天津市2020年高考英语一轮复习 语法专项之定语从句精讲学案（无答案）

定语从句 一个句子充当了定语，那么这个句子就叫定语从句可以充当定语的1 adj a beautifu girl2 n. An apple tree3介词短语 a girl in red.4 非谓语 doing 表主动，表进行 Done 表被动，表完成 To do 表目的，表将来 非谓语作前置定语 a falling leaf 一片正在飘落的叶子 A fallen leaf 一片已经飘落的叶子 非谓语作后置定语 a girl speaking french. A film called Tatanic The meeting to be held in 3 hours is very important.定语从句： he is a man who comes from England. 先行词 关系词 从句关系词： 关系代词: which that who whom as whose 关系副词:when where why关系代词指代定语从句成分可否省略who人主关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略whom人宾whose人，物（的）定+名词which物主，宾that人，物主，宾as人，物主，宾关系副词指代定语从句成分可否省略when时间 介词+which做时间状语不可省略where地点 介词+which做地点状语why原因 for+which做原因状语填写关系词的三个步骤1先确定定语从句部分2 找先行词3 把先行词带入定语从句中， 看其在定语从句中充当什么成分4确定关系词详解一当先行词是人时 且先行词在定语从句中作主语时， 用 who/ that 且先行词在定语从句中作宾语时, whom/that/不填/who 且先行词在定语从句中作定语时， 用whose Eg she is a girl _ speaks french. I give an apple to her _everyone likes very much. We all like the girl _ french speaks very well.二 当先行词是物时 且先行词在定语从句中作主语时， 用 which/ that 且先行词在定语从句中作宾语时， 用which/that/不填 且先行词在定语从句中作定语时， 用whose. Eg. I cant find my pen_ is my favorite. I like the cake _ my mother made this morning. I like the room _ windows face south.三 关系副词 when / where/ why = 介词+ which （在定语从句中作状语）（at 10 oclock, in the room, for this reason, in this way）时间I wont forget the days _ we studied together.I wont forget the day_ we spent together.地点I visited the factory _ my father worked ten years ago.My father works in a factory _ i visited last week.原因I dont accept the reason _ he give me.This is the reason _ he is late for school.This is the reason _ i dont accept.This is the reason _ is unreasonable.(不合理的)四 介词+ 关系词 先行词是人，介词+whom, 先行词是物，介词+which附:介词后面不能用that 逗号后面不能用that 介词后面不能用whoEg 物I bought 3 books, 2 of _ are story booksI bought 3 books, and 2 of _ are story books. A which B them C that D 不填人Here comes 5 girls, 2 of _ are my friendsHere comes 5 girls, and 2 of _ are my friendsinA whom B Who C them D which五 先行词是物时，只能用that的情况（不能用which） 1 当先行词是all, little, much, more,everything, anything, nothing等不定 代词时EgTom told his mother all _ had happened. 2 当先行词本身是序数词，形容词最高级或者先行词呗这些词修饰时This is the best book _ I have ever read 3 当先行词被the only, the very, the last, only, all, any ,no修饰时This is the only book _ i can find I want to read all the books _ were written by mary. 4当先行词既是人又是物时I often meet tom and his dog _look friendly to each other. 5当主句是以which 开头的特殊疑问句时，为了避免重复，必须用that Which is the hotel _ you like best?六 定语从句中几个特殊的词thatIn which 1 way 方式，方法 不填I dont like the way _ is violent.I dont like the way _ he tells meI dont like the way _ he speaks to me.2 当先行词是表示抽象的模糊性的地点时， 关系词一般情况下用where/介词+ which, 特殊情况下具体问题具体分析。如point, stage, period, situation, activity, scene, case,spot,atmosphere.Eg Tom is at the turning point _ he doesnt know how to choose his life way.I dont want to face the situation_ is uncomfortable for me.I dont want to face the situation _ i feel uncomfortable.七 限制性定语从句： 不带逗号 非限制性定语从句：带逗号， 不能用that，不能有who代替whom,关系词不能省八as 和 which 在限制性定语从句中 as指代代词、名词， 常用于一些固定 的结构the same .as, such.as, as many/much.as. Which 指代名词，代词，整个句子 在非限制性定语从句中 As指代整个句子；有正如.的意思，句首，句中 Which指代名词，代词，整个句子，没有正如.的意思， 放句首。Tom gave me an interesting story book, _is my favorite._ is the often case, mary is late for school._ is known to us, the earth goes around the sunHe won 3 games, _ suprised all us.九he is one of the students who have passed the exam.(从句的谓语动词和先行词保持一致) He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam十练习 Our boss will choose a person, _ he thinks is qualified for the job.A who B Whom C whoever D that.1 插入语 think, believe, suppose插入语时，都是“认为”之意，表示强调语气，分析句子时，可先把插入语删掉。2 分析句子时，找主干：两个逗号之间的东西可删掉； 主语-谓语-找固定结构I, who_crazy about music, want to go to art school.Aam B are C is D不填高考天津卷直击：（2020年，15题）the boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere_ his employees enjoy their work.A where B which C when D who (2020年，12题)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,_ uses it differently.A all of which B each of which Call of them D each of them(2020年，6）we have launched another man-made satellite,_ is