高二英语Module 5 The conquest of the Universe外研社知识精讲

高二英语Module 5 The conquest of the Universe外研社【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Module 5 The conquest of the Universe二. 重难点讲解：重点单词：1. accustomed adj. 习惯于，正常的 accustom v.使习惯be accustomed to sth/doing sthaccustom oneself to sth例：She accustomed herself to Chinese dishes.她适应了中国菜。2. witness v.目击；证明；亲历 n.证人，目击者，证据例：He witnessed the murder.他目击了那桩谋杀。give witness（on behalf of sb）出庭作证（为某人）3. conflict n.&v 斗争，战斗；分歧，冲突；抵触，不一致例：The conflict between religions is serious.（n.）Our political views conflict.（vi）in conflict with和冲突4. accuse v.指责，控告，告发，谴责accuse of 控告某人某事例：The police accused him of theft.警察控告他偷窃。The boss accused her of being late.老板指责她迟到。He was accused of murder.他被控告谋杀。5. abstract adj&n.抽象的，摘录in the abstract理论上；大体上abstract from从中提取abstract concepts抽象理念6. aid n&v. 帮助，支持；援助aid sb to do sth.帮助某人做某事teaching aids教具a hearing aid助听器do /give /offer first aid进行急救come （go） to sbs aid 帮助某人7. broad adj&adv 宽的，辽阔的；明显的；丰富的，广泛的，宽阔地broad theme 主题 be broad awake 完全醒着（wide ,broad）辨析broad back/shoulders（eyes/mouth） wide open8. invasion n.入侵invade vt.侵略；侵害，侵扰invading army（an invasion force） 入侵部队invade ones privacy（invasion of privacy） 侵犯他人隐私例：The cancer cells may invade other parts of the body.癌细胞可能扩散到身体其它部位。9 .incredible adj.难以置信的an incredible story 不可思议的故事It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.真让人难以相信，他已经在那里呆了一个星期了。10. contain , include &holdcontain 侧重包含的内容或成分include 侧重作为整体的一部分或要素hold侧重能盛，能容纳例：The room holds 100 people.The student isnt included in the class.那名学生不包括在班内。Rice contains nutrients.米饭有营养。附：food containing rich vitamins 富含维他命的食物重点短语：1. turn in 转身进入，交出，上缴2. in spite of 尽管，不管3. other than 不同于，非；除了4. at the very beginning of 在之初5. set out（to do）开始，着手做6. a series of一系列的7. be similar to 与相似8. set in motion使某事开始9. be aware of知道，意识到become aware of 开始意识到10. in shock处于极度震惊状态11. make an impact （on）给留下强烈的印象或巨大的影响12. pray for祈望，祈求13. accuse sb. of doing sth.指责某人某事14. short cuts =a quick way of getting somewhere15. food for thought=something to think about16. foresee the impossibility of doing sth.预见到某事的不可能性重点句型：1.An ordinary teacher ,Christa McAuliffe,37,who was married /with two children ,was to be the first civilian in space.be to do 结构表安排，意向或目的例：my brother is to be married.2.Incredible as it may seem ,both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that those strange beings who landed in the NEW Jersey farmlands tonight are the vanguard of an invading army from the planet Mars.（1）as让步状语从句倒装（2）复习lead to “导向”（3）分析句子结构 that引导同位语从句，who引导定语从句3.But when ,in 1938 ,the American actor and director, Orson Welles set a radio drama of The War of the Worlds in the real life New Jersey town of Grovers Mill, little did he know what impact he was going to make.（1）set in ; make impact （on）（2）little 提前，倒装4.The world was in shockmaybe they assumed this space flight would be no more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane.全世界都震惊了也许他们原本认为这次太空飞行跟乘坐飞机一样没有什么危险。（1）assume v. 假定；设想；假装（2）Assuming （If） it rains this afternoon ,can we go on playing football?（3）be in shock ;no more than5.We didnt have much patience waiting for the launch.（状语）迫不及待在翻译：（1）他开始察觉到你们所干的事。（aware of）He became aware of what you were doing .（2）尽管下着大雨，人们还是设法去帮助那些正遭受地震灾害的人们。（in spite of）In spite of the heavy rain, people managed to help those who were suffering from the earthquake.（3）她习惯早起。（be accustomed to）She is accustomed to getting up early。（4）警方指控他谋杀。（accuse）The police accused him of murder.（5）我们迫不及待地等待着奥运圣火。（patience）We didnt have much patience waiting for the Olympic Torch.【典型例题】例1 Exercise is _ as any other to lose unwanted weight.译文：锻炼和其他减肥的方法一样好。A. so useful a way B. as a useful wayC. as useful a way D. such useful way答案及简析：C。本题考查asas比较结构，另： as，so，too，how +adj.+a+单数可数名词。例2 What do you do yesterday afternoon ?I went to the bookstore，_ some books and visited my uncle.译文：昨天下午你在干吗 ？我去书店了，买了几本书然后去看了我的叔叔。A. to buy B. bought C. Buy D. buying答案及简析：B。went，bought，visited是几个连续发生的动作。例3 The stone on the river bank rolled under her feet； she was _into the river，and she called out for help.译文：河岸的石头滚到她的脚下；把她推到了河里，于是喊救命。A. being jumped B. jumped C. pulled D. being pulled答案及简析：D。was being pulled是过去进行时的被动形式。例4 The Browns held _ they calledfamily dayonce each year.译文：布朗夫妇每年举行一次他们称之为“家庭日”的活动。A. that B. what C. which D. when答案及简析：B。what既作连词又在宾语从句中作called的宾语。例5 What shall we have for dinner tonight ? Oh，I dont care. _. Its your job to come up with the menu，so get on with it.译文：今天晚上我们吃什么好呢？喔，我不介意，什么都行。A. Anything will do B. I wont have lessons tomorrowC. I neednt to talk about it with someone D. What a nice meal答案及简析：A。do为不及物动词,“合适”,“行”。例6 I hate _ their complains all day. one of these days Ill tell them what I really think.译文：我讨厌他们整天的抱怨。哪天我会告诉他们我的真实想法的。A. paying attention to B. to talk about C. listening to D. to have heard答案及简析：C。从意思上推断只能用C。hate可以加不定式或动名词作宾语。例7 Dont be joking. Its time to _ your business.译文：不要开玩笑了，是干活的时候了。A. set out B. take up C. go on D. get down答案及简析：A。set out“着手”“开始”；set out your business“开始干活儿”；take up“占用”；go on后不能直接接名词；get down to business“开始干正事”。例8 Everyone says you are a good student. You are never late for school，are you?_.译文：大家都说你是一个好学生。你从不迟到，是吗？不，我有时迟到。A. No，sometimes B. Yes，sometimes C. Yes，I did D. No，I do答案及简析：B。肯定回答： Yes，I am late sometimes.否定回答： No，I am never late.例9 _ all the inventions have in common is _ they have succeeded.译文：所有发明共有的特点是他们成功了。A. What； what B. That； whatC. What； that D. That； that答案及简析：C。第一空既是主语从句的（谓语have）宾语，又是主句的主语，所以应该填what；第二空用that来引导表语从句。例10 Are you pleased with what he has done ?Not in the least. It couldnt be _.译文：你对他所做的工作满意吗？一一点也不满意。没有比这个更糟的了。A. so bad B. much better C. any worse D. the best答案及简析：C。否定词与比较级连用表最高级含义。【模拟试题】1. The key you have just got _ the front door.A. is used to opening B. is used to be openedC. is used to being opened D. is used to open2. There is a saying which _like this: “ Still waters run _.”A. goes; deeply B. comes; deep C. goes; deep D.comes; deeply3. The animal of this kind is _; wed better _.A. dangerous; keep away B. is danger; keep away from itC. dangerous; keep away from it D. in danger; keep away4. Driving the halfway I _ my car was out of gas.A. noticed B. find C. found out D. saw5. The policemen are searching for the _car on the highway.A. damaging B. damaged C. destroying D. destroy6. In the last ten years she _ like this; she is killing her health.A. works B. has been working C. worked D. is working7. She did not take the advice that she _ at rush hour, so she got lost.A. not travel B. did not go C. should travel D. goes shopping8. Have they found out the _ of the fire? Yes. It was a cigarette end that _ the fire.A. cause; started B. reason; causedC. causing; caused D. reason; cause9. Do you know _? Someone wants to find his dog back.A. what the notice says B. what the notice writesC. what is the notice written D. what does the notice say10. You seem to have made another decision.You are right. I am considering _. California , you know, is my first choice.A. to move out B.