MLA和APA写作格式

rubric of the course paper for American literature 美国文学课程论文MLA格式规则1.the thesis is written in English，including the citation。(全文用英语写，包括引文文献)。)，以获取详细信息2.what are some essential standard of a MLA paper？(MLA论文基本要求)type your paper on a computer and print it out on standard，White 8.5 x 11-inch paper . set the margins of your thesis to One-inethere is no space between the words and punctutions。(用12号新罗马字体排版，行距加倍。页边距为2.54厘米，16打印英语单词之间相隔一格的A4白色纸张。单词和标点符号之间没有空格。)，以获取详细信息3.How to Create a Header？如何编辑前缀？create a header in the upper right-hand corner that includes your family name，followed by a space with the page number；number all pages consecutvely with Arabic numerals(1、2、3、4)and flush with the right margin . omit the page number on page one(编辑页眉，将姓氏和页码放在右上角，姓氏和页码之间没有标点符号的空格。上边距为1.27厘米，右边距与正文部分对齐。)，以获取详细信息4.How to deal with the first page？处理第一页格式。in the upper left-hand corner of the first page，list your nameYour number and your classThe tutor s nameThe courseand the date . the date in MLA format should be written as day month year . “without comma between each word and the month s Hould not be abbreed .)be sure to use double space。(在第一页左上角垂直排列你的名字；学号，上课；指导教师的名字；课程名称日期(格式不是没有标点的日月年、月29日December 2011等缩写)5.How to write a title？标题怎么写？)the title is centered and written in 12-piont times new Roman font。the title is not bold，underlined，Or italicized . but use quotation mark Or italic(s)if your title includes works(an article(标题位于中央，用12号新罗马字体。标题没有黑体、下划线或斜体，如果标题中已经发表了文章，则文章部分用双引号表示，如果是书，则书部分用斜体表示。示例：Sybolism in Young Good Man Brown . 或Sybolism in Scarlet Letter。6.How to write an outline？概要怎么写？(you are not required to write an outline this time)。注：这次不用写提纲。)as for the outline of a MLA paper，there is A sample of outline on page 38 of the fifth edition of MLA handbook for writeers of research papers 33366c级： 1、2、3；D-级别： a、b、c、e-级别： (1)、(2)、(3)；f级别： (a)、(b)、(c)。(MLA论文的内容见MLA科研论文写作规范第5版38页的大纲：a级：大写罗马数字I，II，III等；B级：大写字母A、B、C等；c级：使用阿拉伯数字1、2、3等。d级：小写字母a、b、c等；级别e:用阿拉伯数字括起括号(1)、(2)、(3)。f级：用小写字母括起括号，例如(a)、(b)、(c).7.副标题怎么写？)as for the heading of the text，title the main sections (b-level)用另一种字体将文章的b级标题和主标题分隔为：(标题左对齐，单词首字为12号字体，其馀字为10号字体，大写主标题为“Young Good Man Brown”(居中)，级别b标题为“SYMBOLIC MEANING OF NATURE”(左对齐)。然后，用双倍行距分成行，开始正文部分；c级标题大写首字母是斜体，直接开始正文部分，不换行。如： C级标题Symblic Meaning of the Forest8.How to indent the first paragraph？段落怎么编辑？)indent the first sentence of each paragraph 0.5 inch . Microsoft word suggests using the Tab ky。(将每个段落的第一句缩进1.75厘米(半英寸)，并使用tab键。9.how many parts are there basically in a thesis？论文基本上要包括多少部分？)the thesis should have an introductory paragraph，body paragraphs for developing ideas and a paragraph for conclusion。(论文应由引言部分、论证部分和结论部分组成。)，以获取详细信息10.How to write the introduction？is it the introduction of the author or the introduction of the plot of the story？论文的介绍部分怎么写？是作家的人生介绍吗？是小说的梗概介绍吗？)No，The introduction is neither The introduction of The author nor that of The plot of The story you study。it is an introduction of the paper you are wri ting . it should set the context for the rest of the paper .it tells your readers why you are writing and why your topic is important。it ends with a th Esis statement which is the position you will develop and support throughput the paper .the thesis statement guides and controls your paper。(介绍部分不是你研究的文章的作者或作品的梗概介绍，而是你写的论文的一般介绍。它确定了整篇文章的基调，并告诉读者你论文的必要性和重要性；简介部分以一句话作为全文中心论点结束，中心论点是需要论证解释的观点，指导和控制全文，以确保整篇文章不偏离主题。)，以获取详细信息11.how to make the ideas of a long thesis easier for the reader to grasp？怎样才能帮助读者理解长篇论文？)if your thesis is a long one，you may want to write about how your paper is organized。this can help your reader to follow your ideas。(如果你的论文更长的话，引言后的下一段将介绍你论文的结构，使读者容易理解你的观点。)，以获取详细信息12.what are the elements for the body paragraphs？正文段落的元素是什么？)body paragraphs have these four elements : a transition，a topic sentence，Evidence and a brief wrap-up sentence。at the beginning of your developing paragraphs，makesure you have transitory words，Phrases or paragraphs to have each part connected logis(要注意从每个自然段落开始，将每个部分连接成逻辑整体的转换、短语或句子。每一段以一个中心句子开头，下一段用列字证明，句子和句子之间表示逻辑关系的单词、短语，最后用一句话概括整个段落，并与下一段自然连接。)，以获取详细信息13.How to quote in the text？课文怎么引用文献？)in-text citations occur after the quote but before the period。the author S/authors name/S go before the page number with no comma in between。I . e . a lone woman is troubled with such dreaams and such thoughts that she s afraid of herself so Me times(hawthorn e 431)。if you go on to quote the same work，put the page number in a bracket only . I . e . she s a blessed angel on earth；and after this one night I ll cling to her skirts and follow her to heaven(432)。在正文中引用文献的标注在引用句后、句号前、作者姓氏空白页码、中间没有逗号的情况下，如果在同一页上引用同一作品，则仅显示页码。14.use block quote when quotations Are longer than four-typed lines . block quotations begin on a new line，Are double-spaced and indented one-do not use quotation marks。the citation information(the author s name and the page number)follow .(如果引用的部分超过三行，则引用整个段落。整个段落参照其他行、双行距，从页面边界整体缩排1英寸(2.54公分)，并将引号来源(作者姓空白页码)加入结