2020届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 7 The Sea讲练精品学案 北师大版必修3

Module 3Unit7 The Sea1.force vt.强迫，逼 n. 力，力量，兵力；武力【精讲拓展】force sb.to do sth./into doing sth. 强迫某人做某事force a smile强作笑颜force ones way through 强行挤过by force 靠武力，强行come into force 生效in force 有效【典型例句】The policemen forced the robbers to lay down their arms.警察命令强盗们放下武器。 朗文当代The thief took the money from the old man by force.小偷用暴力夺走了老人的钱。 朗文当代The force of public opinion is important.舆论的力量是很重要的。 朗文当代I forced a smile on my face.我强作笑容。 美国传统翻译句子我为形势所迫而不能来。I was prevented from coming by force of situation.2.sail vi. 航行，驾船，乘船【精讲拓展】sail for(船)驶向 make sail扬帆，起航set sail (for) 开航，出航 head for 朝前进，(船等)驶向leave for动身去 start for动身去set out for动身/启程去【典型例句】I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean infive days.我几乎不能想象彼得在五天内竟航行过了大西洋。 朗文当代The ship is sailing for England.这艘船正驶向英国。 朗文当代It is about an hours sail from here to Shanghai.从这儿到上海大约是一小时的航程。 朗文当代The ship will sail at noon tomorrow.这艘船明天中午启航。 美国传统The ship sailed_ south.A.The B.to C./ D.in解析：句意：船只向南航行，此处south为副词作状语。答案：C3.frighten vt.(使)惊吓；(使)害怕；(使)大吃一惊【精讲拓展】frighten o doing sth.用恐吓手段迫使某人做某事frighten sb.out of doing sth.吓得某人不敢做某事be frightened to do害怕去做某事be frightened at/by.对感到害怕即学即用【典型例句】The film we saw last night was very frightening.我们昨晚看的那部影片很令人恐惧。 朗文当代Dont be frightened of the dogit wont bite.别怕那只狗它 不咬人。 朗文当代She was frightened at the noise.她怕噪音。 朗文当代The police frightened him into making a confession.警方威逼他认罪了。 美国传统即学即用The film was so _that I was _when I saw it.Afrightening；frightening Bfrightened；frightenedCfrightening；frightened Dfrightened；frightening解析：句意：这部电影很恐怖，看到它我害怕极了。frightening为形容词“令人害怕/恐惧的”，frightened为形容词“(自身感到)害怕的，恐惧的”。答案：C4.persuade vt.说服，劝服【精讲拓展】persuade sb.to do sth.persuade o doing sth.说服了某人做某事persuade sb.not to do sth.persuade sb.out of doing sth.说服了某人不要做某事persuade sb.of sth.使某人信服某事persuade sb.that 从句使某人信服try to persuade sb.to do sth.advise sb.to do sth.尽力说服某人做某事【典型例句】She was not persuaded of the truth of my statement.她不相信我的话是真的。 朗文当代He tried to persuade them to come with us.他想说服他们和我们一起来。 美国传统We persuaded him out of his foolish idea.我们劝他停止他的愚蠢的想法。 朗文当代即学即用翻译句子我没能说服他按我所说的去做。I was unable to persuade him to do what I tect vt.保护【精讲拓展】protect sb./sth.from(doing)sth.保护不受的危害protect A against B 保护A不受B的危害prevent.(from)doing 阻止做某事stop.(from)doing 阻止做某事以上两短语在被动态中from不可省keep.from doing 阻止做某事【典型例句】The white blood cells protect the body from being attacked bydisease germs.白细胞保护身体免受病菌的侵害。朗文当代Vitamin C may help protect against cancer.维生素C可能有助于抗癌。 剑桥高阶We must try hard to prevent the war.我们必须竭力防止战争。 朗文当代即学即用That did not prevent_ on very well together.A.our from getting B.our gettingC.us to get D.us from going解析：句意：那并不能阻止我们和睦相处。“get on ”表“相处”此处是动名词的复合结构作prevent宾语。答案：B6.escape vi.&vt.逃脱，逃亡，被遗忘，被忽略；溢出【精讲拓展】escape from从中逃跑escape doing sth.逃避做某事There is no escaping the fact that不可否认的是；毫无疑问make ones escape逃脱have a narrow/lucky escape死里逃生；幸运逃脱【典型例句】Water escaped rapidly from the drainpipe.水从排水管中迅速流出。 朗文当代He narrowly escaped being drowned.他险些溺死。朗文当代His name escapes me(I have forgotten his name).我记不起他的名字。 剑桥高阶Theres no escaping the fact(that) we wont be able to completethese orders without extra staff.不可否认的是，如果不增添人手，我们将无法完成这些订单。 剑桥高阶即学即用In order to escape_，the thief hid himself among thetrees.A.killing B.killed C.to be killed D.being killed解析：句意：为了防止被弄死，那个小偷躲在树林中。答案：D7.recognise vt.辩认出；承认【精讲拓展】recognise sb./ones voice认出某人/听出某人的声音recognise sb.as.把认作；承认是recognise. to be 认为是；承认是beyond/out of recognition 使人认不出来【典型例句】I hadnt seen her for 20 years，but I recognized her immediately.我20年没见她了，但我还是一眼就认出了她。剑桥高阶I recognise that he is cleverer than me.我承认他比我聪明。 朗文当代He has changed beyond all recognition.他变得好像是另一个人似的。 朗文当代即学即用_him for years，Mary hardly_him.A.Not having seen；recognized B.As she hadnt seen；sawC.Having not seen；recognized D.Not seeing；knew解析：句意：Mary几年没看到他，几乎认不出他了。Nothaving seen为现在分词完成式的否定式作句子状语，表动作发生在recognized动作之前。答案：A8.sense n.感官，观念，道理 vt.感觉到，意识到【精讲拓展】make sense有道理；有意义，讲得通make sense of.理解，弄懂in a sense在某种意义上out of ones senses失去理性；精神错乱in no sense决不【典型例句】She claims that the system is at fault and shes right，in asense(she is partly right)，it could be improved.她声称现行制度有问题，从某种意义上说，她是对的，现行制度确有改进的余地。 剑桥高阶Does it make sense to let children watch such TV plays?让孩子看这样的电视剧有意义吗？ 朗文当代The code could not be made sense of by our experts.我们的专家也弄不懂这个密码。 朗文当代即学即用完成句子He seems to have lost his senses (失去了理智).He had a poor sense of right and wrong.(他不大分得清是非).9.search vt.&n.寻找，寻求【精讲拓展】search sb.搜身search for sb./sth. 寻找某人/物search.for. 搜以寻找search after truth 追求真理in search of 寻找，寻求in ones search for 寻找，寻求【典型例句】Michael went away in search of water to drink.Michael went away in his search for water to drink.迈克尔离开找水喝去了。朗文当代Firefighters searched the building for survivors.消防队员在建筑物中搜寻幸存者。朗文当代The men were searched for drugs and then released.那些男子被搜身，看是否藏有毒品，然后被释放。剑桥高阶即学即用完成句子他们在寻找走失的孩子。(1)They searched for the lost child.(2)They went in search of the lost child.(3)They went in their search for the lostchild10.attract vt.吸引；引诱【精讲拓展】attract ones attention/interest 引起某人的注意/兴趣attract sb.to. 把某人吸引到have an attraction for/of sb. 对某人具有吸引力be attractive to 对有吸引力的【典型例句】Her ideas have attracted a lot of attention/criticism in thescientific community.她的见解在科学界引起了很多人的注意/众多批评。 剑桥高阶Like attracts like.物以类聚。 朗文当代City life has no attraction for me.城市生活对我没有诱惑力。 朗文当代We need to make the club attractive to(interesting to)a widerrange of people.我们得让这个俱乐部吸引更广的人群。 剑桥高阶即学即用翻译句子为了吸引他的注意力，她穿了一身红衣服。To attract his attention，she was dressed in red.表示倍数的三种句型【精讲拓展】A is 倍数 as 形/副词 as BA是B的倍A is 倍数 形容词比较级 than BA比B倍A is 倍数 the 名词 of BA是B的倍【典型例句】The building is three times as large as the old one.这座大楼是旧楼的三倍大。This rope is three times the length of that one.这根绳子是那根绳子的三倍长。The house price of Shanghai is three times higher than that ofHefei. 上海的房价比合肥的房价高三倍。1.Are you satisfied with her answer?Not at all.It couldnt have been_.A.worse B.so bad C.better D.the worst解析：句意：“你对她的回答满意吗？”“一点也不，再也没有比这更差的了。”否定词与比较级连用表示最高级。答案：A2._him and then try to copy what he does.A.Mind B.Glance C.Stare at D.Watch解析：句意：看着他，然后尽量去跟着他的样子做。mind 表“介意”，glance表“匆匆一瞥”，stare at表“盯着看”，watch表“注视”。答案：D3.Did you give him the book?Yes，I gave it to him_I saw him.A.direct B.directly C.as soon D.moment解析：答语表“我一看见他就把书给他了。”directly在这里是连词，表“一就”。答案：B4.In the pub，the two old friends had a pleasant chat _ abottle of wine.A.over B.along C.with D.above解析：句意为：两个老朋友在酒吧一边喝酒一边欢快地聊天。over 表“在过程中”。答案：A5.It is a true story that took place in this village，_thatmost old people still remember very well.A.one B.what C.where D.that解析：句意为：这是一个发生在这个村子的真实故事，一个大多数老人仍记忆犹新的故事。one作story的同位语，后接一个that引导的定语从句。答案：A6.Roger is a good boy.I dont want him to _the bad habit ofnot handing in his homework.A.pick up B.pull down C.take down D.take up解析：句意为：Roger是个好孩子，我不想让他染上不交作业的坏习惯。pick up表“(自然、无意中)学会，了解，得到”，pulldown表“拆毁”，take down表“记下”，take up表“占据，开始从事”。答案：A7.We cant_one to change the habits of a lifetime in a shorttime.A.hope B.wait C.expect D.imagine解析：句意为：我们不能指望一个人在短时间改变他一生的习惯。无hope sb. to do sth.结构，imagine后接动名词，wait表等待。答案：C8.Books_ problems on computer are always bestsellingbooks.A.dealing to B.dealing with C.doing with D.doing for解析：句意为：涉及到电脑问题的书常常很畅销。deal with表“涉及”，do with表“对付，应付”。答案：B9.Now that you like the Lenovo computer，why not buy one?Well.I cant afford_computer.A.that expensive a B.a that expensiveC.that an expensive D.an expensive that解析：句意为：“既然你喜欢联想电脑，为什么不买一台呢？”“哦，我买不起那么贵的电脑。”that在这相当于副词so，a/an只能放在形容词与名词之间。答案：A10.All those secondhand goods are sold at_before.A.30% as lower price as B.as 30% low price asC.30% as low a price as D.30% lower price than解析：句意：所有这些二手货物都按以前价格的30%的低价售出。price为可数名词，在as.as句型中，倍数要放在第一个as前。答案：C11.He was absent for weeks.So he has a lot of homeworkto_.A.put up B.make up C.set up D.take up解析：句意：他几个礼拜没来，所以有许多功课要补。put up表“张贴，投宿”，set up表“建立”，take up表“占据，开始从事”，make up表“弥补”。答案：B12.The stick can as well be used _a pen to write with.A.for B.with C.as D.like解析：句意：枝条也可以当作笔来写。use.as表“(权且)当作来用”。答案：C13.A flying object passed swiftly over our heads，_soon inthe distance.A.disappeared B.to disappearC.disappearing D.only to disappear解析：句意：一个飞行物从我们头顶上急速飞过，消失在远方。用disappearing现在分词作结果状语，表顺其自然的结果。答案：C14.I dont suppose anyone will volunteer，_？A.do I B.dont I C.will they D.wont they解析：I think/believe/suppose/imagine接that从句，后接反意疑问句时，反意疑问句的主谓语要与that从句的主谓语保持一致，但要注意否定的转移。答案：C状 语 从 句英语中的状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果条件、方式、让步、比较九大从句。一、时间状语从句引导词有：when，as，while，since，before，after，till/until，once，whenever，every time，each time，the firsttime，by the time，the day，the year，as soon as，hardly.when，no sooner.than，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instant等。1.when(1)从句的动作可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。When I got to the station，the train had left.当我到达车站的时候，火车已经开走了。(2)主从句的动作可同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前或之后。When it rained，I went to school by bus.下雨时，我乘公共汽车上学。When I got home，he had done the work.我到家时，他已把事情做好了。They continued their way when the storm had passed.暴雨之后他们继续上路。(3)作为等立连词，意为“这时”，强调一个意想不到的事发生。I was about to start when it began to rain.我正要出门这时天开始下雨了。(4)引导时间状语从句，带有条件意味“如果，要是”。I cant tell you when you wont listen.你不愿听我就不跟你讲。2.while(1)从句的动词必须是延续性的。We waited while he dined.他吃饭时我们等着。(2)强调某一段时间主句和从句的动作在同一时期发生。While we were having our class，Mr.Li came in.我们上课的时候，李老师进来了。(3)当转折连词“然而”，有对比之意。You like sports while I like reading.你喜欢运动而我喜欢看书。3.as(1)表示一个人的两个动作交替或同时进行，“一边，一边”。She dances as she sings.她边唱边跳。(2)表示两个同步发展的情况，有逐步的过程“随着”。As time went on/by，she became more and more worried.随着时间的推移，她变得越来越焦虑。(3)表两个短促行为或事件几乎同时发生。I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.正当你开口说时，我想出来了。4.since(1)表主句的动作从过去的某一点时间持续到现在，从句常用过去时，主句常用现在完成时。Tom has lived here since he came to this city.自从Tom来到这个城市就住在这儿。(2)since后只能接点时间，不接段时间，且跟点时间时，只能接持续性动词作谓语。He has been away from Hangzhou since last Monday.自上星期一，他就离开了杭州。(3)句型：It is段时间since从句，从句动词用过去式，It was段时间since从句，从句动词用过去完成式。It was twenty years since she had left for America.她到美国已二十年了。(4)若since从句的谓语是延续性动词或状态动词，则要从该动词所 表示的动作或状态结束时算起。It is two years since we studied English.我们学英语已两年了。Each time I called on him，he was busy with his work.每次我去看他时，他都在忙。By the time you get there，it will be dark.当你到那儿的时候，天就会黑了。His father died the year he was born.他出生的那年，他的父亲去世了。二、地点状语从句引导词有：where，wherever，everywhereI found the pen where I had left it.我在原来放笔的地方找到那支笔。You must be firm，where you think yourself to be right.你认为自己是对的，你就一定要坚持。三、原因状语从句引导词有：because，as，since，now that(既然)because语气最强，是全句最重要部分。as，since语气较弱，as主从并重，从句说明原因，主句说明结果，而since常表示显然或已知的理由。Since everyone is here，lets start.既然都到了，我们就开始。As it was late，I had to go.不早了，我得走了。He was scolded because he was late.因为迟到，他受到了责备。四、目的状语从句引导词有：so that，in order that，in caseso that/in order that引导目的状语从句时，从句中常接情态动词may，might，can，could，will，would等。They set out early so that they might arrive at the station ingood time. 他们动身早以便于及时到达车站。Take your umbrella in case it rains.带把伞以防天下雨。五、结果状语从句引导词有：so that，such.that，so.thatHe spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.他说得快结果我没听懂。It was such a good day that we all went swimming.天气很好我们所有人都去游泳了。六、条件状语从句引导词有：if，unless，so long as/as long as，only if，incase(万一)，on condition that，suppose，supposing，provided，providing等If you will go，please tell me.要是你愿意去，请告诉我一声。Suppose he is absent，what shall we do？倘若他不在，我们该怎么办？七、方式状语从句引导词有：as，as if/thoughI work as others do.我会照别人的样子去做。He walked as if he were drunk.他走起路来好像喝醉了似的。八、让步状语从句引导词有：though，although，as(尽管)，even if/eventhough，whether(无论，不管)，while(尽管)no matter疑问词等While they are my neighbours，I dont know them well.尽管他们是我的邻居，但我不太了解他们。Whether he comes or not，we will not go there.不管他来不来，我们不会去那的。He didnt stop working though he was ill.尽管他病了，但他没有停止工作。九、比较状语从句引导词有：as.as；not so/as.as；than；the比较级，the 比较级。(1)在as.as句型中，第一个as后用形容词、副词原级；在第一个as前可加上程度状语quite，almost，nearly，just，threetimes，exactly，half等。Our room is twice as big as yours.我们的房间是你的房间两倍大。I havent seen as/so old a car as that.我没看过那么古老的车。(2)than引导的比较状语从句注意点a.比较的对象要一致The climate of Kunming is better than that of Beijing.b.比较级前可加上much，still，even，far，a lot，a little，any，three years,20%，yet，a bit等修饰。He is a head taller than I.他比我高一个头。Tom is no more diligent than Mary.Tom与Mary一样地不勤奋。(全否)Tom is not more diligent than Mary.Tom没有Mary勤奋(全肯，程度不一)c.一个人或物两种性质的比较，用more.than“与其说，不如说”。Shes more shy than unfriendly.与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。d.比较级中的被比较对象与比较对象必须是属于互为分离的两个范围。Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.上海要比中国其它城市要大。Shanghai is bigger than any city in Africa.上海要比非洲任何城市要大。1._，and you can see the whole city of Nanjing clearly.A.If you climb to the hillB.Unless you reach the top of the hillC.Get to the top of the hillD.Standing on the top of the hill解析：有and 连接是并列句。A、B都是从句，D为分词作状语。答案：C2.Tired_ he was，he decided to finish the task.A.because B.since C.if D.as解析：as(尽管)引导让步状语从句，从句需倒装。将句子的表语副词、动词提到句首。表语是单数可数名词，冠词省略。答案：D3.Trees must be planted_there is a lot of sunlight.A.in which B.that C.which D.where解析：where引导地点状语从句，表“在地方”。答案：D4.I recognized you_.A.I saw you the momentB.I saw youC.the moment I have seen youD.the moment I saw you解析：the moment表“一就”引导时间状语从句。答案：D5.There is _ that I cant finish it in a week.A.so many work B.so much workC.such many work D.such much work解析：“so.that”引导结果状语从句，work为不可数名词，前有many/much，little/few修饰时不能用such。答案：B6.Although he is a boy，_he speaks English well.A.but B.so C.yet D.while解析：although不能与but连用，但可与yet/still连用。答案：C7._he succeeds or fails，we should help him to do it.A.No matter B.Whether C.If D.How解析：whether引导让步状语从句，表“无论，不管”，nomatter疑问词也可引导让步状语从句。答案：B8._youve got a chance，you might as well make full use ofit.A.When B.Since C.Then D.There解析：since引导原因状语从句，表“既然”，C、D不引导从句。答案：B9.We wont give up_we should fail ten times.A.even if B.since C.whether D.until解析：even if引导让步状语从句，表“即使”。答案：A10._we get good weather，it will be a successful holiday.A.Provided B.Even if C.Although D.Unless解析：provided引导条件状语从句，表“如果”。答案：A1.Its five years since I lived in Beijing._A.Were you used to living there?B.Where are you living now?C.Are you to stay there longer?D.Did you often go there?解析：since引导时间状语从句的时间应从该动词动作结束时算起。该句意为：“我不住在北京已五年了。”答案：B2.It was ten years_ things returned to normal.A.before B.after C.since D.that解析：此句意为：“一切恢复正常前过了十年”即“十年后一切恢复了正常”，填since要注意，主句用was过去式，从句动词必须用过去完成式。答案：A3.We knew she wasnt Eng