高二英语Module 4 Music外研社知识精讲

高二英语Module 4 Music外研社【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Module 4 Music教学目标：本模块话题是 “音乐” , 阅读课文为音乐人物专访, 文化角阅读文章介绍了美国的一项音乐奖, 学生应学习应用新学词汇, 句型等基础知识, 围绕话题展开听说读写活动, 促进学生正确看待音乐的功能, 并能通过音乐增长知识, 丰富生活。单词、短语：relative give concerts conservatory soloist repertoire interrupt be true of/ for folk song characteristic poetry poetic give life to be the same with combine depress share feelings and ideas with make contact with master musician compose music ambition regarding melody rhyme passerby pedestrian semi-circle interval plug socket regulate organ echo side road quartet suite session saucer voluntary shrink vacant lid barrel organ handle tap mop spotted all of a sudden popcorn dance to music rockabilly tunnel relay liveliness relief relax collection charm arena scene billboard draw upon signify symbolic numerology mythology hairpin chamber honour heritage present in addition to statuette gramophone critic therefore重点词语：relative give concerts interrupt be true of/ for folk song characteristic give life to be the same with combine depress share feelings and ideas with make contact with master musician compose music ambition regarding passerby pedestrian regulate shrink handle all of a sudden dance to music relay liveliness relief relax draw upon present in addition to therefore词语要点归纳：1. similar adj.相似的；类似的。Their tastes in classical music are similar.他们在古典音乐方面的味口是相似的。搭配be similar to与相似be similar in在相似Your views on education are similar to mine. 你的教育观点和我的类似。Our cars are similar only in color. 我们的车子只是颜色类似。拓展similarity” n. 类似，相似；相似点，类似点similarly adv相同地；同样地做一做练一练2. relative adj.比较上的，比较的，相对的She is living in relative poverty. 她过着较为贫困的生活。与有关系的，关于的（常与to搭配）He asked me some questions relative to my plans. 他问了一些与我的计划相关的问题。n. 亲戚，亲属，亲人He is a near relative of mine. 他是我的近亲。识同辨异relationrelativerelationship（1）前两词作亲戚、亲属时都是可数名词，可换用。如：We have so many relationsrelatives. 我们有那么多的亲戚。（2）在表示亲戚关系、人与人之间的关系时，用relation，不用relative.如：What relation is she to you?她和你是什么关系?（3）在表示个人或亲属之间很深感情的亲密关系时，relation和relationship可换用，但relation还可表示个人与组织、国与国之间的正规或松散关系。如：The local community has good relations with the police. 当地社区与警察关系融洽。拓展（1）relate vt. 讲，叙述；使有联系；符合（常与介词with连用）。如：He related the story to us at length. 他把这个故事详细地讲给我们听了。These two events were related to each other. 这两个事件之间有联系。Your words dont relate well with the facts. 你的话与事实不相符。（2）related adj. 有关的；有亲戚关系的。如：We think all these are closely related questions. 我们认为所有这些都是相互紧密联系的问题。We have the same family name but were not related. 我们是同姓，但没有亲戚关系。（3）relationship 关系或关联。如：The teacher has fl very good relationship with her students. 这位老师和学生们关系很好。归纳have relations with和有关系have relation to有关；和有关系inwith relation to关于；就而论relate with使符合；使关联be related to与有关系做一做 练一练Listen carefully. This question is closely related _ the one to be discussed.A. with B. to C. at D. on3. influence（1）n. 影响力；感化力。后接介词on。My teachers influence made me study science at college. 受我的老师的影响，我上大学学了理科。The influence of climate on crops is obvious. 气候对农作物的影响是显而易见的。Television has a strong influence on people. 电视对人有很大的影响。（2）Vt. 影响；感化My teacher influenced my decision to study science. 我的老师对我学理科的决定起了影响作用。I dont want to influence you. You must decide for yourself. 我不影响你。你必须自己决定。识同辨异affecteffectinfluence（1）affect指三种情况：对某物或某事产生不良的影响。使之改动，使之变化，用于这层意思时没有好坏的意思。感动。（2）effect常作名词用，表示“效果，影响”。（3）influence是指通过劝说、行为、事例等对另一方的行为、性格、观点产生潜移默化的影响。做一做 练一练用influenceeffectaffect填空Smoking _ health.I was deeply _ by the news.What is the _ of the movement?What we read _ our thinking.单项选择Violence on TV may turn out to be a strong _ on some young people.A. impression B. expression C. influence D. influential4. give concerts举办音乐会拓展give a talk作报告give away分发；泄露give back还给give in屈服；让步；投降give lessons给上课give off发出（蒸汽，光等）give out用完；耗尽；散发；分发give sb. a call给打电话give up放弃（后接动名词）give way to被代替；让步做一做 练一练Dont mention that at the beginning of the story，or it may _ the shocking ending.A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off5. include（1）vt. 包括，包含The price includes postage charges. 这个价钱包括邮资在内。（2）vt. 把包括在内I included eggs on the list of things to buy. 我把蛋列在购物单内。拓展included adj. 包括在内的including prep. 包括，包含inclusion n.包括，包含inclusive adj. 包括一切的识同辨异include与containinclude侧重作为整体的一部分或要素contain侧重包含的内容或成分Im included in the team. 我被列为球队的一员。This book contains the information you need. 本书包含你所需要的信息。Our ten-city tour included a visit to London. 我们十个城市旅行包括到伦敦的游览。做一做 练一练The whole class _ the teacher went out to plant trees yesterday.A. contains B. includes C. containing D. includingSea water _ 35 salt.A. contains B. includes C. has D. holds6. where引导的非限定性定语从句She graduated from the Shanghai Conservatory of Music，where she also studied the guzheng in 1993. 她毕业于上海音乐学院。1993年还在那里学习弹奏古筝。例句中where she also studied the guzheng in 1993. 这是where引导的一个非限制性定语从句。注意：（1）where用作连词，引导地点状语从句。“在的地方或方向”。Where there is no rain，farming is difficult or impossible. 在不下雨的地方，农业是困难的或根本不可能。I found my books where I had left them. 我在我原来放书的地方找到了我的书。（2）where用作关系副词引导定语从句。如：That is the building where my father works. 那就是我父亲在里面工作的大楼。She would like to live in a country where it never snows.她喜欢住在不下雪的国家。Thats the place where the accident occurred.那就是事故发生的地点。（3）where用作连接副词. 引导名词性从句。This is where the experiment was done.这就是做实验的地方。（where引导表语从句Where we will hold the meeting hasnt been decided yet.我们将在哪里开会还没有决定下来。（where引导主语从句）做一做练一练If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. that B. which C. when D. where7. lonely识同辨异alonelonelyalone可用作副词，作状语，表示by oneself的意思。亦可作形容词，作表语或定语。用作表语时，意思是“独自一人”；用作定语时，须放在它所修饰的名词后面，意思是“仅仅，唯一”，相当于only。lonely是一个形容词。用作表语是“寂寞的”意思，用作定语是“孤单的，荒凉的，偏僻的”之意。I was traveling alone in the lonely mountain. I didnt feel lonely though I was alone.我独自走在荒凉的山野里。虽孤身一人，但并不感到寂寞。做一做 练一练Though he is _, he doesnt feel _.A. alone；lonely B. lonely；aloneC. alone；alone D. lonely；lonely8. ambition n. 野心；雄心；企图；志气；抱负搭配ambition to bedo sth.of beingdoing sth 的目标夙愿be full of ambition野心勃勃achieverealize ones ambitions 达到目标实现抱负拓展ambitious adj. 志向远大的；有雄心壮志的；渴望的；有野心的搭配ambitious for powersocial position 极欲获得权力社会地位be ambitious to serve the people 一心想为人民服务Her ambition was to be a famous singer. 她的理想是成为著名的歌唱家。He then attempted something more ambitious，a novel of 200，000 words.接着他试图写一部更大的作品，一本二十万字的长篇小说。Her son was filled with ambition to become a great inventor. 她儿子一心想成为伟大的发明家。做一做 练一练Madame Elants son was _ of being a soldier though he was so weak and thin.A. worried B. anxious C. eager D. ambitious9. combine 使结合或混合形成一体，使联合搭配combine A and B或combine A with B 把和结合起来Success was achieved by the combined efforts of the whole team. 全队齐心协力取得了胜利。The new teaching method combines education with pleasure. 这种新的教学方法寓教育于娱乐之中。识同辨异combine，connect，join与unite这组词都有“结合，连接”的意思。combine着重指两个或两个以上的人或事物为了共同的目的而结合在一起，结合后原来的部分可能仍不改变或失去其个体。connect指两物有形的连接，两者仍保持各自的独立性，并常与介词with或to连用构成短语：be connected with “与有联系”；connect with “将相连”；connect sb. to “把某人接通”。join指任何事物的直接连接。连接的程度可紧可松，还能分开之意，如田与田、国与国之间的相互连接，但只与介词to连用。unite意为“联合，团结，团聚”，指很紧密地结合，强调结合成为新的统一体，如指把两部分或两个国家结合成一体。The three parties combined to form a coalition government. 三党结盟组成联合政府。He and the Johnsons are connected by marriage. 他和约翰逊家联姻。His research work is connected with steel industry. 他的研究与钢铁业有关。The new highway has joined the two cities. 新公路把那两个城市连接起来。Oil will not unite water. 油水不相融。Unite to win victories. 团结起来，争取胜利。注意：在join，connect表“连接”的句子中。常用by sth. ，by doing sth. 短语表示“用什么方式”来连接，用at表示连接的地点，有时用with短语表示“用某种材料”来连接。He joined the two pieces of wood together with nails. 他用钉子把这两块木头钉起来。The two railways connect at Zhengzhou. 两条铁路在郑州交汇。做一做 练一练The two countries _ against their common enemy.A. connected B. unitedC. combined D. were combined10. folk n.（1）人们（用复数，集合名词，谓语用复数）Folks have come. 人们都来了。We will behave like country folk. 我们会表现得像乡下人。（2）家人（用复数）How are all your folks?你家里人都好吗?the old folks老人（3）a folk一个民族（4）民间的（作定语）folk singer民间歌手11. characteristic（1）adj. 特有的，表示特性的，典型的The characteristic of her was that she never complained. 从来不发牢骚是她的特性。（2）n. 特性，特征所指特点既可以是同类事物中具有典型意义的，也可以是完全属于个体或个人的。People have been playing the blues for many years，but the music has kept many of its characteristics.多年来人们一直在演奏布鲁斯音乐，但这种音乐的许多特征仍保持不变。A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.骆驼的特点是不喝水也能活很长时间。识同辨异character，characteristic，feature，nature与qualitycharacter意为“品性，德性，人格，特色”，强调性格中道德品质的素养，有“品德”的意思，多为后天教育与培养的结果。characteristic作名词意为“特性，特征，特色”，所指特点既可以是同类事物中具有典型意义的，也可以是完全属于个体或个人的；也可作形容词，意为“典型的，特有的。”feature意为“特征，特色”，指事物突出、引人注目的特点，常专门用来说明人的容貌特征或地貌、地理特征。nature意为“性格，天性，气质”，指人的性格脾气。智力、体力及气质的总称，强调它是天生固有的。quality意为“性质，质地，品质”，可用于人或物，既可指具体特征，也可指抽象特性；既可是先天秉赋的，也可是后天获得的。That man has a firm character now；but in the youth his character was weak and unstable.那个人现在的性格坚强，但少年时代性格软弱，并且反复无常。A useful characteristic of the cat is its ability to see in the dark.猫的实用特点之一是它能在黑暗中看见东西。What are the main features of North Africa according to this map?从这幅地图来看，北非有哪些地理特征?She has a beautiful face through which a beautiful nature shines.她有着美丽的面容，而美丽的心灵通过美丽的面容在闪闪发光。He has many qualities，but his best quality is his kindness which appeals to everyone.他有许多优良品质，其中最突出的是他的和善仁慈，这一点每个人都喜欢。做一做 练一练The twins look alike but have very different _.A. natures B. qualities C. characters D. characteristicDiligence is a _ of the Chinese nation.A. feature B. character C. characteristic D. nature12. connect v. 连接；相通；衔接The railway connects Beijing and Hong Kong. 这条铁路把北京和香港连在一起。The two parts do not connect properly. 这两部分衔接不当。搭配connect A with（to）B=join A to B 指有形两物的连接A be connected with B A与B有联系（with不可用to替换）connect with相连，衔接拓展make a connection with与建立关系have a connection with与有关系in connection接通的in connection with与相关联做一做练一练He is connected _ the Zhangs by marriage.A. to B. by C. with D. fromThe Panama Canal _ the Atlantic with Pacific.A. joins B. connects C. is joined D. is connectedThe two railways _ at Shanghai.A. connect B. are connected C. are joined D. join【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）一、单项填空。1. Last year the number of death increased by 2%-5% _ the year before last.A. comparing to B. comparing with C. to compare with D. compared with2. The child was told to _ for being rude to his uncle.A. excuse B. apologize C. pardonD. forgive3. The little girl can _ music.A. sing for B. sing with C. dance to D. dance with4. She was lucky enough _ the earthquake.A. to surviveB. to run away C. surviving D. run away from5. Imagine _ at the top of the hill, and what wonderful view you will see.A. standing B. stand C. to stand D. stood6.Smoking is bad for your health.Yes, I know. But I simply cant _.A. give it up B. give it in C. give it out D. give it away7. All the names of the guests are _ in the list. I dont forget any of them.A. stored B. included C. appeared D. mixed8. You are required to write _ so that we can see it clearly.A. every other lines B. each other line C. another each line D. every other line9. The police have finally _ the mystery （疑案）.A. succeeded to solve B. succeeded in solvingC. succeeded solving D. succeeded on solving10. Perhaps we need to clear away these books to make _ for our new students.A. place B. area C. space D. room11. This is the _ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.A. true B. original C. real D. practical12. _, _ many boys, Jack like playing football.A. In a fact; in common with B. In fact; asC. In the fact; like D. Actually; in common with13. According to the record reports, one of the rare animals, _ crocodile, is in _ danger of dying out.A. a; the B. / ;as C. / ; the D. the ; /14. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _.A. have been taken place; have been set upB. have taken place; have been set upC. have taken place; have set upD. were taken place; were set up15. We traveled together as far as Chicago, _ we parted.A. when B. which C. why D. where二、完形填空。John had to go to work. So he set off half an hour 16 than usual and arrived at the library before anybody else. The 17 to come was Mr. Steele, who thought, “This must be a wonder. John is 18 the first here. If he came as 19 as this every morning, he would get a lot more 20 done.” John began to get on with his work and by half past nine he had 21 all the postcards he had to write. It was a quarter to ten, and Mary had not arrived 22. He wondered 23 she was ill or if she had taken the day 24. But Mr. Steele came and 25 him if he knew where Mary was. If she were ill, she would 26, he said. Its not like her. Shes usually 27. John said that he had no 28 where Mary was. But 29 the door opened and there was Mary. She was looking very 30 and tired. She apologized to Mr. Steele and explained that she had been 31 most of the night. She hadnt 32 to sleep until five in the morning and had overslept. Mr. Steele was very33 and suggested that she take the day off. She 34 him and said she would stay, but she 35 said a word for the rest of the morning. John, on the other hand, was feeling happy so at one oclock he suggested to Mary that they go and have lunch together, and she agreed.16.A. later B. faster C. slower D. earlier17.A. next B. last C. third D. first18.A. almost B. about C. actually D. finally19.A. soon B. early C. late D. quick20.A. job B. book C. work D. thing21.A. taken B. sold C. finished D. ended22.A. too B. yet C. still D. already23.A. whether B. why C. when D. either24.A. on B. over C. off D. up25.A. told B. warned C. answered D. asked26.A. telephone B. drive C. ride D. stay27.A. later for work B. absent C. ill D. the first to come28.A. question B. idea C. thought D. mind29.A. at that momentB. for a moment C. long before D. after work30.A. happy B. pale C. red D. excited31.A. asleep B. away C. alone D. awake32.A. got B. wanted C. hoped D. begun33.A. cruel B. kind C. angry D. glad34.A. taught B. told C. laughed at D. thanked35.A. hardly B. nearly C. mostly D. immediately三、阅读理解ADick was a twenty-year-old man. His father was a teacher and taught chemistry in a middle school and his mother worked in a shop. They live a happy life until his parents died one night when suddenly an earthquake broke out. Luckily his sister took him to see their aunt in the city and they did not stay at home. Everything was destroyed in the earthquake and the two children got into trouble. Thanks to their aunt who was not rich enough, they grew up but they lived a hard life. His sister was so sad that she became a nun （修女）. After he finished middle school, he was introduced to an owner of a hotel and began to work there.One day the young man fell to the ground while he was cleaning a window on the second floor. He was sent to the hospital and the doctor looked him over. One of his legs was broken and he had to be in hospital. He said to the nurse, “Im a poor man, madam. Arrange a third-class ward （安排一个三等病房） for me, please.”“Cant anybody help you?”“No, madam,” answered Dick. “I have only a sister. Shes nun and shes poor, too.”“I dont think so,” the nurse said angrily. “Nuns usually marry God. And God is the richest in the world, you know!”“Well, then,” Dick said with a smile. “Please arrange a first-class ward for me and post the bill （账单） to my brother-in-law.”36. Dicks parents died _.A. in an accidentB. in the warC. in the earthquake D. from the disease37. Dick and his sister escaped from the earthquake because _They played outside B. they were in a safe placeC. their parents saved them D. the aunt saved them38. The sister and brother lived a hard life because _.A. they lost all B. they were too youngC. they were hurt in the earthquake D. they had to look after themselves39. After Dick finished middle school, _.A. he stayed at home B. he began to look for a jobC. he broke his leg D. he began to work in the hotel40. Which of the following is true ?A. The nurse would arrange a third-class ward for Dick.B. The nurse would arrange a first-class ward for Dick.C. The nurse would post Dicks b