高一英语上学期Unit3 Grammar学案牛津译林版（通用）

模块2 Unit3 Grammar过去完成时(The past perfect tense)含义：过去完成时可以表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或呈现的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。构成 ： haddone 被动式 ： had been done时间状语法：当状语从句中出现by、by the end of +过去的时间，主句一般用过去完成时1)He _ (wash) all the clothes by 6:00 this morning.2) By the end of last month, I _ (read) three books.3) By the 1987, he _ (work) in this school句型法：1）主语+过去完成时+when / before/by the time 引导的从句（从句用1）The thieves _ (run) away, when the police arrived.2）I had brushed my teeth, before he _ (get) up.3）I _ (finish) my homework by the time I had supper.2）This/ It was the first/ second .time+ that 从句（从句用过去完成时）This /It is the first/ second time + that从句（从句用现在完成时）1）That was the second time that she _ (see) her grandfather.2）It was the second time I _(visit) Shanghai.1. 主语hadhardly(scarcely)过去分词when(before)主语一般过去时。2.主语hadno sooner过去分词than主语一般过去时The headmasters _ no sooner_ into the classroom than I began very nervous.The headmasters _ hardly _ into the classroom when I began very nervous.注意：hardly、no sooner 放在句首，句子用部分倒装Eg.Hardly had the headmaster come into the classroom when I began very nervous.表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose, expect 等，用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算意图，意味“原本. 本来.”1)I _ (intend) to give you more homework, but I found that you were to busy.2)We _ (hope) to catch the early bus, but found it was gone.在宾语从句或间接引语中，如果主句是过去时，从句动作先于主句动作发生，从句用过去完成时“I got up early this morning”,the teacher said.间接引语_2）The monitor told me that everyone _ (do) well in the examination.3）The monitor announced that our class _ (win) the first place.语境判断法：John had to have his car repaired in a garage(车库） because it _ seriously.A damaged B was being damaged C had damaged D had been damaged解析：D。根据had to 可知修车发生在过去，车子损坏严重发生在此之前，即“过去的过去”，再根据“车子”与“毁坏”为被动关系，故用过去完成时被动语态。-Did Alan enjoying seeing his old friends yesterday?-Yes, he did. He _his old friends for a long time.A didnt see B wouldnt see C hasnt seen D hadnt seen解析：D。根据句中的did和yesterday，可知艾伦昨天看到了他的老朋友们，那么“很长时间没有看到老朋友了” 肯定发生在这之前，即“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。课堂练习1. By yesterday morning, he _(call) me ten times.2. I saw Lin Feng yesterday. We _(not meet) each other for five years.3. I returned the book that I_(borrow).4. He said that he _(know) her well.5. They _(do) the work by 11 oclock yesterday morning.6. The pop singers _(leave) when I got to the music hall last night.7. I _ (intend) to see you but I was too busy.8.-What were you doing when Jim phoned you?- I _(finish) my homework and was starting to take a shower.1. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests _ when he _ at the party.A. left； had arrived B. left； arrivedC. had left； had arrived D. had left； arrived2. We _ four thousand new words by the end of last year.A. had learned B. have learned C. learned D. will have learned3. The pen I _ I _ is on my desk，right under my nose.A. think； lost B. thought； had lost C. think； had lost D. thought； have lost4. Do you know our town at all? No， this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. had been5.When Mark opened the door, he saw a woman standing there. He _ her before.A. never saw B. had never seen C. never sees D. has never seen6.The news came as no surprise to me, for I _ of it earlier.A. hear B. heard C. have heard D. had heard7. I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I_ to a dozen other groups. (2020湖南)A. was giving B. am giving C. had given D. have given8. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he _ for the we