湖北省宜昌市高中英语Unit2PoemsPartIIIGrammar学案无答案新人教版选修

Unit 2 RobotsPart III Grammar一、【学习目标】1.能够判断是否使用虚拟语气并确定虚拟语气下的各种用法；2.能较为熟练的完成虚拟语气的相关练习。二、【基础知识】旧知回顾非真实条件句（虚拟条件从句）表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况。一、if 虚拟条件从句基本用法 （看谁记得准，写得快）if虚拟条件句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实可能相反1.2.3. 实战演练：1.If I your telephone number, I would have called you.如果我知道你的电话号码，我就给你打电话了。(know)2.If it tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.如果明天下雨，运动会就会推迟。(be)3.If you had followed my advice, you the last Englishtest. 如果你听从了我的建议，你上次英语就能考及格了。( pass)2、 虚拟条件句的省略倒装条件从句中有_、_、_三个助动词可以把_省略，并将这三个词提至_。Eg: 1.If I were you, I would give it up._2. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again._3. If there should be a flood, what should we do?_实战演练：1._ that Mary would come to see her, she would neverhave gone to the party.（know）若她知道Mary会来看她，她绝不会去那个晚会的。2. _ , I would not do it. 我要是你，就不做这事。3. _ tomorrow, I would go to the airport to meet him.如果明天他来，我就去机场接他。(come)3、 含蓄条件句非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表示出来, 只暗含在上下文中,这种句子叫含蓄条件句.Eg: 1._(要不是) your help, we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment.2. _(没有) music, the world would be a dull place.3. I was ill that day. _(否则)I would have taken part in the party.4. He would have given you more help, _(但是) he has been so busy.归纳总结：这种含蓄的条件通常使用介词_、_、_、_等体现出来。实战演练：1.Without air, there _ living things.如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。(be)2. But for your help, I_ this task.要是没有你的帮助，我就不可能完成这项任务。(finish)3. I was busy that day. Otherwise I _with them.我那天很忙，否则，我就和他们一起去那儿了。(go)4. I _the work, but I was ill.我本来该完成这项工作的，但我生病了。(finish)4、 错综条件虚拟语气假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。Eg: 1.If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.（从句表示与_相反，主句表示与_相反）2. If I had earned some money last summer, I would go on vacation next month.(从句表示与过去的事实相反，主句表示将来不可能实现的一些事件)实战演练：1. If you _ the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in hospital now.如果你听从了老师的建议，你现在就不会在医院里了。(follow)2. If you had not missed the bus, we _ the concert.如果你没有错过公车的话，你现在正在听他们的音乐会。(enjoy)3. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I_ , at theage of seven, with the library in my hometown.如果在7岁那年没有爱上家乡的图书馆，我很难想象我现在正在做什么。(fall)4. If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955, the housing problemsnow in some parts of this country_ so serious.如果美国在1955年为那些穷人修了更多的房子，现在这个国家一些地区的住房问题就不会如此严重了。（serious）五、 虚拟语气 名词性从句之should +V原形篇（一）在表示建议_、_、_、_、要求 _、_、_、命令_、_、坚持_、敦促 _与希望_等动词或这些动词派生出来的同根名词后的名词性从句中, 谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”。注意: suggest表 “暗示, 表明” ; insist表 “坚持认为” 时不用虚拟语气Eg. 1. Her facial expressions suggested that she was angry.2. Tom insisted that he hadnt stolen the watch.实战演练：1. The teacher advised that we _ every minute.老师建议我们利用好每一分钟。 (make)2. The judge ordered that the witness_ .法官命令那个目击者讲实话。(tell)3. It is desired that every student_ the school rules.要求每一个学生都应遵守校规. (obey)4. Tom insisted that _ and we insisted that he _see a doctor. Tom坚持说他没生病，而我们坚持让他去看一看医生。（二）It be + 形容词 + that+ (should) + 动词原形+常见形容词:important ,strange, natural, necessary, essential, vital实战演练：1. It is strange that _such a mistake. Thats unexpected.很奇怪，他居然犯这样的错误。太令人意外了！(make)2. It is important that every Beijinger _ speak English.每一个北京人都要会说英语，这很重要。(able)3. It is necessary that he _ the hospital at once.他有必要立刻被送往医院。（send）4. It is surprising that the big prize _ to a person who cheated.令人惊讶的是，这个大奖居然颁给了一个舞弊的人。（present）六、wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气（你还记得吗？） 表示所发生的时间虚拟语气结构与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反实战演练：1. He always wishes he _ a big house and a sports car.他总是希望自己是个百万富翁，拥有一所大房子和一辆跑车。（be, possess）2. How he wished he _ too much time in playingcomputer games while at school.他多么希望上学的时候没有浪费那么多时间玩电脑游戏。（waste）3. I wish _ to the moon some day.我希望有天能飞到月球上去。（fly）4. I wish _ in my hometown all the year around.我希望我的家乡一整年都是春天。（be）七、if only 从句中要用虚拟语气if only的意思是_;其从句后的时态和_之后的虚拟语气时态一样。实战演练：1. If only you _ the truth before.要是你以前告诉我真相就好了！（tell）2. If only _!要是下点雨就好了！（rain）3. If only my grandmother _ this exciting scene together with us now.要是我的祖母现在能与我们一起看到这个令人激动的场面就好了！（see）8、 as if/though后的状语从句可用虚拟语气表示与事实不符或与事实相反的情况。其从句后的时态为：从句动作先于主句动作发生：_从句动作与主句动作同时发生：_从句动作后于主句动作发生：_实战演练：1. He is talking so much about the USA as if he_ many times.关于美国他谈了这么多就好像他去过很多次一样。 （be）.2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if_.当铅笔的一部分浸在水中，铅笔看上去就好像断了一样。 (break)9、 would rather从句后的虚拟语气 表示所发生的时间虚拟语气结构与过去事实相反had + 过去分词；与现在或将来事实相反一般过去时(be 用were )实战演练：1. I would rather you _ right away.我宁愿你立刻把信寄出去。（post）2. I would rather you _ to me yesterday.我宁愿你昨天就把书还给我了。 (return)3. Dont come tomorrow. Id rather you _next weekend.不要明天来，我宁愿你下个周末来。（come）4. Id rather she _.我宁愿她不曾做那件事。（do）十、Its (high) time that+主语+_实战演练：1. It is time that the children _.是孩子们睡觉的时候了。 (go)2. It is high time that we _ .到了开始会议的时候了。 (begin)注意: 此句型与下面的句型的区别:A. It is time (for somebody) to do something.B. It is the first time that从句 - 现在完成时C. It was the first time that从句 - 过去完成时练一练吧：1. It is time for us _. 是我们吃饭的时间了。2. It is (about/high) time that _. 是我们吃饭的时间了。3. It is the first time that _. 这是他第一次去那里。4. It was the first time that _. 那是他第一次去那里。4、 【当堂检测】单句语法填空1. Withalittlemorecare, you_ (avoid)thattrafficaccident.2. If I _ (listen) attentively in the class, I would not be so anxious now.3. Whenthepolicetookthesuspecttothepolicestation,heinsistedthathe_(not,steal)the ladyspurseandthathe_(set) free.4. We _ (make) such great progress but for your help.5. Itissuggestedthatthe sports meeting _(put) tillnextFriday.6. Whatapity ! Wewould rather we _ (take) ourteachersadvice yesterday.7. Itisdemandedthatall thebooks_ (return )to theschoollibrarywithintwoweeks.8. How I wish I _(can, admit) to Hong Kong university.单句改错：1.IfIwasyou,Iwouldrunfaster.2.IfIlivenearmyo