高一英语Unit 12Art and literature人教版知识精讲

高一英语高一英语 UnitUnit 1212 ArtArt andand literatureliterature 人教版人教版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Unit 12 Art and literature 二. 教学目标 掌握 Unit 12 词汇及词性变化 三. 教学重难点 掌握课文中的重点句型的结构、用法 Unit 12 Art and literature literature n. 文学 literate adj. 受过教育的，识字的 illiterate adj. 未受过教育的，文盲 comedy n. 喜剧 comedic adj. 喜剧性的 tragedy n. 悲剧 tragic adj. 悲剧的 local adj. 当地的 location n. 方位，位置 locate v. 寻找，位于，放置 I want to locate the city on the map. This factory locates in the countryside. power n. 力量，能量，权力 The power is out. electric power come into power trick n. 花招，把戏 play tricks on tricky adj. 有花样的，巧妙的，复杂的 series n. 系列 a series of miserable adj. 悲惨的 misery n. 悲惨，苦难 come across come about come out believe 与 believe in I dont believe him/what he says. I dont trust/ believe in him. habit n. 习惯 fall into/ form a habit of doing fall/ get out of a habit of doing stupid , foolish , silly stupid 笨，愚蠢，多用于对人表示不满时 foolish 与 stupid 相近 silly 指“天真，可爱” ，My silly child! 我的傻孩子！ 课文重难点： P80 READING It is a world of magic and wonders, a world where anything can happen. of 在此处是“full of”之意，再如：a distance of 10 m；后面是一个 world 的定语从句。 , and much of what happens is strange. 名词性从句 a boy with a scar on his forehead. with 的宾补，注意，英语中，介词 with 有宾补， 如：with sb. doing with sb. done with sb. prep. + n. with sb. adj. with sb. adv. Harry seems like a normal boy seem 与 look 充当系动词时的用法稍有差异， 注意：seem/ look like/ adj./ as if 但 seem that/to do 为 seem 独有 an unusual school where the students learn about magic. School 的定语从句 Harry learns more than magic in Hogwart. more than 的用法 如：He is more than a teacher to us. He hates him more than likes him. Harry also learns to be brave and to do things he used to be afraid of. things 的定语从句。后面省略了 that。 You must believe in what you do and who you are if you want to succeed in the world. believe in 词组， “信任” ，后面的宾语是两个宾语从句。 Where somebody is born and what a person looks like is not as important as what she or he grows up to be. 注意本句的翻译， “一个人的出生地和长相与他/她将来做什么并无太大关系。 ” P83 INTEGRATING SKILLS it was as if the creature was watching them. as if 引导的表语从句。还可以用在 look，seem，sound 等其他系动词后面引 导表语从句。 If only they could find a way to get to the room, or whatever it was, behind the wall. if only“但愿” ， “如果该多好” ，后面引导一种虚拟语气，用情态动词过去 时 如：If only he could be here. If only I could go abroad. It says on the statue that anyone who wants to enter the room must answer the question. 这里的 say/ read 表示“写着” ，前面的 it 指代后面的 that 引导的主语 从句。 P154 WORKBOOK Some stories are told as if they were true. as if 引导的状语从句，后面用的是虚拟语气，即用过去式表示与现在事实相 反的假设。 They have characters and creatures that are very different from us and do things that would be impossible for us. 此句中的 character 译为“人物” 。 we do much more than simply look at words on a page. more than 的用法 We help the writer by pretending that what we read is like real life. pretend 的用法。他的主要词组有 pretend to do 与 pretend that We pick up a book and lose ourselves in a good story, eager to find out what will happen next. lose oneself in或 be /get lost in，后面的 eager 做伴随状语。 Knowing how we feel when we read can help us become 动名词词组做主语 【典型例题】 例 1 Dont forget to return the dictionary to the library . _ . A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent （答案为 B，本题受 Dont forget 的误导，常误选 A。英语中的祈使句通常 表示将来要发生的动作，所以答语中的“我忘不了”实际上是“我(将)不会忘记” ） 例 2 I wonder if your sister will go to the concert . If your sister does , so _ mine . A. is B. do C. does D. will （答案为 D，本题受 If you sister does 中 does 的误导，常常误选 C。由 于条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以题中的 If your sister does 中的 does 实际上等于 will go to the concert , 所以“我妹妹也去”应 该是“Mine will go , too . ”） 例 3 You should throw the old newspaper into _ basket . A. a paper B. paper C. papers D. the papers （答案为 A，通常，paper 表示“纸” ，是不可数名词，前面不带 a，受其误导， 误选 B。但本题讲的是要将旧报纸扔进纸篓。 “纸”虽不可数，但“纸篓”是可数 名词） 例 4 Jenny _ have kept her word . I wonder why she changed her mind . A. could B. might not C. should D. would not （答案为 C，题中的 I wonder why she changed her mind 一句虽为迟到的信 息，但它说明 she changed her mind，也就是 she didnt keep her word，据 此可推断正确答案是 C） 例 5 He promised to come to see you . But he _. Ive been alone . A. doesnt B. didnt C . wont D . hasnt （答案为 D，本题若只注意到 He promised 而忽略 Ive been alone 这一 “迟到的信息” ，就会误选答案 B。Ive been alone 这一句表明，be 不仅过去 没来，而且现在仍没来，所以正确答案是 D） 例 6 Didnt you watch the football match yesterday ? _ . I would like to have seen it . A. Yes , I did B . No, I didnt C . Yes, I didnt D . No, I did （答案为 B，解答本题必须重视 I would like to have seen it 这一“迟到 的信息” ，它相当于 I had wanted to see it , 意为“我本想观看它” ，可见实际 上我没看足球赛，因此正确答案是 B） 例 7 She spent as much time as she could _ over her lessons . A. go B. to go C. going D. went （答案为 C，本题若抓不住 She spent much time _ over her lessons 这 个主题，就排除不了 as muchas she could 这个次要信息，就会误选 A。由主 体句可知，正确答案是 C。 ） 例 8 He hasnt come yet . What do you consider _ to him ? A. happens B. has happened C. happening D. to happen （答案为 B，本题要清楚 do you consider 是插入语） 例 9 So far this is the best way Ive thought of _ this problem . A. settling B. to settle C. by setting D. having settled （答案为 B，本题的主体是 this is the best way _ this problem。I ve thought of 是修饰 way 的定语从句，不影响主体句的答案的选择。 ） 例 10 Im busy now . Im sorry I cant help _ the flowers . A. to water B. watering C. watered D. waters （答案为 A，本题易误选答案 B，本题中 help 为“帮助”之意，后面应用不 定式可省略 to 作宾语） 例 11 Put the book in the same place _ you found it . A. as B. that C. which D. where （答案为 D，本题易误选答案 A 或 B，因为 the sameas 和 the samethat 经常被强调，而实际上 the same 修饰名词后除可接 as 或 that 外，还可以接 where , who 等引导的定语从句。分析一下题干，不难看出本题应用 where 引导 定语从句，因为所设空白在从句中作状语。故选 D） 例 12 Nylon is used to _ stockings . A. made B. makes C. make D. making （答案为 C，此题易误选 D，因为“be（get）used to 接名词或动名词”意为 “习惯于” 。但本题并非此意，谓语动词中的 use 为“使用”之意并且是被动语 态， “be used to do被用来做” ） 例 13 Make a mark _ you have a question . A. in which B. where C. that D. for which （答案为 B，此题易误选 A 或 C，原因在于错误地把本题分析为定语从句，误 译成“做一个你有问题的记号”。然而，本题系地点状语从句，应译为“在你有疑 问的地方做个标记”。所以引导地点状语从句不可用“介词 + which”的答案 A。 故应选 B） 例 14 Peter _ come with us tonight , but he isnt very sure yet . A. must B. can C. may D. will （答案为 C，题干后部的意思为“但他还不十分肯定”，由此推测他不是 “必须来”，不是“将会来”，也不是“能够来”，而是“可能来”） 例 15 The weather turned out to be very good , was more than we could expect . A. what B. which C. that D. it （答案为 B，which 才能引导非限制性定语从句。turn out to be 意为“结 果是”） 【模拟试题】 1. Would you lend me your pen for a while ? Certainly I _ . A. would B. should C. will D. shall 2. Could I use your bicycle ? Yes , of course you _ . A. can B. could C. will D. would 3. I have met _ people as Lei feng in China . A. many B. so many C. many such D. as many 4. Only when she got home did she find her necklace _ . A. miss B. to miss C. missed D. missing 5. Ive got an extra ticket for one of you . Oh , really ? Whom would you like _ with you , Tom or me ? A. to have go B. to have gone C. having to go D. having going 6. You _ the plant more water . It is dead . A. will give B. would have given C. must give D. should have given 7. I wish to be _ with him . Will you go up to your own room ? A. friendly B. alone C. down D. always 8. The play is often put on here , isnt if ? _ Only once five years ago . A. Yes , it is B. Yes , it isnt C. No , it isnt D. No , it is 9. _ from your office to here ! A. How far is it B. What a long way it is C. How far it is D. How long is it 10. Do you know _ of them ? No , I only know Mr and Mrs Tom . A. all B. both C. none D. any 11. He often leans over the fence and talks for over an hour with my father _ gardening . A. about B. while C. in D. as 12. John plays football _ , if not better than , David . A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as 13. The students are forbidden , unless they have the library cards , _ the reading-room . A. entering B. enter C. from entering D. to enter 14. With a quick kick the policeman sent the knife held in the robbers right hand _ . A. fly B. flew C. flying D. to fly 15. Lincolns stepmother did all she could _ him . A. help B. to help C. helping D. and helped 16. New ways have been found to prevent the river _ . A. polluting B. from polluting C. against polluting D. from being polluted 17. They did _ they could _ him . A. what ; help B. all what ; to help C. all ; help D. all that ; to help 18. We were all busy . _ of us went out for a walk . A. Not all B. None C. Nobody D. Not everybody 19. He has the same bike _ . A. as you B. as yours C. with you D. that you 20. The speaker raised his voice