高中英语 Unit 5 Period Two Learning about Language教学案 新人教版选修6

Period TwoLearning about Language现在分词(v.ing)作状语ving形式或 ving短语作状语往往修饰谓语动词表示的动作，相当于相应的状语从句或并列句。1表示时间，作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。Walking along the street，I met my old classmate.(While I was walking along the street，I met my old classmate.)我在街上走的时候碰到了老同学。Turning on the light(When he turned on the light)，he was surprised to see his son lying on the floor.他打开灯，惊讶地看见儿子躺在地上。Entering the office(As soon as I entered the office)，I picked up the telephone and called Bob.我一走进办公室，就拿起听筒给鲍勃打电话。when/while动词的ing形式强调其表示的动作和谓语动词动作同时发生。Look out for cars when(you are) crossing the street.过街时注意车辆。Dont reach sideways while(you are) standing on a ladder.站在梯子上时，不要侧着身子伸手去拿东西。2表示原因，作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。Being too young(As he was too young)，he couldnt join the army.因为太年幼，他不能参军。Not knowing how to get there(As I did not know how to get there)，I had to ask the way.因为不知道如何到那里，我只得问路。3表示条件，作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句。Driving too fast(If you drive too fast)，you will damage the car.如果你开车太快，你会把车子弄坏的。Having more time(If I have more time)，I will do the work much better.如果我有更多时间，我会把工作做得更好。注意：表示条件时主要句子中的谓语动词往往用将来时或带有情态动词。4表示伴随状况或行为方式，这种用法没有相应的状语从句可以代替，但可以用并列复合句或两个简单句代替。Thousands of students stood there，watching.(Thousands of students stood there and watched.)成千上万的学生站在那儿观看着。(习惯上stand，sit，lie等表示主要行为须作谓语动词。应说stand watching，sit thinking，lie reading等，不宜说watch standing，think sitting，read lying等)They came into the classroom，singing and laughing.(They sang and laughed，and came into the classroom.)他们又唱又笑地走进教室。5表示结果，作结果状语，没有相应的状语从句代替。The child fell，striking his head against the door and cutting it.小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰破了。注意：(1)当v.ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。如果v.ing短语的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致，即为错句。Standing on the top of the mountain，I found the houses below looked like tiny toys.当我站在山顶上时，我觉得下面的房子就像小玩具一样。(When I stood on the top of the mountain，I found the houses below looked like tiny toys.不可以说：Standing on the top of the mountain，the houses below looked like tiny toys.)(2)有时动词的ing形式或动词的ing短语有自己的逻辑主语，它们之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，称之为独立主格结构。Class being over，the children could play football.下课了，孩子们可以踢足球了。(句子主语为the children，ing形式逻辑主语class，相当于：When class was over，the children could play football.)(3)v.ing短语在句中作插入语，对全句作解释，此时不存在其逻辑主语必须和句子主语一致的问题。Generally speaking，newspapers follow the American way.一般地说，报纸采用美国英语的拼法。Frankly speaking，I dont enjoy the performance.坦率地说，我并不喜欢这场演出。Precisely speaking，they will arrive at 920 pm.准确地说，他们将于下午九点二十分到达。(4)v.ing形式的否定式not doing/not having doneNot knowing Toms telephone number，Mary was very anxious.不知道汤姆的电话号码，玛丽很着急。Not having finished my shopping，I couldnt go home.还没买完东西，我不能回家。(5)v.ing的完成式having done表示分词所表示的动作先发生Having lived in the city for ten years，he got tired of the noisy life.在城市里住了十年后，他厌倦了这种喧闹的生活。.单项填空1What are you reading，Tom?Im not really reading，just _ the pages.Aturning off Bturning aroundCturning over Dturning up答案C解析本题考查turn构成的动词短语。第二句句意为：我没在真正看书，我只是在翻书。turn over“翻过一页书(纸)”，符合句意。turn off“关闭”；turn around“完成；提供；生产出”；turn up“调大；出现；发生”。2_that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed.ASeeing BTo see CSee DSeen答案A解析see这一动作由句子的主语“I”发出，故空格处须用现在分词。3It is worth considering what makes“convenience” foods so popular, and_better ones of your own.Aintroduces Bto introduceCintroducing Dintroduced答案C解析句意为：值得考虑一下什么使得“方便”食品这么受人欢迎，并且介绍一下你自己比较喜欢的那些“食品”。and连接consider与introduce，故introduce也要用v.ing形式作为worth的宾语使用。4If we have illegal immigrants_in，many local workers will lose their jobs.Acome BcomingCto come Dhaving come答案B解析句意为：如果我们让非法移民不断涌入，许多当地的工人就会失业。have sb./sth.doing“让一直干”，其余均不合题意。5Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?Yes，I did.You know，my brother_in the match.Ais playing Bwas playingChas played Dhad played答案B解析句意为：你昨天看篮球赛了吗？看了。你要知道，我的弟弟在那场比赛中上场打球。故此处应该用过去进行时态。6Are you happy with your new computer?No，it is_me a lot of trouble.Ashowing Bleaving Cgiving Dsparing答案C解析give sb.a lot of trouble给某人带来很多麻烦；leave sb.a lot of trouble给某人留下很多麻烦。7_in the fields on a March afternoon，he could feel the warmth of spring.ATo walk BWalking CWalked DHaving walked答案B解析句意为：三月的一天下午在田地里走时，他能感觉到春天的温暖。此处应该用现在分词作伴随状语，表示walk与feel是伴随发生的动作。8I called Hannah many times yesterday evening，but I couldnt get through.Her brother _ on the phone all the time!Awas talking Bhas been talkingChas talked Dtalked答案A解析句意为：昨天晚上我给汉娜打过很多次电话，就是打不通。她的哥哥一直在电话上说个不停。此处用过去进行时态表示过去某一时间段内一直在进行的动作。9Susan wanted to be independent of her parents.She tried _ alone，but she didnt like it and moved back home.Aliving Bto liveCto be living Dhaving lived答案A解析句意为：苏姗不想依赖父母。她试着一个人生活，但不喜欢这样，又搬回家去了。try doing sth.“试着做某事”；try to do sth.“尽力去做某事”。10The telephone_，but by the time I got indoors，it stopped.Ahad rung Bwas ringingCrings Dhas rung答案B解析由句意“电话响着，但我进入室内时停了”可知该题表达的时间与过去有关，而与现在无关。由此，排除C、D两项。而如果选A项，则与后面it stopped在逻辑上存在错误。11We had an anxious week _for the results of the experiment.Await Bto be waitingCwaited Dwaiting答案D解析句意为：我们度过了焦急的一周，等待着实验结果。本题用现在分词waiting作伴随状语。12Teenagers _ their health because they play computer games too much.Ahave damaged Bare damagingCdamaged Dwill damage答案B解析根据because引导的原因状语的时态，可知前面的时态。13Whats that noise?Oh, I forgot to tell you.The new machine _.Awas tested Bwill be testedCis being tested Dhas been tested答案C解析根据一对一的问答可知，“机器正在被检测”，故选C。14_that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.ANot realized BNot to realizeCNot realizing DNot to have realized答案C解析realize与句子的主语构成主谓关系，故排除A；B和D都指将来的动作，故选C。15_in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.AWaiting BTo waitCHaving waited DTo have waited答案C解析逗号前的部分是时间状语，不定式一般不作时间状语，首先排除B、D两项；wait的动作在realize之前，故用分词的完成式。16He was busy writing a story, only_once in a while to smoke a cigarette.Ato stop BstoppingCto have stopped Dhaving stopped答案B解析句意为：他在忙着写一个故事，只是偶尔停下来抽支烟。此处应为现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示与write伴随的动作。A项通常作目的状语和结果状语。17Have you got any job offers?No.I _.Awaited Bhad been waitingChave waited Dam waiting答案D解析句意为：“有人给你提供工作了吗？”“没有，我正在等着。”用现在进行时态表示正在进行的动作。18They are quiet，arent they?Yes.They are accustomed _ at meals.Ato talk Bto not talkCto talking Dto not talking答案D解析be accustomed to 习惯于，to为介词，后接名词或动名词；由句意可知表示否定意义，故选D项。19My sister，an inexperienced rider，was found sitting on the bicycle _ to balance it.Ahaving tried BtryingCto try Dtried答案B解析该题中考查了固定句式“find宾语宾语补足语”结构的被动语态形式。由于try与find的动作几乎同时发生，且try与主语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故try须用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。20We often provide our children with toys，footballs or basketballs，_that all children like these things.Athinking BthinkCto think Dthought答案A解析think与主语we之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用thinking在句中作原因状语。.完成句子1Thinking_it_over(仔细考虑)，you will have a good idea.2Not_knowing_much(不太懂)Japanese，I am afraid I cant express myself clearly.3The weather being too hot(热)，we had to stay indoors.4Having_finished(做完)her homework，the little girl began to watch TV.5We dont allow_smoking(允许抽烟)in public places.6Would you mind changing_places(换换地方)with me?.阅读理解AEmployers and managers must never ignore the need for an office or industrial first aid kit.The federal government says that every workplace should be equipped with first aid kits and that employees should be taught first aid.Good preparation can prevent unnecessary injury，loss of productivity(生产效率)，or even lawsuits when a workplace emergency occurs.An employer must first provide the proper number of first aid kits for his workers.Many kits are available for sale online by industrial first aid kit suppliers.Kits designed for ten workers cost about $15 and kits designed for fifty workers cost about$80.There are kits also available for a small office.a vehicle，or work sites.Kits should be stored in a portable(轻便的)，durable，watertight container.Fix the kit to the wall so that it is easily seen and reached in an emergency.Include a list of kits contents to ensure it is always fully stocked.Show each worker where the kit is located and what tools it contains.Educate each worker about possible injuries and which ones will require immediate medical attention from professionals.The American Red Cross sells industrial first aid kits that meet the United StatesOccupational Safety and Health Administrations requirements.Several types of kits are available.The Personal Protection Kit contains gloves，gowns，and masks to protect workers from dangers like blood and bodily fluids.It costs about $15.The American Red Cross also sells industrial first aid kits for 25 or 50 workers that are both very cheap.1According to the passage，good preparation of a first aid kit can help to prevent_.Aany injury BillnessClawsuits Dfire答案C解析根据第一段“Good preparation can prevent unnecessary injury，loss of productivity，or even lawsuits”可知，答案为C。2How much would a company with forty workers at least spend on first aid kits according to the passage?AAbout $15. BAbout $60.CAbout $80. DAbout $95.答案B解析根据第二段“Kits designed for ten workers cost about $15 and kits designed for fifty workers cost about $80”可知，四十个工人的公司需要4套急救设备，需要大约60美元。3In order to make the kits available，an employer does NOT need to_.Aput them in a container which is easy to reachBkeep each kit always fully stockedCtell workers where the kit isDmake sure every worker has his own kit答案D解析根据第三段内容可知，A、B、C三项内容均是为了使急救设备发挥作用雇主要采取的措施，只有D项不必要。4The passage is mainly written for_.Athe federal governmentBfirst aid kit producersCemployers and managersDemployees答案C解析根据第一段“Employers and managers must never ignore the need for an office or industrial first aid kit”以及下文内容可知，本文主要是向雇主和经理介绍急救工具的重要性以及怎样购买急救用具，故答案为C。5The last paragraph is written mainly to_.Aintroduce the requirements of first aid kitsBadvertise the first aid kits sold by the American Red CrossCtell people how to protect workers from dangersDinform people how many types of first aid kits there are答案B解析根据最后一段介绍了the American Red Cross销售的产品和价格，故目的是为其推广产品，因此答案为B。BSometimes youll hear people say that you cant love others until you love yourself.Sometimes youll hear people say that you cant expect someone else to love you until you love yourself.Either way，youve got to love yourself first and this can be tricky.Sure we all know that were the apple of our parents eyes，and that our Grandmas think were great talents and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics，but sometimes its a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves.If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge，it is time you build a positive selfimage and learn to love yourself.Selfimage is your own minds picture of yourself.This image includes the way you look，the way you act，the way you talk and the way you think.Interestingly，our selfimages are often quite different from the images others hold about us.Unfortunately，most of these images are more negative than they should be.Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your selfimage and your whole world.The best way to defeat a passive selfimage is to step back and decide to stress your successes.That is，make a list if you need to，but write down all of the great things you do every day.Dont allow doubts to occur in it.It very well might be that you are experiencing a negative selfimage because you cant move past one flaw or weakness that you see about yourself.Well，roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task.If you think youre silly because you arent good at math，find a tutor.If you think youre weak because you cant run a mile，get to the track and practice.If you think youre dull because you dont wear the latest trends，buy a few new clothes.But remember，just because you think it doesnt mean its true.The best way to get rid of a negative selfimage is to realize that your