过去分词讲解与练习

1.作定语,2.作表语,4.作状语,3.作宾补,过去分词,单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。,Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.,Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.,过去分词作定语,1.单个过去分词作定语,通常前置，具有被动和完成的意义。,abrokencupawoundedsoldieranunexpectedguesttheexcitedcrowd,Acupwhichisbroken,Asoldierwhowaswounded,Aguestwhoisunexpected,Thecrowdwhowereexcited,agrownwomanaretiredofficer,Awomanwhohasgrown,Aofficerwhohasretired,2.过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。,aletterwritteninpencilthebookborrowedbyJackthemachinesproducedlastyearThisobject,discoveredalmostbyaccident,haschangedmachine.,=aletterwhichwaswritteninpencil,=thebookwhichwasborrowedbyJack,=themachineswhichwereproducedlastyear,=Thisobject,whichwasdiscoveredalmostbyaccident,haschangedmachine.,1.Welivedinthehouse_(我舅舅们修建的).2.Anymedicine_(服用)withouttheadviceofadoctorcancausetrouble.3.Wespenttwohoursdiscussingtheplan_(她制定的).4._(开水)5._(一个破碎的茶杯)6.three_(受伤的士兵),builtbymyuncles,taken,madebyher,boiledwater,abrokencup,woundedsoldiers,7.Mostofthepeople_(被邀请参加宴会的)werefamousscientists.8.Lessons_(易学的)aresoonforgotten.*_(易学的)lessonsaresoonforgotten.9.Thecomputercentre_(开办)lastweekispopularwiththestudents.,invitedtotheparty,learnedeasily,opened/started,Easily-learned,10.Aswejoinedthebigcrowd,Igot_frommyfriendsA.separatedB.togetherC.lostD.missed11.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallybe_bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay12.Thetelevisionisa_machine.A.newly-inventedB.new-inventedC.newly-inventD.newly-invention13._Englishisdifferentfrom_Englishinmanyways.A.Spoken,writtenB.Speaking,writtenC.Spoken,writingD.Speak,write,A,C,A,A,过去分词,作定语,A,过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。firstplayedin776B.C.=whichwasfirstplayedin776B.C.,TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.,Doyouknowthenameoftheplay_inthehallnow?A.tobeputonB.beingputonC.putonD.puttingon,C,B,A,A,4.Pleasedontforgethim.Heisoneof_.A.thoseinvitedB.invitedthoseC.thoseinvitingD.invitingthose,3.Iborrowedabook_byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite,1.Didyouattendthemeeting_yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheld,过去分词作表语,1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。,2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。,Theglassisbroken.TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.,Thewindowsareclosed.ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.,3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。,Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?Theygotveryexcited.,Shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult.,Hesquiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners.,HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?Well,hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisresults.,过去分词,作表语,C,该题考查分词作表语的用法。“topaysb.bythehour”计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：getburnt,gethurt,getwounded.,Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_bythehour.,A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay,2.Assoonasheenteredthecity,he_.A.waslosingB.gotlosingC.grewlostD.gotlost,C,D,C,3.Whathehasdoneisreally_.Nowhisparentsare_him.A.disappointing;disappointedatB.disappointing;disappointedaboutC.disappointing;disappointedwithD.disappointed;disappointingby,1.Theroomsare_,soyoucantmovein.A.paintedB.paintingC.beingpaintedD.tobepainted,过去分词作宾补,1.从时间上：表动作已经完成。come,go,fall,change(表位移,变化的不及物动词)Ifoundthecountrysidechangedalot.2.从语态上:表被动.Iwanttogetmyhaircuttomorrow.,过去分词,作宾补,1.表“希望，要求”的动词：want,wish,expect,wish,like,order+(tobe)done,Iwantthework(tobe)finishedbySunday.,Jimorderedtheroom(tobe)cleaned.,2.表“感觉，心理状态”的动词：,see,hear,feel,watch,notice,find,think+object+p.p.,Wesawthethiefcaughtbythepolice.,Peoplefoundthewaterpolluted.,make,get,have,keep,3.使役动词,Iwanttogetmyhaircuttomorrow.=Iwanttogetthebarbertocutmyhair.=Iwanttoletthebarbercutmyhair.,4.介词短语作宾补,with,without+n.+p.p.,Doyouknowthemanwithhishandstiedback?,Theyleftwithoutadishtouched.,Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands_behindshisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied,D,过去分词作状语,过去分词作状语，修饰谓语，大多说明动作发生的背景或情景，表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等。一般说来，这一结构的逻辑主语是主句的主语。,a、表示时间,Seenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.,Whenitisseenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.,b、表示条件,Keptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.,Iftheyarekeptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.,c、表示原因,d、表示伴随情况,e、表示让步,Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.,Astheyweredeeplymoved,thechildrenbegantocry.,Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.,Shewalkedoutofthehouse,andwasfollowedbyherlittledaughter.,Beatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.,Althoughhewasbeatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.,过去分词,1.作状语,C,1.该题考查过去分词作状语的用法。动词-ing或过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语应是主句主语。,2.“陷入深思”有两种表达法，A.LoseoneselfinthoughtB.belostinthought按句子提供的语境可用结构B.,_areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Having