高二英语Unit10自然灾害知识精讲 苏教版

高二英语Unit10自然灾害知识精讲【Part 3 Typical Problems 典题欣赏】1Thats just _ I have been eager to have for years.A. whereB. whatC. whichD. that【题解】选B。what作have的宾语，what相当于the thing that,即先行词+关系代词，可见C、D两项缺先行词，而where表示地点与have搭配意思不对。2When I read this magazine, I found some pages _.A. missedB. stolenC. losingD. missing【题解】选D。形容词missing作宾补，表示“缺页的”“不见了”。3He is the only man _ for the position.A. likelyB. possibleC. probablyD. possibly【题解】选B。likely和possible是形容词，likely只能作前置定语，possible可作前置定语，也可作后置定语。句子的意思是“他是惟一可能得到那个职位的人”。C、D两项是副词，不能作定语。4.Generally speaking, medicine wont have serious side effect _ strictly according to the directions.A. if takenB. when takingC. on takingD. after taken【题解】选A。选项中的动词take表示“吃药”，与medicine是动宾关系，而medicine在主句中是主语，故take应用被动语态，省略句除了省略与主句相同的主语和动词be的某种形式外，时间状语从句只允许when, while, until和once可以省略，after不可用于省略，只能改用介词加宾语。5Which do you enjoy _ your spare time, palying cards at home or taking a walk in the park?A. spendingB. to spendC. having spentD. to have spent【题解】选B。根据全句分析enjoy的宾语为which，与后面的playing cards or taking a walk同位，而句中空档处选不定式表示目的的状语。6“Who are you going to have _ this letter for you?”“Tom.”A. typeB. typedC. been typedD. been typing【题解】选A。此题考查“have sb. do sth.”让某人做某事这一结构。havedoing sth.“让持续做某事”，have sth. done可表示：(1)遭受；(2)请别人做某事。本题解题方法：把答语Tom代入问句中，即为：Im going to have Tom type the letter for me.对Tom进行提问就得到题干的形式。7I _ ping-pang quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year.A. will playB. have playedC. playedD. play【题解】选D。后半句为现在完成时，强调新年以来再没打过，即谈的仍是现在的打球水平，前后句子时态相呼应，故选D。8“Bob, what are you doing?”“Oh. Im sorry I _ that you were here, Mr Li.”A. havent noticedB. wasnt noticingC. am not noticingD. conldnt have noticel【题解】选B。notice这一动作生在犯错误的同时，注意这一动作应正在进行，故选B。9How beautiful she sings! I have never heard _.A. the better voiceB. a good voiceC. the best voiceD. a better voice【题解】选D。“她唱得多好啊！我从来没听过比这更好的声音。”注意句中所含的明显的比较含义。10Its always difficult being in a foreign country. _ if you dont speak the language.A. ExtremelyB. NaturallyC. BasicallyD. Specially【题解】选D。specially意为“特别地”“尤其”，extremely意为“非常”，naturally意为“当然”。【Part 4 Grammar Items 语法指南】省略(Ellipsis)为了避免重复，英语句子中的某些成分可省略，现将常见的几种情况分述如下：主语和谓语的省略，此种情况一般多用于交际英语即口语中。(1)Hope to see you again soon. 希望不久能见到你。(2)Feeling much better today. 今天身体好多了。(3)Sorry I cant go to the cinema with you.对不起，我不能和你一起去看电影。(4)Time for supper. 该吃晚饭了。(5)Doesnt matter. 没关系。(6)Better stay in bed for another two days.最好再卧床休息一两天。疑问句和答句中的省略。(7)You angry? Not very. 你生气了吗？不是非常生气。(8)Going on holiday, are you? 去度假，是吗？(9)“Tom has bought a new jacket.”“When?”“汤姆买了一件新外套。”“什么时候买的？”(10)“Have you talked about it with him?”“Not yet.”“这件事你跟他谈过了吗？”“还没有。”(11)“What have you been doing?”“Writing a composition.”“你一直在做什么？”“写一篇作文。”(12)“The book seems to have been translated into several languages.”“Very likely.”“这本书好像已被译成了好几种文字。”“很可能。”表语和宾语的省略(13)“Is your father an engineer?”“Yes, he is.”“你父亲是一名工程师吗？”“是的。”(14)John was a lover of music and he still is now.约翰过去是个音乐爱好者，现在仍然是。(15)“Is Miss Green in the teachers office?”“I cant tell.”“格林小姐在教师办公室吗？”“我说不清。”(16)“Can you tell me her telephone number?”“Sorry, Ive forgotten.”“你能告诉我她的电话号码吗？”“对不起，我忘了。”祈使句的省略(17)On with the light! 开灯！(18)Up the stairs! 上楼！(19)To the bus stop! 去汽车站！(20)Out of the room! 从房间里出去！用so或not来代替前面提到的内容。如：(21)Are you free now? If so, lets go fishing together.你有空吗？如果有空，我们去钓鱼吧！(22)“Do you think he can win the match?”“I dont think so.”“你认为他能赢得这场比赛吗？”“我看未必。”(23)“The professor is ill.”“So I heard.”“教授病了。”“我也听说了。”(24)“Are you going to go there to have a picnic?”“I hope not.”“你准备去那儿野餐吗？”“我希望不去。”(25)“Can you do this work?”“Im afraid not.”“你能做这件工作吗？”“恐怕不能。”当某些状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时。(26)It isnt good for ones health to read a newspaper while dining.吃饭时看报对身体没有好处。(27)Speak English when possible, speak Chinese when necessary.有可能时就说英语，当必要时才说汉语。(28)Though small, the classroom is very comfortable.教室虽小，但很舒适。(29)We should by every means develop our industry wherever possible.无论什么地方，只要有可能我们就应该想方设法发展工业。(30)Keep quiet while listening to the recorder.听录音时保持安静。不定式的省略，保留to省去后面的动词。(31)My parents hoped I would sutdy medicine, but I didnt want to.我父母亲希望我去学医，但我不愿意。(32)Perhaps Ill go to Brazil this summer. Id very much like to.也许今年夏天我会到巴西去，我非常想去。(33)I dont dance much now, but I used to a lot.我现在不大跳舞，但从前经常跳。(34)I think he should get a job, but you cant force him to.我认为他该找个工作，但不能强迫他。修饰名词way的限制性定语从句常省略in which或that。如：(35)I dont like the way he talks.我不喜欢他讲话的方式。(36)Is this the way your parents?你就是以这种方式与父母讲话的？(37)English words are not always spelled the way they sound.英语单词并不是以发音来拼写的。(38)Write your home address and the date in the way they would appear in a letter to a friend in your own country.按照给你自己国家里朋友写信的格式，写下你的住址和日期。强调句型为It isthat,当强调疑问句时，that常可省略。如：(39)Why was it (that) you were ten minutes late?为什么你迟到了十分钟？(40)whatever it is (that) he is saying, you must listen to her carefully.不论她在说什么，你必须认真听她说。(41)What was it (that) you were doing yesterday evening?你昨天傍晚在干什么？(42)When was it (that) Tom broke the window?汤姆打碎窗子是在什么时候？在某些动词后的宾语补足语或主语补语中可将to be省略。(43)These books are thought (to be) very valuable.这些书被认为很有价值。(44)I consider him (to be) a clever fellow.我认为他是个聪明人。(45)We found his answer (to be) correct.我们认为他的答案是正确的。【语法专项训练】单项选择1“I slipped on the stairs. I think my arm is broken.”“Oh! I _.”A. do not hope toB. do not hopeC. hope not soD. hope not2.“Is Professor Tate very sick?”“Im afraid _.”A. soB. this C. toD. that3.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _.A. itB. thoseC. themD. one4.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.A. not to B. not to doC. not do itD. do not do5.“Do you thind its going to rain ov