2) Besides, it disrupt family life.M: Well, surely you must have to admit that we have a significantly shorter school year. Our students are going to school 180 days a year, generally. And if in a sports contest, one team is practicing three days a week and one team is practicing five days a week, the team that is practicing more is going to do better.W: But simply extending school time in and of itself will not produce the desired results.M: Well, yes. Mm; but, extending school time does bring some advantages. (4-1) It gives the students learning experiences that they might not be able to get over the summertime.W： But you ask the teachers and students whether, whether they reckon that extending school time brings them advantages. I think it goes without saying that no one wants to extend bad time. The teachers are fatigued at the end of the day, and the students are fatigued and unmotivated. The students need summer break to have a good rest.M： Yes, you are right. (4-2) But without those camps and other stimulating activities，something called summer learning loss occurs. Researchers estimate that low-income students can lose two months of math and reading achievement owing to a lack of reinforcement during the summer break. Its particularly true for low-income kids who dont have the opportunities that other kids have during those big breaks.W： But have you considered this? Extending the school day is very very expensive. The Miami-Dade program cost more than $ 100 million.M： Yes, you are right, (3-3) Really it can result in increased cost because more teachers, specialists, paraprofessionals, and other staff are deployed. But I think it can bring some some benefits to students and teachers as well, for example, umm，it allows teachers to delve into subject matter in more depth? (4-3) it builds in time for more teacher-student interaction； and, it makes it possible for students to spend more time on task.1.Who set the public school calendars?2.Why does the education chief support extending the school year?3.According to Miriam, which of the following statements is INCORRECT?4.Which of the following is NOT an advantage of extending the school year cited by Frank?5.What do we know about Frank according to the conversation?Conversation TwoW: Good morning，Mr. Smith. Have a seat, please!M: Thanks a lot.W: What is your major?M: My major is Business Administration. I am especially interested in “Marketing”.W: Have you received any degrees?M: Yes. (6-1) First, I received my Bachelors degree in English Literature, and then an MBA degree.W: Do you feel that you have received a good general training?M: (6-2) Yes，I have studied in an English training program and a computer training program since I graduated from university. I am currently studying Finance at a training school.W: Your resume says that you have had one-year experience working in a foreign representative office in Shanghai, may I ask why you left?M: I worked in a foreign rep. office for one year. (7) However, I left there two years ago because the work they gave me was rather dull.W: If you believe you are a good fit for the position, please talk about what kind of personality you think you have.M：(8 -1) I always approach things very enthusiastically. When I begin something, I don，t like to leave it half-done.W：And what are your personal weaknesses?M： (8 - 2) Im afraid I，m a poor talker. Im not comfortable talking with the people whom I have just met for the first time. That is not very good for business, so I have been studying public speaking.W：It is very difficult for somebody to see ones own weakness. Are you more of a leader or a follower?M：(9 -1) I dont try to lead people. (8-3) Id rather cooperate with everybody, and get the job done by working together.W: You know, most workers are working under great pressure. How about overtime work?M: Overtime work is very common in companies. (9-2) I can work overtime if its necessary, but I dont think