新版牛津英语八年级下Unit5-8复习

Unit 5 Save the endangered animals 在野生环境中in the wild 一种a kind of 出生时at birth 在.和.之间between.and.独自on ones own 为.感到遗憾feel sorry about 几乎，接近close to 纪念in memory of 擅长become/be good at 飞离fly away 听说hear of 入睡fall asleep 至少；起码at least .的数目the number of 砍到cut down 保护某人或某物免受.protect sb /sth from /against 生孩子；产仔give birth to 知悉；了解learn about 独立地，独自地ononesown=byoneself达到upto在野外inthewild其余的therestof对.残忍becruelto不但.而且notonly.butalsoUnit5语法讲解：1. Itis+adj+forsb.(n.名词/pron.代词)todosth.表示做某事对某人来说很adj.句中的adj.应该是对这件事的评价。这句型可用的形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价。这类形容词有:difficult；convenient；important；(im)possible；hard；possible；dangerous；necessary；easy.。练习：对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险Itsvery_childrentocrossthebusystreet.对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难Its_ustofinishthework.拥有健康的饮食习惯对我们来说很必要Its_ustohavehealthyeatinghabits.保护环境对我们来说很重要Its_ustoprotecttheenvironment.2. Itis+adj+ofsb.(n.名词/pron代词)todosth.表示某人做某事是adj.句中的adj.应该是对这个人做这件事的评价，形容词多用形容人的。这句型可用的形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格，品质的。这样的形容词有：bad；brave；careless；clever；cruel；silly；foolish；generous；good；kind；mean；polite；right；rude；wise；wrong.。练习：你离开他是很明智的。Itis_youtoleavehim.你能帮我，真好。Itsvery_youtohelpme.你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。Its_youtoworkoutthemathsproblem.注意区别：Ofsb.的句型通常都可以转换为不定式作状语的句子，但forsb.句型不可以。如：Itsveryniceofyoutooffermeaseat.=Youarenicetooffermeaseat.Itiscarelessofhimtolosesomanythings.=Heiscarelesstolosesomanythings.练一练：Itskindofyoutohelpme.= . .=Youarerighttodothat.3. adj.+enough+(not)todo足以adj.（而不）去做某事。enough是副词，修饰前面的形容词，表示程度，enough后面的动词不定式表示结果。因此，“形容词+enough+动词不定式”结构可以用“so.that.”结构改写。Johnisstrongenoughtocarrythebox.=Johnissostrongthathecancarrythebox.练习：他足够大以至于能完成这项任务。Heis_finishthistask.他足够聪明可以顺利地做一名领导者。Heis_bealeader.Itisdifficultenough_thisproblem.(workout)Heisrichenough_thisnewcar.(buy)Sheisprettyenough_thegentlemen.(attract)Unit 6Unit 6 Pets使牙齿发出喀嚓声click ones teeth 一小部分a small number of 正面交锋head to head 更为重要的是Whats more 养宠物狗keep pet dogs 除了.别无选择have no choice but to do 关于某事的观点opinion on sth 四处只有走动run free 抱住某物hold sth in ones arm 投诉某人某事make a complaint to sb about sth 看见某人做某事see sb do sth 回应投诉respond to complaints 从.学习learn.from.对.忠诚be faithful to 根据according to 死于die of 照顾；照料care for 继续做某事keep on doing sth 朝.吠叫bark at 金鱼缸fish tank 防止某人做某事stop /keep sb from doing sth 懒散度日lie around 语法（副词）：一 副词的定义：副词用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词等，使它们的意思更清楚、更准确、更完整，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等。yesterday昨天 here这儿 often经常 quite很 quickly快速 happily幸福地二 规则副词级的构成：1.副词的比较级形式是在副词末加-er或其前面加more；最高级形式是在词末加-est或在其前面加most。形式变化一般有如下规则：（总结？）fast hardlate drybig thin hot happy simple clever narrowcarefully quickly difficult beautiful 巧记比较等级构成：“比较”与“最高”，“单音”加后缀；-er是“比较”，-est是“最高”。原级结尾若是e，只加-r或-st。重读闭音节，辅音要成对，其它多音节，加词不加缀。辅音若加y，y变i加后缀。y若是后来加，不在此规内。2.不规则形容词的级的构成不规则形容词的级的变化是不规则的，只能记住。good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworst Many/muchmoremost Farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest oldolder /elderoldest/eldest 三 常见的容易混淆的副词：1. late 与latelylate意为“晚；晚”；lately 意为“最近”。例如：You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。I havent seen Mary lately. 我最近没有看到Mary。2. wide与widelywide表示空间宽度；widely意为“广泛地”。例如：He opened the door wide. 他把门大开着。English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内被广泛使用。四 常见的兼做形容词与副词的单词及其比较级和最高级形式：单词比较级最高级词性及释义例句hardharderhardestadj. 困难的，坚硬的The pine nut is very hard.adv. 用力地，努力地Dont hit so hard!highhigherhighestadj. 高的That is a high building.adv. 在高处The kite is flying high in the sky.earlyearlierearliestadj. 早的Lets make an early start tomorrow.adv. 早；较早I woke up early this morning.farfartherfarthestadj. 远的I saw her on the far side of the road.adv. 远He looked down at the traffic far below.well betterbestadj. 身体健康的I am very well today.adv. 好；对The kids all behaved well.loudlouderloudestadj. 大声的The music is too loud. Please turn it down.adv. 大声地He spoke loud enough. Everyone in the room could hear what he said.五 英语中形容词变副词的方法：1.在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:real-really;helpful-helpfully;quick-quickly;2.以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily;angry-angrily;easy-easily3.以e结尾的形容词变副词时，一般有以下三种情况：一般情况下，直接在后面加ly,如：completely，strangely等；以-ble结尾的形容词，将-ble变成bly.如：possibly，probably等；去掉e,加ly的情况极少数，truly是比较常见的。口诀：一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。分别举例如下：quickquickly,truetruly,happyhappily,possiblepossibly.七 副词及其基本用法：副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。1.副词的位置：在动词之前；在be动词、助动词之后；多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。注意：a.大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。Wecouldseeveryclearlyastrangelightaheadofus.b.方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。HespeaksEnglishwell.2.副词的排列顺序：时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。Pleasewriteslowlyandcarefully.多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。注意：副词very可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。改错：(错)IverylikeEnglish.(对)IlikeEnglishverymuch.注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。练习：用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Mypursewasstolenonthebusyesterday._(Fortunate),therewasnomoneyinit.2.Mobilephonesare_(wide)usedinmostofthecitiesinChina.3.Heputonhiscoatandwentout_(quick).4.Sheis_(good)thanLiPingatswimming.5.AlotChinesepeopleare_(pride)ofYaoMing,afamousbasketballstarinNBA.6.Tooursurprise,hesuddenlyreturnedonacold_(snow)night.7.Allieaskedme_(polite)toputthethingsaway.8.Itssnowinghard.Youmustdrive_(careful).9.Theearthweliveonis_(big)thanthemoon.10.Hainanisaverylargeisland.Itsthesecond_(large)islandinChina.Unit7Unit 7 The unknown world保持安静be silent 醒来Wake up 因为because of=as a result of 往.外看look out of 尽快as soon as possible =as soon as you can 向某人提及某事mention sth to sb =tell sb sth about 同意某人意见agree with sb =have the same opinion as 非常害怕be frightened of =be very afraid of 恐惧地in fear =frightenedly=with fear 在.隔壁next to =close to =beside 肯定be sure =believe 告诉某人关于某事tell sb sth about 成千上万thousands of =many 到达某地reach sp =get to sp在宇宙in space =in the universe语法讲解(原因状语从句)：原因状语从句：由because,for,as,since引导1.because(因为)的用法：because通常表示直接的原因。because引导的从句表示直接而明确的原因和理由，表示按因果关系的推断，语气很强，用来回答why的问题,一般位于主句之后。例：Wecouldntgooutbecauseitwastoocold.因为天气太冷，我们不能外出。2.for(因为)的用法：for是并列连词，引出的原因较间接，似乎是事后所想到的补充解释的理由，只陈述一般推断的理由，不一定表示产生结果的必然原因，主要放在两个并列句之间。例：Itmustbemorningforthebirdsaresinging.一定是清晨了，因为鸟儿在叫。注意：下列情况下只能使用because:在回答why的问句时；被not所否定时。3.as和since(因为)的用法:表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于语句之前。Seeingallofthechildrenalreadyseated,hesaid,“Sinceeveryoneishere,letsstart.”4.because与becauseof的用法比较：because是连词，其后接句子；becauseof是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what从句等。如：Ididntbuyitbecauseitwastooexpensive.我没有买是因为它太贵了。Helosthisjobbecauseofhisage.由于年龄关系他失去了工作。Unit8Unit8 Life in the future现在；此刻in the present=for the time being 和.连接be connected to=be linked to 在前面at the front 对.满意be satisfied/happy with 在互联网上on the Internet 一种新型的a new type of=a new kind of .的形状in the shape of =in the form of 没做成fail to do 使.与.相混合mix.with=put sth and sth together 继续做某事continue to do=go on doing sth 准备.prepare for sth=get ready for sth停止做stop doing 片刻；瞬间in a second=in a while =very soon =at once 没赶上飞机miss the plane=not catch the plane 被当作.使用be used as 语法讲解(过去进行时态)：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如：Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。Theywerewaitingforyouyesterday.他们昨天一直在等你。1.过去进行时的构成：肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing否定形式：主语+wasnot(wasnt)/werenot(werent)+V-ing疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing?2.基本用法：过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有：atthattime/moment,(at)thistimeyesterday(lastnight/Sunday/week),at+点钟+yesterday(lastnight/Sunday)，whensb.didsth等时间状语从句，如：Whatwereyoudoingat7p.m.yesterday?昨天晚上七点你在干什么？IfirstmetMarythreeyearsago.Shewasworkingataradioshopatthetime.我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。Iwascookingwhensheknockedatthedoor.她敲门时我正在做饭。when后通常用表示暂短性动词，while后通常用表示持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如：WhenthecarexplodedIwaswalkingpastit.=WhileIwaswalkingpastthecaritexploded.when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如：Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhensomeonecalledme.我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如：IwastakingawalkwhenImethim.我正在散步，突然遇见了他。Wewereplayingoutsidewhenitbegantorain.我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。3.一般过去时与过去进行时的用法比较：一般过去时表示“在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态”，而过去进行时则表示“在过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作”。如：IwasreadinganEnglishnovellastnight.昨晚我在看一本英文小说。（可能没看完）IreadanEnglishnovellastnight我昨晚看了一本英文小说。（已经看完）练习：1.I_(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.2.Mary_(go)overherlessonsfromsixtosevenlastnight.Johnandpeter_(do)thesamething.3.-What_you_(do)atthattime?-We_(watch)TV.4.-Wasyourfatherathomeyesterdayevening?-Yes,hewas.He_(listen)totheradio.5.They_(notmake)amodelshipwhenIsawhim.6.-_they_(have)ameetingat4yesterdayafternoon?-No,they_.They_(clean)theclassroom.7.-_it_(rain)whenyouleftschool?-Yes,it_.(No,it_)8.What_yourfather_(do)whenhewasyourage?9.Oneday,Edison_(wait)foratraintoarrive,andsuddenlyalittleboyrantothetrack(轨道)toplay.10.HeaskedmeifI_(go)fishingthatafternoon.单项选择练习题：一 从下面每题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以替换划线部分的最佳选项。1.Afterhiswifedied,helivedalone.A.onhisownB.byherselfC.ofhisownD.badly2.Heraisedhishandtoaskaquestion.A.putupB.roseC.keptD.saved3.Timfelloffthebikeandhurthislegsinanaccident.A.injuresB.injuryC.injuredD.made4.Theyhaveofferedmealargesumofmoneytogoaway.A.refusedtogiveB.providedC.beenwillingtogiveD.helped5.Youmustaskpermissionifyouwanttoleaveearly.A.disagreementB.questionsC.agreementD.organization6.Saltershoutedwithjoywhensheknewshewonthefirst.A.happinessB.illnessC.surpriseD.difficulty7.Youonlyneedtopayforbreakfastanddinner.A.spendmoneyonB.costC.takeD.afford8.Ifyouareinhighspirits,youhaveagoodfeeling.A.abilityB.senseC.painD.peace9.Manywesterncountriesraisealargenumberofbeefcattle.A.putupB.movehigherC.takeoffD.keep10.Awell-dressedmanenteredtheroom.A.AmanwhowassmartB.AmanwhohadasweetsmileC.AmanwhowasimportantD.Amanwhoworegoodclothes11.Thedeafmancanonlycommunicatebygestures.A.withgreetingsB.byspeakingC.withastartD.bybodylanguage12.Pleasegiveyourbrothermyregardswhenyouseehim.A.greetingsB.happinessC.pleasureD.gifts13.“Whatsup?”IaskedwhenIsawthelittlegirloutsidethewindow.A.Howisitgoing?B.Whatsthewrong?C.whatsthematter?D.Whatshappened?14.HeremindedmethatIshoulddoitatonce.A.toldmeB.requiredmeC.suggestedtomeD.askedmetoremember15.Youshouldlearnthesewordsbyheart.A.memorizeB.knowC.masterD.read16.IkeepcontactwithmyforeignfriendsbyMSN.A.getintouchwithB.talktoC.keepintouchwithD.haveawordwith17.Theflowershowattractsmanypeople.A.makescomeB.makestobecomebiggerC.makesbecomepopularD.makesleave18.Nowmanywomenkeepfitwithdietandexercise.A.youngB.healthyandstrongC.weakandillD.beautiful19.Hangthepicturesomewhereonthewall.A.putintoB.droppedfromC.tookfromD.puton20.Thefloorrequireswashing.A.makesB.sellsC.asksD.needs21.Hedidntstopuntilhereachedthedoor.A.arrivedB.returnedfromC.gottoD.left22.MrSmithcanrunupto40minutes.A.asfastasB.asslowlyasC.ashighasD.aslongas23.MrYangwillsetoffforShenzhentomorrow.A.goB.walkC.moveD.leave24.Damingusesseveralwaystoattractfish.A.muchB.manyC.fewD.some25.Thisisthebasicwayofresolvingtheproblem.A.simpleaswellasdifficultB.hardaswellasimportantC.simplebutnotimportantD.simpleaswellasimportant26.Itsalwayspleasanttodowhatyouaregoodatdoing.A.niceB.detailedC.roughD.ready27.Myfavoritecartoonwillbeplayedatthecinema.A.madeB.showedC.shownD.produced28.Awomanappearedatthefarendofthestreet.A.seemedB.recordedC.showedupD.matched29.Theywenttothecinemaseparately.A.Theywatchedthefilmtogether.B.Theydidnotwatchthefilmtogether.C.Theydidnotwatchthefilm.D.Theydidnotlikewatchthefilmtogether.30.Youlooksobeautifultoday.TheT-shirtmatchesyourtrouserswell.A.afootballgameB.doesntsuitC. goestogetherD.somethingthatcanbelit31.HeappearedhappywhenIleft.A.lookedB.soundedC.showedupD.is32.Youshouldtryyourbesttofinishalltheworkonyourown.A.byyourselfB.withothersC.foryourselfD.foryourfriend33.Thegiantpandahasasmallpopulation.A.thetotalweightofanimalsinanarea.B.thetotalnumberofanimalsinanarea.C.thetotallengthofanimalsinanarea.D.thetotalcoloursofanimalsinanarea.34.Theyneedtoeatalottostayhealthy.A.keepB.goC.becomeD.do35.Weshouldtryourbesttosavetheendangeredanimals.A.theanimalswhichareindangerB.thesafeanimalsC.thebiganimalsD.theexpensiveanimals36.Adultrabbitscangivebirthtomanybabyrabbits.A.YoungB.BigC.StrongD.Fullygrown37.AnumberofchildrenwenttoseeHarryPotter.A.ManyB.FewC.AfewD.Some38.Whatsmore,itiscommonforpeopletoliveinflats.A.ExceptB.DonthaveC.BesidesD.Beside39.Itsnearlysevenoclock.Youshouldgohomequickly.A.notoftenB.almostC.almostnotD.hardly40.Allthedogsfeltscaredandranaway.A.happyB.frightenedC.excitedD.lonely41.Thiskeepspeoplefromgettinganysleep.A.helpsB.getsC.protectsD.stops42.EmmaandMattgivetheiropinionsonthismatter.A.answersB.waysC.ideasD.questions43.Thechildrenranawayinfear.A.feelingtiredB.feelinghappyC.feelingafraidD.feelingangry44.Thechildrenspreadtheirwingsandflewtoschooltogether.A.openedoutwardsB.puttogetherC.foldD.put45.Wefeltverypleasedtoseeyouhere.A.happyB.sadC.angryD.unhappy46.Dogsandpandasaremyfavouritecreatures.A.colorsB.animalsC.booksD.sports47.Shedisagreedtohaveapicnicwithus.A.agreedB.wantedC.toldD.didntagree48.Didyoureceivealetterfromyourfatheryesterday?A.writeB.answerC.getD.take49.HewaswatchingTVwhilehismotherwascookingforhim.A.atthesametimeB.fromthenonC.asasD.soas50.Plasticsarenowof