2020高考英语 复习资料之难点讲解大全难点18 灵活多用的动词不定式

难点18 灵活多用的动词不定式动词不定式是高考的必考内容之一，其考查内容多且复杂，高考中常考查不定式作主语、状语、宾语、补语、表语和插入语；不定式的时态和语态，主动表示被动意思等；动词不定式符号“to”的省略也在考查范围之内。难点磁场1.()There are five pairs_,but Im at a loss which to buy.A.to be chosen from B.to choose fromC.to choose D.for chosing2.()_late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm.(2001京、皖、蒙春季高考)A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having slept3.()It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows_. (NMET 2002)A.it what to do with B.what to do it withC.what to do with it D.to do what with it案例探究1.Robert is said_ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to studyC.to be studying D.to have been studying命题意图：考查动词不定式的时态（完成式）的用法。此题属五星级题目。知识依托：不定式的完成式表示的动作通常在谓语所表示的动作（或状态）前已完成，强调动作发生在过去。错解分析：C、D项干扰较大。若选C项，but后句子应改为but I dont know what country he is studying in.若选D项，应改为：but I dont know what country he has studied in.解题方法与技巧：由题干“I dont know what country he studied in”可得知“他在国外学习这一动作发生在过去”。故答案为A。答案：A2.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult.A.not make B.not to makeC.not making D.do not make命题意图：考查不定式作表语。此题属四星级题目。知识依托：句子的表语是两个并列比较的不定式；to do A和to do B两个不定式作比较。后者“to”不可省略。错解分析：A项干扰性较强，但应掌握to do A和to do B两个不定式作比较，后者to不可省略。解题方法与技巧：分清句子的基本结构。答案：B3.Ive worked with children before,so I know what_ in my new job.(NMET 2000)A.expected B.to expectC.to be expecting D.expects命题意图：考查疑问词加不定式的用法。此题属四星级题目。知识依托：疑问词加不定式可以作主语、表语及用在某些动词后作宾语，相当于名词性从句。这些动词有ask,discuss,decide,explain,forget,find out,know,learn,remember,show, tell,wonder等等。what to expect相当于what I will expect。故答案为B。答案：B4.He tried many times to sneak across the border to a neighbouring country,_ each time.A.having been caught B.unfortunately caughtC.always being caught D.only to be caught命题意图：此词考查动词不定式作结果状语的用法。此题属五星级题。知识依托：现在分词和不定式都可作结果状语，前者表示的是顺理成章，自然而然的结果；而不定式作结果状语，有两种情况：用来表示“意想不到、突然的结果”。用于某些结构中，如“tooto,soas to”。例：He hurried to the station,only to find the train had left.(意想不到的结果）答案：D锦囊妙计1.动词不定式也有时态和语态的变化，需牢牢掌握。2.不定式作定语，应注意：不定式所修饰的名词或代词和不定式能构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式用主动形式。例：Tom is the right man to do the work.3.不定式与所修饰的词能构成逻辑上的动宾关系；又与该句主语构成主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。如：Ive got something important to do.4.在feel,hear,listen to,make等感官动词或使役动词后，常用不带to的动词不定式作宾补，但变被动时，需加上“to”。歼灭难点训练1.()The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him_.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to2.()I lost my way in complete darkness and,_ matters worse,it began to rain.A.made B.having made C.making D.to make3.()They had nothing else to do but_ a doctor.A.call for B.to send C.to call on D.send for4.()Tom did whatever he could_ those who were in trouble.A.to help B.help C.helping D.do help5.()The way they talked_ the problem seemed impossible.A.about settling B.to settleC.of settling D.about to settle6.()Every minute is made full_ of_ our lessons well.A.to use;study B.use;studyingC.use;to study D.used;studying7.()Have you anything_ there.No.Thank you just the same.A.shoul