创设高中英语情境教学的新思考

创设高中英语情境教学的新思考英语情境教学是以情境教学基本理论为基础,在教学过程中为了达到既定的教学目的,从教学需要出发,创设与教学内容相适应的具体场景或氛围,引起学生的情感体验,帮助学生迅速而正确地理解教学内容,促进他们的心理机能全面和谐地发展,从而提高教学效率。情境教学遵循反映论原理,创设以形象为主体、富有感情色彩的具体场景或氛围,以激发学生的学习动机、学习情趣和潜在智能,促进其综合语言运用能力的提高,使他们各方面素质都得到提高。一、创设互动情景，诱导积极参与课堂活动英语是一门实践性很强的学科,语言的交际性注定了英语教学必然是参与型的教学。学生只有在参与的过程中才有机会运用语言知识,才能形成交际能力和发展其他相关素质。在参与型的课堂教学中,学生具有很强的学习动机,他们会主动进行交流并积极进行自我评价。只有组织学生参与课堂教学的全过程,学生才能成为真正意义上的课堂的主体,才能在参与过程中发展英语语言素质。参与的过程也是学生发展个性、展示个人综合素质的过程。没有强烈的动机、良好的心态和创新意识,学生就不会主动参与英语课堂活动。在学习高中英语必修 Unit One Friendship(Period Two) Reading时，教师是这样创设情境,诱导学生自主参与表达观点的。In Pre-reading step, I get the students to discuss the questions on Page 2 with their partners. Then ask the students to report their work. Encourage the students to express their different opinions. Make it clear that not only can we make friends with human beings, but also with animals and even things that have no life.T: Now please look at the slide show. And discuss these questions with your partners. Then Ill ask some students to report your work. Are you clear?Ss: Yes, sir/madam.Show the following questions on the screen.1. Why do you need friends? Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you.2. What do you think a good friend should be like? List what a good friend should do and share the list with your partners.3. Does a friend always have to be a person? What else can be your friend?4. Do you think a diary can become your friend? Why or why not?After the Ss discussion, teacher says the following.T: Now whod like to answer the first question? Volunteer!S1: Let me try. I think friends are important to all of us.Because we need to help with each other.S2: We also need someone to care and understand, to share sorrows and happiness.S3: Everyone needs a friend to be true to us whether near or far apart. T: Quite right. Next question?S4: I think my good friend should have a lot in common and our thoughts are always near. S5: I need my friends to give me courage to solve all kinds of problem.S6: I think my friends should support me whenever I need help.S7: Id like my friends to communicate with me frequently. S8: In my opinion, my friends should have the same kind of sense of humor so that we can laugh together. T: Terrific! I wish everyone to have some good friends whose friendship always be treasured in our hearts. Not only can we make friends with human beings, but also with animals and even things that have no life. How about the third question?S9: Yes, because persons can understand and communicate with each other more easily and conveniently.S10: I think other things like pets, books, toys, balls, and instruments can also be our friends.T: Wonderful! You have a very great imagination. Now who can answer the last question?S11: Yes, I think so. Because you can tell everything to it freely, it can accompany me all the time. It never needs me to pay back. S12: But I dont think so. Because its unbelievable for a person to communicate with a diary. And your secrets will be easily and completely let out in case that it is read by others or your diary books are lost. If I had been Anne, I would have made friends with my parents.T: Most of our friends are human beings, but sometimes we make friends with animals or even things like diary. Youve done an excellent job.在所创设情境的诱导下,学生迅速进入角色,大胆参与课堂活动,在参与中深化对课文的理解,领悟语言知识的规律,发展良好的心理素质。从学生口中主动说出来的英语,远远胜过被动灌输的现成的语言知识,因为这是学生自主思维和创新运用语言知识表达思想的结果。有了学生的参与,课堂教学才能呈现其动态交际活动的生命力。 二、创设想象情境，培养学生创新思维能力爱因斯坦曾说:“想象力比知识更重要,因为知识是有限的,而想象力概括着世界上的一切,推动着进步,并且是知识进化的源泉,严格地说,想象力是科学研究中的实在因素。”想象力是创造思维能力必不可少的有机组成部分,更是创造性人才必须具备的智能素质。对学生想象力的训练,是指创设一定的情境,引导学生运用头脑中的已有表象创造新的形象。接着分组展开讨论，让学生自己选择自己熟悉的事物和自己喜欢的学习伙伴，共同编写故事，集体创造，把想象的内容具体地讲出来，学生在交流合作中相互启发、相互沟通、相互学习，使想象更充实、更完善，激发学生的想象力，努力提高学生的创新素质。例如，在学习Unit 2 English around the world这篇阅读课文之后,教师为了巩固所学内容,为了进一步开拓学生的思维,激发其想象力,绘制了一幅未来家庭的图画挂在黑板上。创设这一情境的目的是为学生提供一个可以充分发挥想象的空间。In post-reading step, I want to check the Ss understanding of the text. I will ask the students to express ones own opinion. T: There are many kinds of English. Which kind of English are we learning?Ss: Both AE and BE.Show questions on the screen and ask a student to read them.T: Please discuss these questions and tell us your answers. 1. Do you think it matters what kind of English you learn? Why?2. Why do you think people all over the world want to learn English? 3. Will Chinese English become one of the world English?After a few minutes.T: OK, Ill ask some groups to report their opinions. Group 1, can you tell us your opinion?S: Yes. I think we should learn BE because other kinds of English came from it.T: Any different ideas?S: In my opinion, we can learn any kind of English because people can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.T: Wonderful! What about the second question?S: With the development of economy, it is necessary for people from different countries to communicate with each other. So we need a language to be work language, while English is the most widely used language. So people all over the world want to learn English.T: Very good! Whats your opinion?S: I think because of the wide use of computer, people have to learn English. Computer plays an important part in the popularity of English.T: OK. Question 3.Yes or no？S: My answer is “yes”. A large number of Chinese especially young people are learning English. English is communicating with Chinese culture. There will be Chinese English.T: Only time will tell. Now we know English is spoken in so many countries and it plays an important part in the world. If we learn English well, we can listen to English song, read English novels, travel in English speaking countries comfortably and communicate with foreigners easily. Also, it is of great help not only to our own development but also to the development of our country. 通过这样创设情境,可以激发学生的灵感和想象,使学生的思路由书中提供的一个“点”发散出去,努力扩展至一切能说明教材内容或与教材内容有关,或由教材内容引发出来的事例。这种训练还包含了对学生广泛的联想力和举一反三的自学能力的培养。持之以恒地训练下去,就会使学生在受到某种触动时自然而然地把思考范围拓展开去,多向散射而使思维极具活力。三、创设问题情境,引发学生合作探究精神所谓问题情境,是指在一定的情境中依据教学内容向学生提出需要解答的问题,激发学生的求知热情,达到教学目标的要求。学生学习的积极性被激发起来时,也就是学生思维最活跃的时候,往往是教师提供或学生主动提出一些富有启发意义的问题的时候。在课堂教学中,创设良好的问题情境能有效地激发并维持学生的学习兴趣,为课堂教学创设一种紧张、活跃、和谐、生动、张弛有度的理想气氛,进而培养学生的思维能力。例如,在学习高中英语必修 Unit Three Travel Journal (Period Two）Reading时,教师是这样一环套一环地创设问题情境的:T: Great. Now lets read a passage about a journey down the Mekong River. Please read the passage first and discuss in six groups . Then Id like to ask you some questions on the text.Show the questions on the screen. Give the students five minutes to read the passage and then check their answers questions.1. What was Wang Kun and Wang Weis idea of a good trip?2. Who planned the trip to the Mekong?3. Where is the source of the Mekong River and which sea does it enter?4. What can you see when you travel along the Mekong River?5. What difficulties did Wang Kun and Wang Wei find about their journey?6. What do you think about Wang Kun and Wang Wei?T: You know Wang Kun and Wang Wei are brother and sister. What was their idea of a good trip?S1 from the firstgroup : They have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.T: Who planned the trip to the Mekong?S2 from the second: Wang Wei.T: What about Question 3?S3 from the third group: The source of the Mekong River is in Qinghai Province and it enters the South China Sea.T: How about Question 4?S4 from the forth group: We can see a glacier, deep valleys, waterfalls, hills and plains.T: What difficulties did Wang Kun and Wang Wei find about their journey?S5 from the fifth group: We know that the travelers had to climb over a Tibetan mountain and pass through deep valleys.T: You are right. Have you ever thought of traveling by bike?Ss: Yes/no.T: What do you think about Wang Kun and Wang Wei?S6 from the sixth group: I think they are energetic and determined. T: Quite right. Now Id like you to tell Wang Weis and Wang Kuns similar and different attitudes about the trip. You can have a discussion with your partners. And then fill in the chart. By the way, do you know the word “attitude”? An attitude is what a person thinks about something. Lets start.Two minutes is enough. Teacher checks the answers and ask leader students to writes them down on the blackboard while the students from different groups are telling their answers.1. Similar attitudes about the tripBoth think(1) taking this trip is a dream that comes true.(2) that they will enjoy the trip a lot.(3) they should see a lot of the Mekong.(4) that most of the Mekong will be found in Southeast Asia.2. Different attitudes about the trip(1)Wang Wei believes:they must start in Qinghai where the river begins / see all of the Mekongthat they dont need to prepare much.(2)Wang Kun believes:it is too cold and high to start in Qinghai.that using an atlas is very important.T: Do you agree with them?SS: Yes. T: OK. Another question. Who do you think was rig