数字电子技术（课件）

课程16004735数字电子技术（I）,Instructor授课：胡小平重庆大学通信工程学院CollegeofCommunicationsEngineeringChongqingUniversityBilingualLecturing(双语教学）,DigitalElectronics(I),2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,2,TextBook,英文改编版数字电子技术（第九版）；电子工业出版社DigitalFundamentals,NinthEditionThomasL.Floyd,ReferenceBook数字电路/逻辑设计；王毓银主编；高等教育出版社数字电路逻辑设计题解；华中科技大学出版社数字电子技术基础；阎石主编；高等教育出版社,DigitalElectronics(I),2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,3,CourseGeneralGoal:Understandthespecializedknowledgeindigitalelectronics;GettoknowsometerminologyinEnglishinthisarea;Learnhowtolearn;,GeneralStudyGuide:Listencarefullyandfollowmylectureclosely;Activelyparticipateinclassdiscussion;Makeuseofwebresourcesafterclass;UseMultisimsoftwareastoolstoverifyyouranswer;,CourseGeneralGoalandStudyGuide,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,4,TheCompanionWebsiteOn-LineStudy,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,5,GradingPolicy,Thefinalgradeisbasedonthefollowingitems:Classattendanceandparticipation;20%Homeworkhand_inandshortquiz;20%Multisimsimulation;10%Finalexam;50%,Specificpolicy:Deduct3ptsforeachmissingclass,award1ptsforeachquestionasked;minimumof10questions.Therearesomehandcalculatedexercisesaftereachlecture,whichisduewhenanewchapterstarts,plusthreequizzes,worthof10points.FiveMultisimsimulationstobefinishedinateamwiththreepeople.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,6,TheFinalRequirementafterLearningThisCourse,Giveyouafunctionaldescription,youshouldbeabletoapplythelogicdesignknowledge,comeupwithanimplementationusingprimitives(基本逻辑器件).,Trafficcontroldemo,signednumberaddition,Followingaresomeofthedesignexamplesthatyoushouldbeabletocomplete.,Digitalclockdemo,BinarytoBCDdemo,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,7,Chapter1Outline,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,NewandKeyTermstoBeRememberedAnalog(模拟的);Digital(数字的);Binary(二进制);Bit(二进制数位);Pulse(脉冲);Clock(时钟);Timingdiagram(时序图);Data(数据);Serial(串行);Parallel(并行);Logic(逻辑);,1-1DigitalandAnalogQuantities1-2BinaryDigits,LogicLevels,andDigitalWaveforms,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,8,Keyknowledgeinthislecture,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,Distinguishdigitalandanalogquantities;Advantagesofdigitaloveranalog;Understandpositiveandnegativelogic;Voltagerepresentationoflogiclevel;Digitalwaveformparameters;Usingdigitalwaveformtocarrybinaryinformation.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,9,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,DigitalandAnalogQuantities,1.Analogquantitieshavecontinuousvalues,Figure11Graphofananalogquantity(temperatureversustime).,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,10,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,DigitalandAnalogQuantities,2.Digitalquantitieshavediscretesetsofvalues,Figure12Sampled-valuerepresentation(quantization)oftheanalogquantityinFigure11.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,11,TheDigitalAdvantageOverAnalog,Digitaldatacanbeprocessedandtransmittedmoreefficientlyandreliably.Digitaldatahasagreatadvantagetoanalogdatawhenstorageisnecessary.Noise(unwantedvoltagefluctuations)doesnotaffectdigitaldatanearlyasmuchasitdoesanalogsignals.,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,12,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,TypesofElectronicDevicesorInstruments,1.Analogdevices,Figure13Abasicaudiopublicaddresssystem.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,13,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,TypesofElectronicDevicesorInstruments,2.Digitaldevices,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,14,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,3.Combinationofanaloganddigitaldevices,TypesofElectronicDevicesorInstruments,Figure14BasicblockdiagramofaCDplayer.Onlyonechannelisshown.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,15,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,TestYourUnderstanding,Aquantityhavingcontinuousvaluesisa)adigitalquantityb)ananalogquantityc)abinaryquantityd)anaturalquantity,Answer:b),2.Whichofthefollowingisnotananalogdevice?a)Thermocoupleb)Voltagesensorc)Lightswitchd)Audiomicrophone,Answer:c),2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,16,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,BinaryDigits,Theconventionalnumberingsystemusestendigits:0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,and9.Thebinarynumberingsystemusesjusttwodigits:0and1,eachiscalledabit,whichisacontractionofthewordsbinarydigit.Thetwobinarydigitsareusedtodesignatelogic0andlogic1.Forpositivelogic,0representsLOWand1standsforHIGH.Negativelogicisopposite.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,17,LogicLevels,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,Thevoltagesusedtorepresenta1and0arecalledlogiclevels.,Ideally,onevoltagelevelrepresentsaHIGHandanothervoltagelevelrepresentsaLOW.Inapracticaldigitalcircuit,aHIGHcanbeanyvoltagebetweenaspecifiedminvalueandaspecifiedmaxvalue.SoisforLOW.,CMOS:23.3V,CMOS:00.8V,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,18,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,DigitalWaveforms,DigitalwaveformsconsistofvoltagelevelsthatarechangingbackandforthbetweentheHIGHandLOWlevelsorstates.,Figure16Idealpulses.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,19,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,MajorPartsofaRealDigitalPulse,Figure17Nonidealpulsecharacteristics.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,20,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,WaveformCharacteristics,1.Periodicpulsewaveform,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,21,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,ParametersofaDigitalWaveform,tw=pulsewidth;T=periodofthewaveform;f=frequencyofthewaveform;,4.Thedutycycle(占空比)ofabinarywaveformisdefinedas:,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,22,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,ExampleofWaveformParametersCalculation,Giventhewaveformbelow,determine:a)period;b)frequency;c)dutycycle,T=10ms.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,23,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,TestYourUnderstanding,Thetermbitmeansa)asmallamountofdata;b)a1ora0;c)binarydigit;d)bothanswersb)andc),Answer:d),2.Thetimeintervalontheleadingedgeofapulsebetween10%and90%oftheamplitudeisthea)risetime;b)falltime;c)pulsewidth;d)period,Answer:a),2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,24,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,TestYourUnderstanding,3.Apulseinacertainwaveformoccursevery10ms.Thefrequencyisa)1kHz;b)1Hz;c)100Hz;d)10Hz,Answer:c),4.Inacertaindigitalwaveform,theperiodistwicethepulsewidth.Thedutycycleisa)100%;b)200%;c)50%,Answer:c),2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,25,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,Usingdigitalwaveformtocarrybinaryinformation,WhenthewaveformisHIGH,abinary1ispresent;Whenthewaveformislow,abinary0ispresent.Eachbitinasequenceoccupiesadefinedtimeintervalcalledabittime.,Notetheclockperioddefinesbittime,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,26,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,TimingDiagram(时序图),Atimingdiagramisagraphofdigitalwaveformsshowingtheactualtimerelationshipoftwoormorewaveformsandhoweachwaveformchangesinrelationtotheothers.Bylookingatatimingdiagram,youcandeterminethestates(HIGHorLOW)ofallthewaveformsatanyspecifiedpointintimeandtheexacttimethatawaveformchangesstaterelativetotheotherwaveforms.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,27,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,ExampleofaTimingDiagram,A,B,andCareHIGHonlyduringbittime7andtheyallchangebackLOWattheendofbittime7.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,28,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,DataTransfer,Datareferstogroupsofbitsthatconveysometypeofinformation.Binarydataarerepresentedbydigitalwaveforms.Binarydataaretransferredintwoways:1)serial;2)parallel;Inserialtransfer,dataaresentonebitatatimealongasingleline;Inparalleltransfer,alldatabitsaresentoutonseparatelinesatthesametime.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,29,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,IllustrationofSerialandParallelTransfer,Serialtransferrequiresonlyoneline,butittakeslongertime;Paralleltransferrequireslinesequaltothenumberofdatabits,butitismuchfaster.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,30,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,IllustrationonDataTransferCalculation,a)DeterminethetotaltimerequiredtoseriallytransfertheeightbitscontainedinwaveformAoffollowingfigure,andindicatethesequenceofbits.Theleft-mostbitisthefirsttobetransferred.The100kHzclockisusedasreference.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,31,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,SolutiontoIllustrationExample,a)Theclockfrequencyis100kHz,theperiodis,Ittakes10ustotransfereachbitinthewaveform.Thetotaltransfertimefor8bitsis,Thesequenceofbitstransferredis,Theleft-mostbitisthefirsttobetransferred.,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,32,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,TestYourUnderstanding,Determinethebitsequencerepresentedbythewaveformbelow.,Answer:10101110,Whatisthetotaltransfertimeforserialandparalleltransferrespectively?,Answer:serial8us;parallel1us,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,33,SummaryofLecture1,Ananalogquantityhascontinuousvalues,whenyousampletheanalogthendigitizethesampledvaluebyabinarycode,yougetadigitalquantity.Digitalquantityhasadvantagesoveranalogquantityindatatransmission,storage,andnoisesuppression.Logiclevels0and1correspondingtocertainvoltagelevelrangesrespectively,therangeisdependedonthespecificdigitaldevice.,Lecture1:DigitalconceptsandBasicTerms,2020/5/28,Chapter1DigitalConcepts,34,SummaryofLecture1,4.Realdigitalwaveformusesrisetimeandfalltimetodescribetherisingedgeandfallingedge.Getfamiliarwithsomeparameters.5.AperiodicwaveformhasperiodT,f