2020年高考英语一轮复习 专题03 Science and nature精品学案 牛津译林版

2020年高考英语一轮复习精品学案 专题03 Science and nature（牛津译林版） 核心词汇一、根据句意及中文提示写出所缺单词的完全形式二、译出下列短语1. on one hand, on the other hand _ _2. toy with _ _3. on ones way to doing _ _4. the first mammal to be cloned_ _5. be praised for _ _6. with the intention of _ _7. show respect for_ _8. be anxious to do sth. _ _9. push ahead with _ _10. for sale _ _11. a crop to be harvested _ _12. comment on _ _13. in complete agreement with _ _14. on a personal note_ _15. die of heart failure _ _16. be burnt out_ _17. follow in ones footsteps _ _18. conduct a survey_ _19. the majority of people _ _20. in summary _ _21. take into consideration _ _22. in favor of _ _23. point of view of _ _24. meet ones needs _ _25. natural resources _ _26. at a fast pace _ _27. be opened up to _ _28. be limited to _ _29. as to _ _30. food chain _ _重点句式根据中文提示完成下列句子重要知识详解一、重要词汇（单词+词组）【自主归纳】(1)intend 词性_ 词义_ (2)intended 词性_词义_(3)intentional 词性_词义_(4)be intended for 意为：_【即时巩固1】根据汉语完成下列英语句子(1)这本书是为儿童写的。The book children.(2)计划下周开始把方案付诸实施。the project will be put into practice.(3)他打算去国外进修。He went abroad further education.(4)他从来不会故意伤害任何人。He will never hurt anyone.词汇-4. blame【教材原句】Should they be blamed for destroying hundreds of thousands of acres of rainforest if it means a better income for their people? （P58）【例句研读】翻译句子(1)It is not right to blame your failure on your teacher.(2)The couple were blamed for the ill-treatment to the old man.(3)If anyone is to blame, its me.词汇-5. favor【教材原句】Would anyone say that development should be stopped in favor of nature?（P58）【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分(1)I am all in favor of equal pay for equal work.(2)Could you do me a favor and pick up Sam from school today?【自主归纳】(1)do sb. a favor _(2)in favor of _(3)in sbs favor _【即时巩固5】根据汉语完成英语句子(1)But not everyone is_ the phenomenon.但是，不是所有的人都喜欢这样的现象。(2)The exchange rate is_ at the moment.目前的汇率对我们有利。【即时巩固6】(1)Before building a house, you will have to _ the governments permission.A. get from B. follow C. receive D. ask for(2)His father gave him an _ of 1,000 pounds a year to help him finish his college education.A. permission B. permit C. allowance D. admission(3) I am _ to meet you, time _.A. likely; permits B. probable; permitting C. likely; permitting D. possible; permits(4) Its illegal to read peoples private letters without .A. pressure B. reputation C. standard D. permission (1)Why dont you your seat a little; it will help you to relax.(2)It is hard to such an unpopular policy.(3)She her way the big crowd.(4)I wish she would stop annoying us and .(5)You switch on the computer and then the disk.词汇-8. on the way to doing sth.【教材原句】If mankind toys with nature in this way, we may be on our way to producing a real-life Frankensteins monster. (P42)【例句研读】翻译句子(1)You are in my way-youll have to move.(2)They made their way to that village.(3)In a way the performance was a success.【自主归纳】译出下列短语(1)in ones way (2)make ones way(3)in a way (4)on the way of(5)in no way (6)all the way(7)in this way (1)I dont want to go there. On the one hand, I am not free. On the other hand, I have no money.我不想去那里。 因为我没时间， 我没钱。(2) It is very slow to make shoes by hand.做鞋是很慢的。(3)Let us create a beautiful tomorrow !让我们携手共进，共创美好的明天！(4)You should hand in your examination paper in time.你应该及时 考卷。(5)Were going to talk about the new project. let me hand out the materials first.我们将讨论新的企划案。我先把资料 大家。(6)Ive handed over my place on the committee.我已 在委员会的职位。(7)This custom has been handed down since the 18th century.这风俗从十八世纪开始 。(8)The work is in hand, but not finished.这工作 ，但没完成。(9)Could you give/lend me a hand with the baggage?你能 拿一拿行李吗？(10)He believes that the great day is at hand.他相信这个伟大的日子 。注意：give sb. a big hand的意思是“给以热烈的掌声进行鼓励”【即时巩固9】(1)_is known to all, dirty and disease go_ .A. It ,in hand B. As, hand in hand C. As, in hand D. It, hand in hand(2) It is certain that he will _ his business to his son when he gets old.A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over(3)Marias been my partner since I the business from my fatherA. handed over B. got across C. came across D. took over(4)The government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.A. take down B. bring down C.hand down D. tear down(5)Annie has handled the whole project by herself and lets give her a big hand !A. give her a handB. lend her the handC. give her a big hand D. lend her a hand二、重点句型梳理（含重点语法）：2.【教材原句】 The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep. (P42)【句法分析】to be cloned 做定语。表示动词clone与mammal之间存在被动关系。mammal前有序数词修饰，因此要用动词不定式做定语。动词不定式的被动式，除这种用法外，还常用来表示将来的被动动作。【即时巩固12】根据中文提示，完成句子。(1)我要去购物，你有没什么需要买的？I will go shopping, do you have something _?(2)明天要召开的会议非常重要。The meeting _ tomorrow is of great importance.【即时巩固13】(1)_ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.A. while B. Since C. As D. If(2)She thought I was talking about her daughter, _, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.A. whom B. where C. which D. while(3)_the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a food idea to spend too much time on it. （2020年湖南）A. If B. While C. Because D. As(4)Im going to the post office. youre there, can you get me some stamps?A. AsB. WhileC. Because D. If5.【教材原句】 Nowhere is this true than with genetically modified food. (P 59)【句法分析】否定意义的副词或短语放在句首，句子半倒装。这样的副词主要有：little, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, never, not at all, by no means（决不）, at no time（在任何时候都不），nowhere, in no case (无论如何都不)；not in the least (=not at all) , on no condition（决不） 等。【M5U3参考答案】核心词汇一、根据句意及中文提示写出所缺单词的完全形式1.intention 2. comment 3. anxiety 4. adopt 5. physician6.agriculture 7. consideration 8. confirmed 9. profits 10. permission二、译出下列短语重点句式根据中文提示完成下列句子1. had; would have 2. to be cloned 3. While 4. as well as 5. is this true重要知识详解重要知识详解一、重要词汇（单词+词组）词汇-2. anxiety【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分(1)我们等着消息，心情越来越着急。(2)医生的报告去除了他们所有的焦虑。【自主归纳】(1)形容词，焦虑的，渴望的 (2)副词， 焦虑地【即时巩固2】根据汉语完成下列英语句子(1)signs of anxiety (2)feeling anxious (3) anxiously词汇-4. blame【例句研读】翻译句子(1)把你的失败归咎于老师是不对的。(2)那对夫妇因为虐待老人而受到责备。(3)如果有人该受责备，那就是我。【自主归纳】(1) 该受责备 (2) 因而受到责备 (3)把归咎于【即时巩固4】根据汉语完成英语句子(1)was to blame for (2) blamefor词汇-5. favor【例句研读】翻译句子。(1)我非常赞同同工同酬。(2)今天你能帮我一个忙，从学校将Sam接回来吗？【自主归纳】(1)帮某人一个忙 (2)赞同，支持 (3) 支持某人；对某人有利【即时巩固5】（1）in favor of （2） in our favor词汇-7. push ahead with【例句研读】翻译句子(1)政府正在努力推进改革。(2)他把恐惧的感觉放到了一边。(3) 詹姆斯没有逼迫她去偷钱。【自主归纳】选用下列词组填空(1)push back (2)push ahead with (3)pushed through (4)push off (5)push in【即时巩固7】CDD词汇-9. on the (one) handon the other hand【例句研读】译出划线部分以完成汉语句子(1)我不想去那里。 一方面因为我没时间，另一方面我没钱。(2)手工做鞋是很慢的。(3)让我们携手共进，共创美好的明天！(4)你应该及时上交考卷.(5)我们将讨论新的企划案。我先把资料分发给大家。(6)我已让出了在委员会的职位。(7)这风俗从十八世纪开始流传下来。(8)这工作在进行中，但没完成。(9)你能帮我拿一拿行李吗？(10)他相信这个伟大的日子就要到来。二、重点句型梳理（含重点语法）：单元知识综合练第一部分 基础知识训练（一）单词拼写1.I thought that the whole (概念)of cloning was not moral.2.There are many (现实生活中的)problems with the matter.3.He died as a （结果)of the traffic accident.4.Exposed to _ (辐射)for many years, Madam Curie died of a disease which is related to it.5.The (原先的)owner of the house has moved out.6.According to the survey (实施)last week, more than half college students admitted having consumed alcoholic drinks.7.I am afraid that the boy got (害怕的）when hearing the sudden loud thunder.8.However, many poorer nations must _(集中注意力于)on the everyday needs of their people.9.If we further damage the Earth, it may cause a _(灾难).10.With the development of economy, new _(隧道，航道) are being built.（二）单项填空5._ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will alwaysbe in demand.A. WhileB. Since C. AsD. If（三）根据方框内所给短语的适当形式完成句子Apush ahead with, point out, on the way to doing sth, toy with,for sale, in general, as a whole, in complete agreement with,1. Im well _ completing the report.2. He was always very keen to_ my mistakes.3. The house _ belongs to Mr. Smith.4. _, you always have better ideas than me.5. It is hard to _ such an unhappy policy.6. She just _ her food, as she wasnt really hungry.7. On this one, I find myself _many of the president s own party.8. Economic growth for 2020 _is likely to exceed 6%Bturn out, hesitate to do sth, be concerned about, meet ones needsat a fast pace, use up, have effects on, after all1. It is _the customers _that has made chain stores so popular in big cities in China.2. It is necessary for the government to _ the growth of the younger generation.3. Dont get discouraged by setbacks, we are new to the work _.4. The man calling himself a manager to be a murderer.5. We are at your service. Dont _ turn to us if you have any further problems.6. Tom, would you please lend me some paper? Sorry, mine _.7. In doing so, human beings are damaging the earth _, which will pose a great threat to the existence of us.8. You cant imagine what _ the GM material might _ the food chain.（四）语法填空（用所给动词的适当形式填空）第二部分 能力运用（一）完型填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The woman was watching the incident. 11 the driver and the conductor raised their voices at the old man, she interfered(干预).“Stop 12 him! Cant you see hes only trying to get home?”“He doesnt have any money! ” the driver 13 .“Well, thats no 14 to throw him off the bus,” she insisted.Then she reached inside her blouse, took out her 15 money, and handed it to the conductor. “Heres his fare and mine. Just stop giving him a 16 time.”All heads turned to the woman. “Its only money,” she shrugged.She rode the rest of the way home 17 a happy smile, with the money shed lost earlier 18 .On the road of life, the help of strangers can 19 our loads and lift our spirits. How much sweeter the 20 will be when we make it a little smoother for others!9. A. begged B. scolded C. praised D. thanked10. A. request B. action C. suggestion D. command11. A. Unless B. Although C. Until D. When12. A. attacking B. bothering C. blaming D. wronging13. A. warned B. whispered C. shouted D. repeated14. A. problem B. need C. matter D. reason（二）阅读理解请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。AI arrived at my mothers home for our Monday family dinner. The smells of food flew over from the kitchen. Mother was pulling out quilt(被子)after quilt from the boxes, proudly showing me their beauties. She was preparing for a quilt show at the Elmhurst Church. When we began to fold and put them back into the boxes, I noticed something at the bottom of one box. I pulled it out. “What is this?” I asked.“Oh?” Mom said, “Thats Mamas quilt.”I spread the quilt. It looked as if a group of school children had pieced it together; irregular designs, childish pictures, a crooked line on the right.“Grandmother made this?” I said, surprised. My grandmother was a master at making quilts. This certainly didnt look like any of the quilts she had made.“Yes, right before she died. I brought it home with me last year and made some changes,” she said. “Im still working on it. See, this is what Ive done so far.”I looked at it more closely. She had made straight a crooked line. At the center of the quilt, she had stitched(缝) a piece of cloth with these words: “My mother made many quilts. She didnt get all lines straight. But I think this is beautiful. I want to see it finished, her last quilt.”“Oh, this is so nice, Mom,” I said. It occurred to me that by completing my grandmothers quilt, my mother was honoring her own mother. I realized, too, that I held in my hands a family treasure. It started with the loving hands of one woman, and continued with the loving hands of another.BWhile all my classmates seem to be crazy about a one-way ticket to Mars(火星), Id rather say Mars is totally unsuitable for human existence. People wont have enough food supplies there, and the terrible environment would make it impossible for them to live a long life. Besides, the journey wont be safe. Can anybody explain to me just why people would go to Mars, never to return?Steve Minear, UKHere are the things you can think of: the desire to explore a foreign and unique environment, the excitement of being the first humans to open up a new world, the expectation of fame and gloryFor scientists there is another reason. Their observations and research will probably lead to great scientific achievements.Paul Davies. USA5. The main purpose of Steve Minears writing is .A. to report his classmates discussionB. to invite an answer to his questionC. to explain the natural state of MarsD. to show his agreement on going to Mars6. Which of the following best states Donal Trollops idea?A. There is a plan to send humans to Mars.B. There are many reasons for going to Mars.C. Scientists become famous by doing research on Mars.D. It is possible to build an Earth-like environment on Mars.（三）任务型阅读请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格的空格处里填人最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格填1个单词。In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?Main comparisonsContexts1_ are changingIn the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first 2_.Nowadays, people seem to be more 3_about themselves.4_are changing too.People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的).People may strive to achieve their own 5_ at the price of their coworkers.The authors understanding6_for the changes in authors eyesFierce 7_ and great 8_on modern people may be responsible for the changes.The authors 9_towards topicA relationship which can 10_ two sides should be established.（四）书面表达众所周知，每个人都希望能保持一份好心情对我们的学习和工作非常重要。因此，如何保持一份好心情也是大家关心的话题。根据下面的提示和要求写一篇英文演讲稿，就如何保持好心情谈谈你的看法。保持好心情的原因如何保持一份好心情促进工作和学习，提高生活质量有利于身心健康保持幽默感拥有广泛的兴趣爱好为人友好，多与人分享乐趣注意：1. 词数：150左右2. 文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Good morning, everyone!The topic of my speech today is “How to keep a good mood”._In a word, if we can follow the above suggestions, I am sure we will have a good state of mind all the time.Thats all. Thank you!模块五Unit 3综合练习（参考答案）第一部分 基础知识训练（一）单词拼写1. concept 2. real-life 3. consequence 4. radiation 5. original6. conducted 7.