高中英语 Module7 Revision-grammar学案 外研版必修1

模块7修订版-grammer归属节(a)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导1，关系代词：who，whom，whose，which，that，as 2，关系副词：when，where，why关系代词和关系副词必须位于子句的开头，在订单章先行词之后起到连接先行词和子句的作用，同时在子句中也起到句子成分的作用。e . g . she is the girl who sings best of all。(关系代词who在子句中用作主体)the comrade with whom I came knows French .(whom是子句中介词with的对象)3、关系代词及关系副词的使用：1)成为先行词时，谁是主体，谁是客体；2)先行词是事物或整个句子的时候，使用which进行主语，但可以作为宾语使用；先行词可以用作人、物、物that、主语或宾语；4)谁用作属性，可以指人或物。5)关系副词when(时间，定语从句的时间副词，where(位置，定语从句的位置副词)，why(原因，定语从句的原因副词)。(b)限制属性子句和非限制属性子句1，限制性定语从句：从句与主句有密切关系，去掉从句，主句意思不完整，甚至不合逻辑。e . g . I was the only person in our office who was invited。(删除attributive子句意味着不完整)第二，非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词没有密切关系，去掉从句的意义仍然完整。形式上用逗号分隔，不能用that诱导。E.g. Toms father，who is over sixty，still works hard day and night。(谁能指导非限制性定语从句，把整个句子分成两句来翻译)(c)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题1、that和which之间的区别。1)如果用that代替which前置词是否定代词all，anything，nothing，先行词中最高级的修改、序数修改；前置语有only，very，any等单词变体。先行词是人和物的时候。(5)主要句子是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。e . g . there is nothing that can prevent him from doing it。什么也不能阻止他辞掉那份工作。the first place that they visited in Guilin was elephant trunk hill。他们在桂林访问的第一个地方是象鼻山。this is the best film that I have ever seen。这是我看过的最好的电影。Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows。史密斯老师是他认识的唯一外国人。they talk about the teachers and schools that they had visited .我在说他们去过的那些学校和老师。2)使用which代替that的情况：引导非限制性定语从句；先行词本身是that的时候。介词关系代词。E.g. he had failed in the mathsexam，which made his father very angry。他数学考试不及格这一事实激怒了他父亲。this is the room in which my father lived last year。爸爸去年住的房子。that which you told him about is what we want to know .你告诉他的是我们想知道的。3)在引导attributive子句时使用as表示限制属性子句通常为the same.as，such.用于as结构。e . g . I want the same shirt as my friend s。我需要和我朋友一样的衬衫。such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China。我们车间使用的这台机器是中国制造的。as可将非限制性定语从句放在主要句子之前或主要句子之后，用于修改整个句子。通常使用以下句型：as is known to all、as is said、as is reported、as is announced、as web all know、as I expect等。E.g. as I expected，he got the first place again this mid-term examition。正如我预料的，这次期中考试又得了第一名。3)引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别主要句子和从句的意思一致时使用as。相反，使用which指导非限制性attributive子句。E.g. he made a long speech，as we expected。He made a long speech，which was uneexpected。非限制性定语从句是否定的时候，由which诱导。E.g. Tom drinks a lot every day，which his wife doesnt like at all .2.当关系代词成为子句中的主语时，子句的谓语动词单数或复数形式必须由先行词决定。e . g . the man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently。住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。the students who are in grade three are going to climb the hill tomorrow .3.attributive子句有时不会直接附在前置项上，中间分为一个attributive、副词或谓语。e . g . there is an expression in his eyes that I can t understand。4.引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词hurch”代替。E.g. october1，1949 was the day on which(=when)the people s Republic of China was founded。5.当定语从句的谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，不要去掉短语动词的每个固定部分。e . g . the sick man whom she is looking after is her father。6.介词在关系代词之前只能使用which和whom，不能省略；介词可以在句子末尾，关系代词可以在which，that，whom，口语中使用who，也可以省略。e . g . the man(whom/who/that)you were taling about has come to school。练习，属性子句首先，将以下句子对组合成包含attributive子句的主从复合句：1.The fan is on the desk .You want it。2.the man is in the next room .he brought our textbooks here yesterday。3.the magazine is mine。he has taken it away。4.the students will not pass the exam .they dont study hard .5.the woman is our geography teacher。you saw her in the park。6.the letter is from my sister。I received it yesterday。7.the play was wonderul。we saw it last night。8.the train was late。it was going to Nanning。9.the boy is my brother .he was here a minute ago。10.the tree is quite tall。he is climbing it。11.here is the girl。her brother works in this shop。12.thats the child .we were looking at his drawing just now。13.this is the boy。his sister is a famous singer。14.I want to talk to the boys。their home work haven t been handed in。15.Is that the woman？Her daughter is in my class。16.he used to live in a big house。in front of it grew many banana trees。17.they passed a factory。at the back of the factory there were rice fields。18.the soldier ran to the building。on the top of it flew a flag。19.in the evening they arrived at a hill .at the foot of the hill there was a temple。20.she came into a big room。in the middle of it stood a large table。第二，根据句子的意思在第一个空格中填充介词，并填充第二个关系代词whom或which:1.the person _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about。2.the pencil _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ he was writing broke。3.wudong，_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I went to the concert，enjoyed it very4.the two things _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Marx was not sure were the grammer and some of the idioo5.herbag，_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ she put all her books，has not been found。6.the stories about the long March，_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ this is one example，and三、选择填空：1.the man _ _ _ visited our school yesterday is from London。A.whoB .whichC .whomD。when2.the woman _ _ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers。A.whoseB。whoC .whomD。which3.because of my poor memory，all _ _ _ you told me has been forgotten。A.thatB .whichC .whatD .as4.do you remember those days _ _ _ we spent along the seashore very happey？A.whenB。where C. whichD。卫生组织5.Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera _ _ he lost last week。A.whichB。thatC .whomD。as6.those _ _ _ want to go please sign their names here。A.whomB。whichC .whoD。when7.where is the man _ _ _ I met this morning？A.whenB。whereC .whichD。卫生组织8.who is the woman _ _ is sweeping the floor over there？A.whoB ./C. thatD .when9.