初中英语宾语从句巧学妙记（共32页PPT）

英语巧学妙记,宾语从句巧学妙记,Iknowhim.,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾语从句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主句,（复合句）,2.Iknowwhoheis.,什么是宾语？,Iknowhim.Doyouhavethetime?Ithink(that)sheisbeautiful.Whydontyoupayattentiontome?,宾语,位于谓语动词或者介词后。,一、宾语从句的概念,从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.,二、宾语从句三要素,引导词（连接词）语序时态,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,（一）引导词,1,2,3,e.g.Ihear(that)_.Hesaid(that)_.Theteachertoldus(that)_.,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmoves,1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that引导的从句，表示陈述一件事实，主句谓语动词表示确定，不疑问；that在句中无任何意义，不充当句子成分，常省略。,aroundthesun,2.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,Iwanttoknow_.2.Askhim_.3.Iwonder_.4.Couldyoutellme_?,if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus,whether(if)hecancome,whetheritisgoingtorainornot,if/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme表示疑问不确定意义的词之后；从句句意完整，不缺成分。,whether(if)MrLiliveshere,1.在引导主语从句、表语从句时如：Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.Thequestioniswhetheritistrue.2.用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。Idontknowwhethertogothereatonce.3.当与ornot连用，或or提出两种选择时:Idontknowwhetherhesfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryoudliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.,注意：只能用whether不能用if的情况1,注意：只能用whether不能用if的情况2,4.在介词或dicuss后面：Imthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Wediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshop.5.与动词不定式连用(whethertodosth.)：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.6.为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句提在主句前。WhetherhewillcomeIamnotsure.,注意：只能用if不能用whether的情况,1.引导条件状语从句Ifherunsfast,hellgetthereontime.IllgotoseeyouifIhavetime.2.引导否定的宾语从句Tellmeifitisnotgoingtorain,please.,时态,条件状语从句：,主将从现,宾语从句：,根据需要用相应时态,ifwhether用法巧记,两个“是否”并不难，一般情况可代换。下列情况用whether,主表不定式or(not)。作为讨论介词宾，此时if不可跟。还有一点也得编，whether从句可提前。引导条件表“如果”，再也不可用whether。宾语从句若否定，whether一词不可用。,Practicetime,选择if/whether。1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.3.Iwonder_heiswell.4.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.5.Idontknow_togo.,if/whether,whether,whether/if,whether,whether,1.Heasked_.2.Doyouknow_?3.Heasked_.,whocouldanswerthequestion,whomtheyarewaitingfor,whosebikewasthebestintheclass,由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what引导的宾语从句,主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问代词引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。,连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,1.Doyouknow_?2.Pleasetellme_.3.Canyoutellme_?4.Couldyoutellme_?,主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。,whenwellhaveameeting,whereheis,howIcangettothestation,whythetrainislate,二、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.,2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idontknowwhathewantedtobuy.,主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）即：助动词不能放在主语前面。,Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?Whoisoverthere？,注：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：,eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?,做主语,做宾语,注意：否定前移,若主句谓语动词为think,guess，imagine，suppose,believe等其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式；其反意疑问句，疑问从句。,否定前移及反意疑问句形式巧记法,Idontthinkthisdressfitsyouwell,doesit?我认为这件衣服不适合你穿,是吗？Idontthinkyouareright，areyou?我认为你是错的,是吗？Idontbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday，willyou?我认为你今天无法完成工作,是吗？,我认为猜想有假不可信，提问宾从构反问。从句若表否定意，否定词语要前移。,Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.,三、时态,主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。,2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,Iknewwholivedthere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebackthenextday.Hesaidthathehadseenthemovie.,3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。,Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.Mr.Litoldmethesunrisesintheeast.,1.Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)3.Ihearthey_(return)italready.4.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)5.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise),willbe,goes,havereturned,hadbeen,rises,Practicetime,宾语从句巧记法,宾语从句要注意，时态引导词和语序。,时态问题看主句，现在时态可随意。过去时态用过去，客观情况要注意，主过从现要切记。,时态,1.时态问题,2.引导词问题,引导词,并不难，主句含义最关键。主表肯定意完整，that常用也可省。主表疑问不确定，另类词,要使用。从句句意若完整，if/wether不可省。从句若是缺成分，特殊疑问词来过问。,引导词,that,if/whether,特殊疑问词,3.语序问题,还有一项是语序，陈述语序要切记。如何对它来判断，助动莫放主语前,语序,()1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.ifB.thatC.weatherD.whether()2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which()3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontimetomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime()4.Doesanybodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that,D,A,B,C,Practice,()5.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation()6.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike()7.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive,C,B,D,()8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis()9.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina()10.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgo,B,C,D,将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketogoskiing?Heasked.4.Heisdoinghishomework.Hesaid.5.Hewillcomeback.Tomsaid.,Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.,Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?,Heaskediftheylikedtogoskiing.,Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.,Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.,6.Isshedoingherhomework?Jimasked.7.When