广东省深圳市2020届高三英语第一次调研考试试题（含解析）

广东省深圳市2020届高三英语第一次调研考试试题（含解析）注意事项：1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFrances Stevens Reese Wooldland Trail GuideThe Woodland Trail was opened to the public on October 21, 1997. Boscobels Board of Directors adopted a formal decision of naming the Woodland Trail in honor of former Boscobel board member, Fances Stevens Reese (1917-2020), one year after his death.The trail(小径) is approximately 10 miles in length, leading down to Constitution Forest. When the West Point Glass Factory was operating during the Civil War, trees for miles around were cleared to provide firewood. Walking out of the forest, you will find a large mass of native hard rock about three billion years old.Throughout this country path, you will find picture boards identifying birds and plants local to this region. You will also find signs with historic and environmental information written by area specialists.When you take a walk through this “undiscovered” forest land, please be a considerate guest.Before walking the trail, please purchase a pass in the Carriage House. Plan ahead, so you will be back by closing time.Follow the trail markers and remain on the trail. Besides protecting the fragile forest ecosystem, you will reduce the risk of poison plants and snakes.Leave rocks, plants, animals and art works where you see them so that the person behind you can have the same experience.Carry out whatever you carry in because there are no rubbish containers on the trail. If you happen to see a piece of litter, be a good guest and pick it up.1. When was the trail named to honor Frances Stevens Reese?A. In 1997.B. In 1917C. In 2020D. In 20202. What can you see along the trail?A. An old battle field.B. A glass factory.C. Information signs.D. Rock houses.3. What should you do as a thoughtful visitor?A. Leave the wildlife undisturbed.B. Throw the rubbish into the dustbins.C. Make reservations in the Carriage House.D. Protect the markers of the Woodland Trail.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一条以博斯科贝尔前董事会成员Fances Stevens Reese(1917-2020)的名字命名一条林地小径的情况和参观的注意事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。第一段第二句Boscobels Board of Directors adopted a formal decision of naming the Woodland Trail in honor of former Boscobel board member, Fances Stevens Reese (1917-2020), one year after his death.（博斯科贝尔的董事会通过了一项正式决定，在博斯科贝尔前董事会成员芬斯史蒂文斯里斯去世一年后，以芬斯史蒂文斯里斯(1917-2020)的名字命名这条林地小径。）可知这条纪念弗朗西丝史蒂文斯里斯的小道是2020年命名的。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。第三段Throughout this country path, you will find picture boards identifying birds and plants local to this region. You will also find signs with historic and environmental information written by area specialists.（在这条乡间小路上，你会发现一些图板，上面画着当地的鸟类和植物。你还会发现由地区专家撰写的带有历史和环境信息的标志。）可知你可以看到沿途的信息标志。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段When you take a walk through this “undiscovered” forest land, please be a considerate guest.（当你漫步在这片“未被发现”林地时，请做一位体贴入微的客人。）可知要做一个体贴的游客，不要打扰野生动物。故选A。【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。如第三小题，根据第四段When you take a walk through this “undiscovered” forest land, please be a considerate guest.（当你漫步在这片“未被发现”的林地时，请做一位体贴入微的客人。）可知要做一个体贴的游客，不要打扰野生动物。故选A。BKevin, diagnosed with Dyslexia(读写困难症), rarely spoke a word in class, and if he did, it would be a “ Yes,” “No,” or “Maybe,” in response to questions. He always scored badly in tests and saw no hope for the future. That was until he met Sarah, an advisor at a youth centre Kidpreneur.In 2020, Kevin attended a course called Ready Set Go in that centre. The course was for disadvantaged kids in Kingswood a low income area in Sydneys western suburbs and its goal was to teach the kids how to create businesses and offer value to the neighborhood.At the end of the course, Sarah took the kids to the local area. She asked volunteers to share their business experiences Kevin immediately put up his hand. His challenge was to trade his hot dog selling service for free bread at a bakery. Although scared, Kevin was able to share his entrepreneur(创业) story with the shop owner and asked if he could exchange his service for some bread. Unexpectedly, the shop owner told Kevin how moved he was by his story and handed him some bread for free. By the end of the afternoon, his belief in himself and what was possible was at an all- time high.The following week, Kevin sold 70 hot dogs in two hours and made over $200. Soon after, he delivered public speeches in 20 schools, and was selected as part of his schools leadership team. Now he heads a business group working on how to increase potential customer base.All of his would not have been possible if Kevin had not found his passion and perseverance to improve himself and those around him. The guidance and trust of his advisor also helped to kindle his enthusiasm to go after his goals and dreams in life.4. What were the kids expected to achieve in the Ready Set Go course?A. To improve their test scores.B. To create a hot- dog business.C. To teach in low-income areas.D. To be beneficial to the local area.5. How did Kevin feel after visiting the local bakery?A. Scared.B. ConfidentC. Touched.D. Grateful.6. What does the underlined word “ kindle” probably mean?A. InspireB. Share.C. Continue.D. Express.7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. On the Road to RecoveryB. Turning Failure into Success.C. Growing Wealthy through Hard Work.D. From Hopeless Youth to Business Leader【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一门名为Ready Set Go的课程。该课程是为悉尼西郊低收入地区Kingswood的贫困儿童开设的，其目标是教孩子们如何创建企业，并为社区提供价值。其中以患有读写困难症的Kevin为例，展示了如何让一个没有希望的年轻人成长为一个商业领导者的经过。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句its goal was to teach the kids how to create businesses and offer value to the neighborhood.（它的目标是教孩子们如何创建企业，并为社区提供价值。）可知在Ready Set Go课程中孩子们被期望对当地提供价值。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句By the end of the afternoon, his belief in himself and what was possible was at an all- time high.（到下午结束的时候，他对自己和可能性的信心达到了空前的高度。）可知Kevin参观了当地的面包店后感觉非常自信。故选B。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文his enthusiasm to go after his goals and dreams in life可知导师的指导和信任“激发”了他追求人生目标和梦想的热情。故可知划线单词意思为“激发；鼓舞”。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容为介绍了一门名为Ready Set Go的课程。该课程是为悉尼西郊低收入地区Kingswood的贫困儿童开设的，其目标是教孩子们如何创建企业，并为社区提供价值。其中以患有读写困难症的Kevin为例，展示了如何让一个没有希望的年轻人成长为一个商业领导者的经过。D选项最符合题意,又能吸引读者。故选D。CA woman held her phone tightly to her heart the way a church-goer might hold a Bible. She was anxious to take a picture of an impressive bunch of flowers that sat not so far away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others pushing their way to do the same. The cause of this was Bouquets to Art, one of the most popular events at the de Young Museum in San Francisco.Flower sellers were asked to create flower arrangements that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. Its extremely attractive and also memorable, to the point that it has become a problem.In recent years, the de Young received more than a thousand complaints from people who felt that cell phones had spoiled their experience of the exhibit. institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge attraction for museums, as well as something that upsets some of their patrons (资助人). So the de Young responded with a kind of compromise: carving out photo free hours during the exhibitions six-day run.One common complaint about the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them. A study recently published in the journal Psychological Science suggests there is some truth to this. It finds that people who keep taking photos of an exhibit and posting them on social media rather than simply observing it, have; a hard time remembering what they see. But the issue is complex for the professionals running museums. Linda Butler, the de Youngs head of marketing and visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be a photo-taking playland. Yet a lot of people do and she believes that the de Young is in no position to judge one reason for buying a $28 ticket to be more valid than another. If we removed social media and photography, she says, we would risk becoming irrelevant. 8. What was the woman eager to do according to Paragraph 1?A. To get her phone.B. To take a photo.C. To escape the crowd.D. To push ahead.9. How did the de Young respond to the dilemma?A. By setting periods without photo-taking.B. By making the exhibition free of charge.C. By compromising with the government.D. By extending the free exhibition hours.10. The recent study finds that the use of social media in museums may .A. uncover the truthB. play a negative roleC. accumulate evidenceD. cause many complaints11. Which of the following may Linda Butler support?A. Catering to visitors.B. Reducing admission prices.C. Reserving judgement in public.D. Banning social media and photography.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了一家博物馆收到了很多人的抱怨，抱怨者们纷纷称已经影响了他们的看展体验，因为拍照的欲望成了一些人去博物馆的巨大动力，也成了另外一些老顾客心烦的原因。于是，该博馆物采取了一个折中的办法：在展期内抽出“无拍照”时间。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“She was anxious to take a picture of a bunch of flowers”可知，女人非常渴望拍照，故B项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“So the de Young responded with a kind of compromise: carving out “photo free” hours during the exhibitions six-day run.”可知，面对人们的抱怨，博物馆采取了一个折中的办法：在展期内抽出“无拍照”时间，故A项正确。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“One common complaint in the ongoing debates over the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them.”可知，在社交媒体对博物馆文化影响的争论中，一个常见的抱怨是，人们似乎错过了体验，因为他们太忙于收集证据，也就是社交媒体的使用在参观博物馆过程中起消极的作用，故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句“If we removed social media and photography”, she says, “we would risk becoming less popular.”可知，她认为，如果限制适用社交媒体和拍照，博物馆可能变得不那么受欢迎，由此可知，Linda Butler认为博物馆要迎合游客，故选A。【点睛】关于观点态度的推理判断题难度较大，紧紧抓住人物在文章中所说的话是关键，例如本篇第4题，根据第四段倒数第二句Linda Butler 所说的“If we removed social media and photography”, she says, “we would risk becoming less popular.”可知，她认为，如果限制适用社交媒体和拍照，博物馆可能变得不那么受欢迎，言外之意，Linda Butler认为博物馆要迎合游客。DMost autonomous vehicles test-driving in cities navigate (导航) by using 3-D maps marking every edge of roadside with almost centimeter-level accuracy. But few places have been mapped in such detail, which has left most areas like smaller towns inaccessible to those driverless cars.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) now have developed a new navigation system that guides autonomous vehicles without such accurate maps. This technology can help driverless cars travel almost anywhere.The navigation system maps out a course down unfamiliar roads much as a human driver would by continually scanning its surroundings, with a laser sensor (激光感应器), to measure how close it is to the edges of the road. Meanwhile, the car also follows a tool like a smart phone map app that provides directions to its destination, as well as information about the rules of the road, such as speed limits and the positions of stoplights. Teddy Ort, a roboticist at MIT, test-drove a car equipped with this navigation system on a one-way road. It slowly traveled one kilometer without any human assistance.This system assumes that a car has a clear path down the road, but it can be paired with other existing computing technology to discover in-road obstacles (障碍), says Ort. The researchers also plan to build a version of this system which can spot markings painted on streets, so that the car can drive on two-way roads. Self-driving cars with this navigation system may need other sensors to work in different conditions,” Alexander Wyglinski, and electrical engineer at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Since laser sensors dont work well in rain or snow, these cars might need additional imaging technologies to drive safely in bad weather. 12. What may be a problem for most driverless cars?A. They fail in test-driving.B. Their maps are out-dated.C. They run in limited areas.D. Their guides are unreliable.13. What can we infer about the MIT navigation system?A. It includes accurate maps.B. It removes in-road obstacles.C. It works by detecting the road.D. It features a smart phone app.14. What is the purpose of Paragraph 4?A. To confirm the test-drive results.B. To indicate further research areas.C. To recognize scientists achievements.D. To show the creativity of driverless cars.15. What is the main idea of the text?A. Autonomous cars beat human drivers on country roads.B. Navigating self-driving cars may work in different conditions.C. Smart mapping technology adds to the functions of self-driving cars.D. A new navigation system helps autonomous cars drive remote roads.【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。麻省理工学院(MIT)的研究人员现在已经开发出一种新的导航系统，可以在没有精确地图的情况下引导自动驾驶汽车。这项技术可以帮助无人驾驶汽车几乎在任何地方行驶。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句But few places have been mapped in such detail, which has left most areas like smaller towns inaccessible to those driverless cars.（但很少有地方被绘制得如此详细，这使得无人驾驶汽车无法进入像小城镇这样的大部分地区。）可知对大多数无人驾驶汽车来说，可能存在他们只能在有限的地区活动的问题。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句The navigation system maps out a course down unfamiliar roads much as a human driver would by continually scanning its surroundings, with a laser sensor, to measure how close it is to the edges of the road.（导航系统在不熟悉的道路上绘制路线，就像人类司机一样，用激光传感器不断地扫描周围的环境，以测量它与道路边缘的距离。）可知MIT导航系统通过是通过探测道路来工作的。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中The researchers also plan to build a version of this system which can spot markings painted on streets, so that the car can drive on two-way roads.（研究人员还计划建立一个版本的系统，可以识别街道上的标记，这样汽车就可以在双向道路上行驶。）以及最后一句Since laser sensors dont work well in rain or snow, these cars might need additional imaging technologies to drive safely in bad weather. （“由于激光传感器在雨雪天气中不能很好地工作，这些汽车可能需要额外的成像技术才能在恶劣天气下安全地行驶。”）可知第四段的目的在于指出进一步的研究领域。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容为介绍麻省理工学院(MIT)的研究人员现在已经开发出一种新的导航系统，可以在没有精确地图的情况下引导自动驾驶汽车。这项技术可以帮助无人驾驶汽车几乎在任何地方行驶。故D选项符合题意。第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Tell a Great StoryIn this information age, business leaders wont be heard unless theyre telling stories. Facts and figures dont stick in our minds at all. But stories create sticky memories by attaching emotions to things that happen. _16_. Here is how to use story-telling to your benefit.Start with a messageEvery story-telling exercise should begin by asking: Who is my audience and what is the message I want to share with them? _17_. For instance, if you are trying to convince senior leaders to take a risk by supporting your project, you can tell them that most companies are built on taking smart chances._18_The best story-tellers look to their own life details and memories for ways to draw attention to their message. There may be a tendency not to want to share personal events at work, but experiences that indicate how they overcome their struggle are what make leaders appear authentic.Keep it simpleSome of the most successful and memorable stories are relatively simple and straightforward. Dont tell your audience what shoes you were wearing if it doesnt better the story. _19_, such as your feelings and the humble beginnings of a now-great company. They can attract your listeners and-get your main message across.Dont make yourself the heroYou can be a central figure in a story, but the final focus should be on people you know, lessons youve learned, or events youve witnessed. When you talk about how great you are, the audience shuts down. _20_A. Show good humorB. Provide vital detailsC. Use personal experiencesD. Each decision about your story should flow from those questionsE Leaders always tell stories to persuade others to support a project or to face challengesF. The more you make yourself a star, the less likely your audience will buy your messageG. That means leaders who can create and share good stories gain a great advantage over【答案】16. G 17. D18. C 19. B20. F【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了如何讲好故事的四种建议。【16题详解】根据上文But stories create sticky memories by attaching emotions to things that happen.（但故事通过将情感与发生的事情联系起来，创造出“粘性”记忆。）本句进一步解释说明上文观点的意思：这意味着那些能够创造和分享好故事的领导者会获得更大的优势。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文Who is my audience and what is the message I want to share with them?（谁是我的听众，我想和他们分享什么信息?）可知是在提问，故可对应到D选项中those questions。表示“关于你的故事的每一个决定都应该从这些问题中得出”代入符合语境。故选D。【18题详解】根据下文The best story-tellers look to their own life details and memories for ways to draw attention to their message.（最好的说故事的人会从自己的生活细节和记忆中寻找吸引注意力的方法。）可知是在建议使用一些个人的真实经历，故选C。【19题详解】根据下文such as your feelings and the humble beginnings of a now-great company.（比如你的感受，以及现在一家伟大公司的卑微开端。）可知是一些具体的细节部分，故选B“提供重要细节”。【20题详解】根据本段小标题Dont make yourself the hero（不要让自己成为英雄）根据语境可对应到F选项：你越让自己成为明星，你的听众就越不可能相信你的信息。 故选F。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A,B , C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My family is big on baseball. Grandpa _21_ coached his team to two national games. Father played for three different colleges and was _22_ asked to try out for the Los Angeles Angels, one of the top teams in the US. Minutes before I was born, my _23_ were watching a live baseball match on TV You could say I was _24_ to play the game, but frankly, all through. elementary school, I hated it.I