（新课标）2020年高二英语暑假作业3

新课标2020年高二英语暑假作业 3（满分100分）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behavior. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme，this theory states that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts(本能)Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behavior.Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching. In the US，for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do.Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.【小题1】This passage is mainly concerned with _.A. relation between personality and behaviorB. relation between behavior and environmentC. different accounts of patterns of human behaviorD. different theories of the formation of human behavior【小题2】The underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 2 means _.A. creators B. advisors C. advocates D. judges【小题3】In Paragraph 5, the author mainly writes about _.A. the considerable influence of the two theoriesB. differences between the blacks and whitesC. racial discrimination in the United StatesD. different responds to intelligence tests【小题4】Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage?A. To call our attention to the changes of human behavior.B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science.C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behavior.D. To present an argument in the field of social science.第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Procrastination (拖延) is a phenomenon we are familiar with. When we procrastinate, we waste our free time and put off important tasks we should do till its too late. 1 Here, I will share some personal steps taken to overcome procrastination with great success.Break your work down into little parts. Part of the reason why we procrastinate is that we find the work too overwhelming (巨大的)for us. Break it down into little parts, and then focus on one part at a time. If you still procrastinate after doing so, break it down even further. 2Change your environment. Look at your work desk and your room. Do they make you want to work or do they make you sleepy? 3Create a detailed timeline with specific deadlines. Having just one deadline for your work is like an invitation to procrastinate. Thats because we would get the impression that we have time and keep pushing everything back until its too late. 4 In this way, you know you have to finish each task by a certain date.5 Im pretty sure if you spend just 10 minutes talking to people like Steve Jobs or Bill Gates, youll be more inspired to act than if you spend the 10 minutes doing nothing. The people we are with influence our behavior.A. Soon, your task will be so simple that you will be thinking you can do it now.B. Seek out someone who has already achieved the similar outcome to your goals.C. Hang out with people who inspire you to take action.D. Having a companion makes the whole process much more fun.E. If its the latter, you should begin to change your workspace.F. Its a bad habit eating us away and stopping us achieving greater success in life.G. Break down your project, and then create an overall timeline with specific deadlines for each small task.第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分40）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mr. Glen is a millionaire. Five years ago, after returning from abroad to his motherland, he 1 up his small company. Speaking of success, Glen often tells us a story about his 2 expensive “school” fees. He always 3 his success to it.At that time, Glen, who already got a Ph. Degree, decided to return to the homeland, starting an undertaking. Before 4 , he bought a Rolex watch with the 5 made through years of work after school and the scholarships. At the airport he had to accept the routine customs check. The watch on his wrist was also demanded to be 6 down for inspection. Glen knew that carrying the specific goods out had to pay the tax. And he worried about paying 7 for his watch. So when he was checked, he told a lie that his watch was a worthless 8 . When he was 9 of his smarts, immediately, 10 the presence of Glen, the officers hit the watch, which 11 nearly ￥100,000, into pieces at hearing Glens words. Glen was amazed. 12 he understood why, he was taken to the office to be 13 strictly. For many times of entry-exit 14 he knew that only those people in the “blacklist” would “enjoy” this special treatment. The officers 15 every thing carefully in the box, and warned him no matter what time of entry and exit he must accept the check and if 16 reusing and carrying fake and shoddy（伪劣）goods, he would be 17 according to law! Suddenly, his face turned red, and he had nothing in mind after boarding the plane for long.After returning to the homeland, he often told the story to his family, and his employees, too. He said that this made a deep 18 on him, because an additional high “school” fee that he had ever paid made him realize the value of 19 , which he would 20 as the secret of his success forever.1. A. setB. cameC. wentD. called2. A. goodB. badC. extraD. few3. A. ownsB. owesC. belongsD. possesses4. A. stayingB. leavingC. livingD. coming5. A. booksB. thingsC. savingsD. pounds6. A. putB. lookedC. takenD. lied7. A. oneB. itC. themD. these8. A. presentB. tradeC. toyD. fake9. A. afraidB. proudC. wellD. hard10. A. inB. onC. beforeD. after11. A. paidB. spentC. tookD. cost12. A. BeforeB. AfterC. IfD. Though13. A. appreciatedB. beatenC. spokenD. examined14. A. conditionsB. experiencesC. experimentsD. chances15. A. looked outB. looked up C. looked overD. looked round16. A. came outB. found outC. sent outD. set out17. A. hitB. blamedC. praisedD. charged18. A. expressionB. ideaC. thoughtD. impression19. A. honestyB. liesC. goodsD .things20. A. rememberB. learnC. reviseD. read第2节 阅读下面材料，用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空(10)Many years ago, when I worked _1_ a volunteer at Stanford Hospital, I got to know a little girl name Liza _2_ was suffering from a rare and serious disease. Her only chance of recovering appeared to be a blood transfusion from _3_ five-year-old brother, who _4_ (survive) the same disease and developed the antibodies needed to combat the illness. The doctor explained the situation to her little brother, and asked the boy _5_ he would be willing to give his blood to his sister. I saw him hesitate for a moment _6_ taking a deep breath and saying, “Yes, Ill do it if it will save Liza.”As the transfusion progressed, he lay in a bed next to his sister, _7_ (smile). But then his face grew pale and his smile faded. He looked at the doctor and asked with _8_ trembling voice, “Will I start to die right away?”Being young, the boy had _9_ (understand) the doctor. He thought he was going to have to give her _10_ his blood.第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分30）第1节 短文改错（10分）One day, I was cooking in the kitchen while the telephone rings. I went to answer it immediately. She was my close friend, Lisa. When we were talking on a phone, the fire alarm sounded. I ran back to the kitchen. The room full of smoke and the beef was badly burnt. I quickly turned off the gases, opening all the windows, and then went out of the house. In my surprise, two fire engines were outside my house. I was rather worried. I told about the firemen that it was my careless cooking which caused the heavy smoke.第2节 书面表达（20分）湖南卫视策划的“超级女生”节目热播，在很多观众特别是中学生中引起了很大反响, 上周你们班也为此展开了一场讨论。请你根据提示将讨论情况写成一篇英语短文 观点支持者对比赛高度赞扬，理由是它给一些平凡却爱唱歌的女孩子提供了一个通过竞赛展示才华/展示自我的舞台或机会。激励了她们的竞争意识（sense of competing）。反对者不赞成，理由是花费了太多的时间和精力，这些女孩大部分还是学生，不能集中注意力(concentrate on)学习，对他们的学习产生不良影响。你的观点注意：1、行文连贯，内容应完整： 2、题目和开头语已经给出；3、词数100左右。答案：第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第二节 （共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。答案及解析：D C A D试题分析: 本文主要讨论了人的个性和智力是先天形成的还是受环境影响的小题1D主旨大意题。首段首句指出作者要讨论的问题，第 2 段开始从两个方面解释该问题，末段是总结段，由此看来，首段首句和末段首句提到的 human behavior 是本文的中心内容，虽然文章首段第2句就提到 intelligent 一词，但该句的 intelligent， cooperative， competitive 等都只是举例说明首句有关 personalities 和 behaviors 的问题， 由此可见，选项 B 并非本文主旨；作者提到两种理论是为了解释性格和行为形成的原因，并非讨论这两种理论形成的原因，因此 A和C两项均不正确。选D小题2C猜词题。根据文章内容，我们可以判断 proponent 应指人，指这两种理论的支持者，只有advocates“拥护者”符合这种推测，故选 C。小题3A段落大意题：题干问第五段主要关于什么，这要看第五段的结构。第一句Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching.很明显是个概括句，下面的论据是为了证明这两个理论的相当大的影响。选A小题4D写作意图题：结合文章的首尾可知作者的写作目的是为了介绍社会科学领域的一个争论吗，答案选D第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。答案及解析：FAEGC第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分40）第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。答案及解析：ACBBC CBDBA DADBC BDDAA第3节 阅读下面材料，用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空(10)答案及解析：1. as 2. who 3. her 4. had survived 5. whether6. before 7. smiling 8. a 9. misunderstood 10. all第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分30）第3节 短文改错（10分）as-when rings-rangShe-It on a phone-on the phonethe room full of-the room was full ofopening -opened window-win