湖北省2020高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（67）

湖北省2020高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（67）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AThe choice to adopt and hold gratefulness is the one that is different from those who suffer misfortune and those who enjoy a full life.My mother died when I was 24. It was a very difficult time in my life everything seemed to fall apart. I lost my job, and then my utilities were turned off. I had to take cold showers for six months. A neighbor who knew about my situation came to my house and made me an offer. I took care of her children as a job, and I no longer went hungry. I was surprised that someone would trust me a young woman with her children. And it was with the very confidence that before long I began taking care of other peoples children, too. I have since moved 300 miles from Boise, Idaho. For more than 23 years I have made every effort to reach out to all the kind-hearted people who helped me when I was down and out. Without their trust, I dont know what I would have done. I am very involved in my community and volunteer at the local food bank, and I help out whenever I can. Id like to owe what I am to whoever has offered me generosity.If you are grateful for what you already have, the world will work together to give you more to be grateful for. Otherwise, the world will give you more to complain about.Moreover, the true master learns to be grateful, in advance, for the things that are desired, because, being grateful in advance for some attainment or accomplishment does two very important things: oneit tricks your subconscious into believing that the goal is certain and twoit convinces other people, with whom you must interact to achieve your desires, that you know what you are about, that you are a winner, not a whiner (哀诉者).1. The underlined word “utilities” refers to _ in the passage.A. water and gas supplies B. gas and electricity suppliesC. shower equipment and water supply D. heating and TV signals2. The writer was grateful mainly for _.A. his neighbors donation B. his communityC. having got the job D. others trust3. The writers personal story in the second paragraph tells us that _.A. to be grateful will get you nowhere but away from homeB. a grateful person is most likely to be successfulC. we need to be grateful to be helpful and usefulD. the fragrance (芳香) stays in the hand that gives the rose4. The best title for the passage would be _.A. A Thank-You Note to Trusting NeighborB. You Are a Winner, Not a WhinerC. Be Grateful to Life in AdvanceD. Gratefulness Brings a Great Fullness to LifeBWhy does night fall but never break and day break but never fall?Why are people who ride motorcycles called bikers and people who ride bikes called cyclists?In what other language do people drive in a parkway and park in a driveway?In what other language do they call the third hand on the clock the second hand?Lets face it: English is a crazy language. There is no egg in an eggplant, neither pine nor apple in a pineapple and no ham in a hamburger. Sweet-meats are candy, while sweetbreads, which arent sweet, are meat.We take English for granted. But when we explore its paradoxes (探讨它的矛盾), we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square, public bathrooms have no baths in them.And why is it that a writer writes, but fingers dont fing, grocers dont groce, and hammers dont ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, shouldnt the plural of booth be beeth? One goose, two geese so one moose, two meese?How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next?English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of human beings. Thats why, when stars are out, they are visible; but when the lights are out, they are invisible. And why, when I wind up my watch, I start it; but when I wind up this essay, I end it.5. According to the passage _.A. sweet-meats and sweetbreads are different thingsB. there should be egg in an eggplantC. pineapples are the apples on the pine treeD. boxing rings should be round6. Which of the following includes two items which have the similar meaning?A. A wise man and a wise guy.B. Overlook and oversee.C. Quite a lot and quite a few.D. Hot as hell and cold as hell.7. The underlined words “wind up” in the last paragraph probably mean “_”.A. blow B. roll up C. get hurt D. finish8. Through the many paradoxes in the English language, the writer wants to show that human beings are _.A. clever B. crazy C. lazy D. dullCThere is no doubt that much of the profit of a businesssometimes the whole of its successdepends upon the use of the odds and endsThe odds and ends are various small things，which are left over when the main things are producedBut they possess a real value of their ownIf a business，big or small，looked down upon these odds and ends，it would mean a big difference in the amount of the benefit of the businessTake a meat factory for instance， there are countless odds and endsbones and hair，which can be made into glue and rope to increase its profit greatlyThen，if we are college students，what about our odds and endsthe odd moments？ Take time for exampleEvery one of us has the exact same amount of itEveryones success or failure depends on the use of their timeBut everyone uses the time more or less in the same wayHowever，why many great men in science or art have made huge successes for themselves in the world？Because they have made best use of their odd momentsTake Thomas AEdison， he never allowed his odd moments to slip byHe thought，planned，and tried his inventionsHe always worked twenty hours out of each twenty-fourHis inventions made him famous all over the world，and provided valuable wealth for the human beingsSo, remember this axiom：very busy people always find time for everythingHowever，people with great spare time find time for nothingIs it very strange？Not at all！The question is how to gather up fragments of time and make full use of themAs many big businesses have found，that the real profit is in using the odds and endsWe also must do in this way to make best use of our odd moments and manage to be successful in something that we do9. What are odds and ends？A. They are nothing usefulB. They are various small，but valuable thingsC. They are the main things that factories produceD. They are odd moments students deny to gather up10. Why should the odds and ends be made full use of ？Because _ A. lots of factors in success or in failure depend on the best use of odds and endsB. they control to possess a value of their ownC. they are various small things people dont wantD. they are useless things left over when the main things are produced11. What does the word “Axiom” in the fourth paragraph mean?A. clear and evident without proofB. statement accepted as true without proof of argumentC. statement that can be arguedD. regulation accepted in scientific usage12. “Fragments of time” equals “_ ”in the above passageA. the odds and ends B. immense leisureC. the main things D. the odd momentsDThis is the VOA Special English Economics Report.China has recently been faced with serious issues of product safety. Some cases have brought attention internationally to the increased use of imported ingredients to make food and medicine.In Panama, medicine made with a poisonous chemical killed or sickened more than one hundred people. A Chinese company had identified it as diethylamide glycol （ 化乙二醇）, a low cost substitute commonly used in automobile antifreeze（防冻剂）.Some countries have banned Chinese-made toothpaste containing diethylamide glycol. China has now told companies to discontinue its use, even though it says the toothpaste is safe. Another industrial chemical, melamine（三聚氰胺）, was found in wheat flour used to make pet food in North America. Thousands of dogs and cats became sick.The United States has restricted some imports of Chinese seafood because they contained banned substance. And questions have been raised about other products, including childrens toys covered with lead paint.Chinese officials promised to provide the European Union, the biggest trading partner, with detailed reports on enforcement efforts against unsafe goods.Meglena Kuneva, commissioner (理事) for consumer protection of the European Union said China should have kept its promise.China recently closed three companies linked to the Panama and the pet food scare. And it dismissed the former head of its food and drug administration. He was found guilty of corruption (腐败) for approving unsafe drugs. This week, a conference of the State Council approved a proposed special measure on the supervision of food safety. The Xinhua News Agency said it calls for stronger controls over producers, greater responsibilities for government and more serious punishment for illegal activities.But Chinese officials have accused some foreign media of overstating problems with goods made in China. They say food imports from the United States also fail inspection sometimes. Next Week, American and Chinese food safety officials are planning to hold 5 days of meetings in Beijing to discuss cooperation.And thats the VOA Special English Economics Report. Im Mario Ritter.13How many cases with safety problems are mentioned in the passage?ASix BFive CFour DThree14How was Panama case dealt with afterwards?AThree companies linked to it were closed down.BThe former head of food and drug administration was removed from his position.CMore serious punishment was conducted for leaders linked to it.D. Both A and B.15It can be inferred but not clearly stated that _.AChinese- made toothpaste is safeBthe safety of “made in China” is doubtedCthere are safety problems with one more Chinese products.Dstronger control over Chinese products is in need16The passage is mainly about _.AChina is facing product safety problemsBmore controls are taken of Chinese goodsCoverstated problems with Chinese goodsDChina is losing its trade partnersEA Concussion（脑震荡） happens when the brain is shaken, often in a car crash or a fall or a strike on; the head in sportsConcussions can be mild, but doctors may order a CT scan to look for a more serious injuryBut a recent study warned that more children than necessary are being exposed to radiation this wayA national team led by two doctors at the University of California, Davis, studied hospital records from thousands of children with head injuries. They found that in many cases, the risk of developing cancer from the radiation outweighed the risk of a serious brain injury.The study found that one in five children over age two had a low risk of serious injury but received CT scans anyway. The same was true of almost one in four children under two years of age.The researchers have developed rules to predict if a head injury is serious enough for a scan. For children under two, doctors are advised against it if there is:Normal mental activity.No swelling in the back of the head.No feeling of a broken bone in the skull. (头骨)And no loss of consciousness for more than five seconds.Doctors should also consider how the child was injured and whether the parents say the child is acting normally.For patients from two to eighteen, the guidelines are similar except there should be no loss of consciousness, no vomiting（呕吐） and no severe headache.Earlier this year, the British Journal of Sports Medicine published new guidelines for concussions in children and teens. International experts said they should not return to sports or school until fully recovered. The brain also needs a cognitive rest, they say, by restricting activities like video games, texting and watching TV.It often takes young people longer than adults to recover from a concussion. The experts say individual progress and not a set time