高中英语Unit13 people 知识精讲北师大版必修5

Unit13 people知识精讲一. 本周教学内容：Unit 13 people（III）二. 本周教学目标：1. 阅读课文First Impressions,掌握阅读技巧，增加阅读量。2. 学会正确理解和对待第一印象。3. 学习和掌握情态动词表示猜测的用法.I. First Impressions1. I was trying to do some revision for an important oral exam in the local library and people kept disturbing me.i. try to do sth. 努力做某事 （常常不能尽如人意）try doing sth. 试着做某事eg: I knocked at the front door ,but nobody answered me yesterday when I visited John.Why not trying knocking at the back door?ii. do some revision 复习功课do some shopping / fishing / washing / cleaning go dancing/ shopping/ farming/ boating/ camping/ fishing/ swimming/ nursing/ teachingiii. keep 既可以做动词又可以做名词使用。How long can I keep this book?I am sorry to keep you waiting such a long time.He kept trying though he had failed many times.Good girl! Keep on !Tell me the truth. Dont keep anything back.I must work hard to earn my keep.You can have it for keeps.2. The last straw was when I heard someone singing behind me.i. 这是个由when引导的表语从句。引导表语从句的词很多，如what/ why/where等。e.g. This is where we differ from each other.The thing that I care about is what you can give us.That was why I was angry with you .ii. the last straw (让人无法忍受最后倒下或崩溃的) 致命一击Grandfathers death gives the orphan the last straw.3. I turned around and glared at the person who was singing.I glanced at the books cover. It was a book of Tennysons poems.从这两句话中我们应当注意glare at和glance at的用法glare at表示含有怒气地看着，glance at表示扫视。eg: I glared at the men because he ruined my sweet dream.I am used to glance at the students every time I step into the classroom.表示看的词还有stare at .它表示目不转睛地盯着看（让人心生不自在）；look at表示普通地看，强调动作的发生。强调看到什么用see.e.g. Look at the little girl! How lovely she is !It is too dark. I can see nothing .4. It was a tall girl about the same age as me and she had a big smile on her face.=It was a tall girl as old as me and she had a big smile on her face.倍数的比较方法：A. 倍数+ as + adj/adv + asJack runs twice as fast as me .He is three times as old as her.B. 倍数+ 形容词/副词的比较级 + thanYou are twice taller than your little brother.He is three times older than her.C. 倍数+ the + N. +ofThis pool is three times the length of that one.He is three times the age of her.我们还可以有其他的表示方法，如：His age is three times that of hers.5. She looked like a literary type and seemed very interested in what she was reading.look like 看起来像She looks like a naughty boy.look + 形容词/ 副词e.g. He looks angry. What is the matter?He looks at me angrily because I have broken my promise.当look与形容词搭配时表示“看起来”，是系动词。常见的还有：sound/ feel/ taste/ smell.6. I still hate thinking of that moment. Let me tell you the rest of the story, though.though 可以引导让步状语从句：I can see your shortcomings though I admit your good points.当它用在句尾且有逗号将其与其他部分隔开时用作副词，“可是，然而”I trust you. I will ask him about it, though.I know it is dangerous. I will go, though.7. Because I left the library in such a hurry that I left my most important textbook behind. It was only when I got home tow hours later that I realized I had forgotten it and there was nothing I could do as the library was closed.i. leave在这一段话中有不同的用法。leave 离开（+for）。其进行时态常用来表示将来。I will leave for Shanghai tomorrow.leave 使,留ii. left my son at home.The student was left to do his homework in the classroom.I left and left the door open.He left his son five dollarsLeave me alone.Dont move him. Leave him where he is.leave behind 丢弃，丢下iii. 第二句话是个强调句型，强调句子的时间状语。注意还原此句后由于only在句首，句子应当使用倒装。8. She had asked a librarian to get my phone number from their files.librarylibrarian 图书管理员photographlawaccounteducatepianointerpretpoliticsgeology9. We got along really well and ever since then we have been best friends.i. get along (with)ii. ever since自从It is three years ever since you left your hometown.They have been good friends ever since.I hope I can lead a happy life ever after.II. 情态动词表猜测Modals for guessing在英语情态动词中，常用下列词表示猜测：can , could , must , may , might ,cant , couldnt, should1. 在肯定句中表示猜测，意思为“想必一定是”常用must , may , might . 语气的肯定程度渐弱。Where is Mary ?She must / may / might be in the library .The story she told me must / may / might be true . （对目前动作或状态的猜测）He must / may / might be waiting for us at the gate .(对正在发生的事情的猜测)It must / may / might have rained last night . (对过去发生的事情的猜测)2. 在肯定句中用can / could 表示理论上或逻辑上的可能，或客观存在的可能。Everyone can make a mistake .每个人都有可能犯错误。What he said in his letter can have hurt her . 他信中的话可能伤了她的感情。3. 在肯定句中用should 表示根据事物内在发展的规律、事情发展的必然性得出的结论。“应该， 理当 ”It is nearly seven oclock . Jack should be here at any time .4. 在否定句和疑问句中用cant / couldnt 表示否定的猜测。例如：The girl is honest. She cant tell lies .这个女孩很诚实，她不可能说谎。（对现在发生的事情的猜测）Can he have left yesterday ? 昨天他离开了吗？（对过去事情的猜测）Can it be true?是真的吗？It cant be true .不， 不可能是真的。You cant have seen him in the party last night .I know he has gone to America .昨晚你不可能在晚会上见到他因为我知道他去了美国。注意must / may / might 的否定形式的意思是“可能不”，不能表示否定的猜测。比较：He cant be studying in the classroom now . 他现在不可能在教室里学习。He may not be studying in the classroom now . 他现在可能不在教室里学习。我们可以将情态动词的猜测用法用表格进行归纳：结构时间句式现在动作现在状态正在进行的动作过去的动作肯定句can/must/may/might/should +do can/must/may/might/should+be+表语can/must/may/might/shouldbe doing can/must/may/might/should+ have done 否定句cant/couldnt+do cant/couldnt+be+表语cant/couldnt+be doingcant/couldnt+have done疑问句Can / Could+do Can / Could+be +表语Can / Could+be doingCan / Could+have done【模拟试题】一. ReadingAMy husband and children think they are very lucky that they are living and that its Christmas again. They cant see that we live on a dirty street in a dirty house among people who arent much good. But Johnny and children cant see this. What a pity it is that our neighbors have to make happiness out of all this dirt. I decided that my children must get out of this. The money that weve saved isnt nearly enough.The Mc Garitys have money but they are so proud. They look down upon the poor. The Mc Garity girl just yesterday stood out there in the street eating from a bag of candy(糖果)while a ring of hungry children watched her. I saw those children looking at her and crying in their hearts; and when she couldnt eat any more she threw the rest down the sewer(下水道). Why, is it only because they have money ? There is more to happiness than money in the world, isnt there?Miss Jackson who teaches at the Settlement House isnt rich, but she knows things. She understands people. Her eyes look straight into yours when she talks with you. She can read your mind. Id like to see the children be like Miss Jackson when they grow up.1. This passage mainly suggests that the writer _.A. is easy to get along withB. is unhappy with the life they are livingC. is good at observing and understandingD. is never pleased with her neighbors2. What do you think of Mc Garity girl?A. She is proud and hungry.B. She is selfish and cruel.C. She is lonely and friendless.D. She is unhappy and misunderstood.3. In this text, the writer tries to tell us that _.A. money is the key to everythingB. the more money you have, the less happy youll beC. there is something more important than moneyD. when talking to people we should look into their eyes4. Pick out the one that does NOT describe the writers view on money.A. Why, is it only because they have money?B. There is more to happiness than money.C. Miss Jackson isnt rich, but she knows things.D. The money we saved isnt nearly enough.BWe spent a day in the country, picking wild flowers. With the car full of flowers we were going home. On our way back my wife noticed a cupboard (柜厨) outside a furniture shop. It was tall and narrow. “Buy it, ” my wife said at once. “Well carry it home on the roof rack. Ive always wanted one like that.”What could I do? Ten minutes later I was 20 poorer; and the cupboard was tied on the roof rack. It was six feet long and eighteen inches square, quite heavy too.In the gathering darkness I drove slowly. Other drivers seemed unusually polite that evening. The police even stopped traffic to let us through. Carrying furniture was a good idea.After a time my wife said, “Theres a long line of cars behind. Why dont they overtake, I wonder?” In fact a police car did overtake. The two officers inside looked at us seriously as they passed. But then, with great kindness, they led us through the rush-hour traffic. The police car stopped at our village church. One of the officers came to me.“Right, sir, ” he said. “Do you need any more help?”I was a bit puzzled. “Thanks, officer, ” I said. “You have been very kind. I live just on the road.”He was staring at our car, first at the flowers, then at the cupboard. “Well, well, ” he said, laughing. “Its a cupboard youve got there! We thought it was something else.”My wife began to laugh. The truth hit me like a stone between the eyes. I smiled at the officer. “Yes, its a cupboard, but thanks again.” I drove home as fast as I could.5. In fact the husband _ the cupboard.A. would like very much to buyB. badly wantedC. was glad to have boughtD. would rather not buy6. Other drivers thought they were _.A. carrying a cupboard to the churchB. sending flowers to the churchC. carrying nothing but a piece of furnitureD. going to attend a funeral(葬礼) at the church7. The police will be more polite to those who are _.A. driving in gathering darknessB. in great sorrowC. driving with wild glowers in the carD. carrying furniture8. What did the husband think of this matter?A. It was very strange.B. He felt ashamed of it.C. He took great pride in it.D. He was puzzled at it.二. Rewrite the sentences using modal verbs and suitable verb forms.1. I am sure she is relaxing in her room.She_ in her room.2. Perhaps the plane arrived late, and that is why they are not here.The plane_ late, and that is why they are not here.3. I don not believe you failed the exam.You _ the exam.4. It is possible that Sam doesnt like classical music.Sam_ classical music.5. I am sure John is not forty-five yet.John _ forty-five yet.6. It is possible that he is living in Paris now.He _ in Paris now.7. Maybe they lied to me about their adventure.They_ to me about their adventure.8. It is quite probable that Bill did not win the competition.Bill_ the competition.三 Choice.1. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow.They _ be ready by 4:00.A. can B. should C. might D. need2. My dictionary has disappeared . Who _have taken it ?A. should B. must C. could D. would3. Jack _be a policeman, for he is too short .A. neednt B. cant C. should D. may4. I heard that they went into the mountains yesterday .I _true because they mu