课件 初中英语语法讲座-定语从句

初中英语语法讲座,定语从句By-Zakzeng,【考点扫描】,（一）定语从句的功用和结构（二）关系代词和关系副词的功用（三）各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法,一.定语从句的功用和结构,1、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词,小小的感受一下,1、Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.2、Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?3、IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?4、ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.,（二）.关系代词和关系副词的功用,关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。,1.作主语,关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：Idontlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.,2.作宾语,SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.Thebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.,3.作定语,关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。Whatsthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.,4.作状语,IllneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.,三.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法,1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.,2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate？MrLee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.,3.whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.,4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.,5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。Ivereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews.Whoisthepersonthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?,6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。Illneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.,7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.,五.具体使用时还要注意下列问题,1.只能使用that,不用which的情况：,(1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。Allthathesaidistrue.,(2)先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时。Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.,(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.,(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.,2.只能用which，不用that的情况(1)在非限制性定语从中。Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.,体会一下中考,1.(2004年哈尔滨中考试题)-Doestheteacherknoweverybody_plantedthetrees?-Yes,hedoes.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.who,2.(2004年常州市中考试题)Theletter_Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that,3.(2004年扬州市中考试题)-Whereisthescientist_gaveusthetalkyesterday?-HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which,4.(2004年益阳市中考试题)Ihatepeople_talkmuchbutdolittle.A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.who,【满分演练】,1.-Whoistheman_wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?-Oh!ItsMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.A.heB.thatC.whomD.which2.Ihatethepeople_donthelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where3.Theforeigner_visitedourschoolisfromCanada.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which,9.Hestillremembersthedays_hespentwithyourfamily.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich10.Mr.White,_carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which11.Hegottothevillage_hisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where12.Thisisthehouse_Iwanttobuy.A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where,13.Thisisthehouse_ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where14.Hedidnttellmetheplace_hewasborn.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where15.Helivedinasmallvillage,_wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when,1.Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.2.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.4.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.5.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.,6.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.7.Themanwavedtous.Themanwasmyuncle.8.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.9.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.10.Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.,1.Thehouse_weliveinisverybig.2.Theboy_iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.3.Thisisthepresent_hegavemeformybirthday.4.Theman_talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_hehadvisi