高二英语虚拟语气（一）人教实验版知识精讲

高二英语高二英语虚拟语气（一）虚拟语气（一）人教实验版人教实验版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 虚拟语气（一） 学习过程 一. 虚拟语气定义 1. 英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气. 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况， 而是一种表愿望、建议、假设的语气，叫虚拟语气。 二. 虚拟语气的考点 1. 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法； 2. 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 3. 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法； 4. 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法； 5. 虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。 三. 讲解考点 （一）一般条件句中的虚拟语气 时 间If 条件句主 句 过去 had done would should +have done sth. could might 现在 助动词 be 用 were 实义动词 do 用 did would should + do sth. could might 将来 did / were should do were to do would should + do sth. could might 1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick. 2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. 与现在事实相反 3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake. 4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened. 与过去事实相反 5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing. 6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools. 7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life. 与未来事实相反 练习： 1. If I were you, I _ buy the house right now. A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant 2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _ me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should callB. should not have been able C. were not ableD. are not able （二）条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 假设条件虚拟语气的倒装。条件从句中含有 should，were， had 三个助动词并且 放在句首时，可以把 if 省略。 1）If I were you, I would give it up. =Were I you, I would give it up. 2）If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. =Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do? =Should there be a flood, what should we do? （三）名词性从句的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。 1）宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 五个要求：demand , require, request, desire, ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用 should + 动词原形，或者将 should 省略。 例如： 我们建议 Tom 去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。 国王命令囚犯明天要被实施死刑。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。 We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest. He insisted that I (should) be present. The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day. They requested that we (should) send them to work there. 考题点击： 1. The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock. A. finishedB. be finishedC. should finishD. finish 2. What did the doctor say about your mothers illness? He suggested that she _ an operation at once. A. must haveB. hadC. have D. had had 2）以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位 语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire Its suggested that the plan be carried out. My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down. A. 主语从句中的虚拟语气 基本句型： a. It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do b. It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative c. It is a pity, a shame, no wonder 考题点击： 1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takesB. has to takeC. must takeD. take 2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tellB. should tellC. had toldD. has told B. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、 同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 考题点击： His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try 【模拟试题】 （答题时间：20 分钟） 1. I could have called you for help, but I _ your number. A. couldnt have remembered B. didnt remember C. should have remembered D. hadnt remembered 2. She suggested to the police in the police station that Mr. Smith _. A. stole the necklace B. should steal the necklace C. had stolen the necklace D. steal the necklace 3. _ it would stop snowing ! A. If only B. Only if C. Even if D. But for 4. My advice is that he _ so much. A. not smoke B. doesnt smoke C. wont smoke D. must not smoke 5. How I wish I _ that! Everybody present was angry with me. A. didnt do B. hadnt done C. wouldnt do D. wasnt doing 6. _ it to clear up tomorrow, the tourists would climb to the top of the mountain to wait for the sun _. A. If; to raise B. Were; to rise C. Should; to rise D. Because; raising 7. _the expense, I _to Italy. A. If it were not; go B. Were it not for ; I would go C. Werent it for; will go D. If it hadnt been; would have gone 8. His illness was too serious; otherwise he_saved. A. could be B. couldnt have been C. could have D. could have been 9. - I have great difficulty working out this problem. - _ to me, you _ less difficulty with such problems. A. If you had listened , would have had B. If you listened, would have C. Had you listened, would have D. If you listen, will have 10. - Would you have called her up had it been possible? -Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 11. _the fog, we should have reached the top of the hill. A. In spite of B. If there were no C. But for D. Because of 12. Tom insisted what he said _ true and we insisted that he _ and have a look. A. be; should go B. should be; would go C. was ; go D. was ; would go 13. He acts as if he _the owner of the house. A. will be B. has been C. is D. were 14.