高中英语必修4Module 4 Great Scientists 练习与解析

Module 4 Great Scientists 练习与解析.根据中文提示完成句子1._(生物化学)is very popular in science today.答案: Biochemistry2.He is not_ (身体上地)ill but mentally(思想上地) ill.答案: physically3. _ (产量)of computers has increased double in the last few weeks.答案: Production4.We prefer _ (质量)to quantity.答案: quality5.The doctor _（诊断）my illness as cold.答案: diagnosed6.The _（本来的） owner of the house was the Duke of Wellington.答案: original7.With new technology used in _ (农业) more crops are produced.答案: agriculture8.The new city,Brasilia, _（取代）Rio de Janeiro as the capital of Brazil in 1960.答案: replaced9.The writer was _（教育）at a very good school.答案: educated10.His book, _ (出版) the year before last,still sells well now.答案: published.下列句子中每句都有一处错误，请在错误处画线，并将正确的答案添在句后的横线上1.I know little about the girl calling Susan_.答案:callingcalled1.the girl和call之间有被动关系，因而要用过去分词作定语。2.Air pollution is the greatest trouble having been caused by the factory_.答案:去掉having been2.caused by the factory作trouble的定语，表示被动。3.In the ricegrown world,Yuan Longping is a leading figure_.答案:ricegrownricegrowing3.rice-growing意思是“水稻种植的”，作world的定语。4.All the children here are well feeding_.答案:feedingfed4.fed是过去分词，作表语，意思是“这里的所有孩子得到了很好的喂养”。5.The frightened dog made the girl cry_.答案:frightenedfrightening5.the dog和frighten之间是主动关系，“令人害怕的狗”，因而不用过去分词而用动词ing形式作定语。6.Everyone can notice the exciting look on her face_.答案:excitingexcited6.look，expression等表示人的表情的名词，通常用过去分词修饰。7.The cattle belonged to the farm were well looked after_.答案:belongedbelonging7.the cattle和belong to是主动关系，要用动词ing形式作定语。8.Much attention should be paid to the people being addicted to drugs_.答案:去掉being8.addicted to drugs是过去分词短语作people的定语。9.There is only one way to producing rice more quickly_.答案:producingproduce9.way的定语可以用of doing或者to do，表示做某事的方法。10.She looked sadly at the breaking kite_.答案:breakingbroken10.过去分词broken作kite的定语。我综合 我发展.听力听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Why does the man apologize to the woman？A.He had to say goodbye to his friend at the airport.B.He didnt go to the womans party last night.C.He had to go to another city with his friend.答案:B(Text 1)W:I expected youd come to my birthday party yesterday.M:Im terribly sorry，Susan.I had to see off a friend of mine at the airport last night.2.How does the woman feel？A.Very glad.B.Very painful.C.A little angry.答案:C(Text 2)M:I must apologize for not meeting you at the airport this afternoon.You must have been unhappy.W:Well，you should have let me know that you werent coming.3.How many people are there in the dialogue？A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.答案:B(Text 3)W:Im sorry to have kept both of you waiting.The car was held up in the traffic.M:Thats all right.We just got here ourselves.4.How will the man get to New York？A.By air. B.By bus. C.By car.答案:B(Text 4)W:You are going to New York today，arent you？M:Yes.I had thought I would fly，but then I decided that taking a bus would be cheaper than driving or flying.5.What are they going to do tomorrow？A.They are going to listen to the weather report.B.They will go swimming.C.They will go boating.答案:C(Text 5)W:Daddy，have you decided what to do tomorrow？M:Well go boating if it is fine.W:Wonderful!Im sure it will be fine.Ive listened to the weather report.听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第68题。6.What is the relationship between the two speakers？A.They are parent and teacher.B.They are close friends.C.They are neighbors.答案:C(Text 6)M:Excuse me，Im trying to do some work.Im afraid your children are making a lot of noise.Dont they ever go to sleep？W:Im sorry.They are noisy.But you know its difficult to keep boys quiet.M:I couldnt work and I couldnt sleep last night.And I was wakened by the noise they made early this morning.W:Im terribly sorry.You know they never listen-to me.They are only afraid of their father.Hes away on business，but hell be back tomorrow.M:I hope he can do something about it.7.What can you learn from the dialogue？A.The man is making complaint（抱怨） to the woman.B.The man is making some suggestion to the woman.C.The man is satisfied after talking to the woman.答案:A(Text 7)M:Oh，come in.W:I just dropped in to return these books.Are you getting dinner ready？Something smells good.M:Oh，Im just preparing some noodles.W:I thought your wife did the cooking.M:She did，but she said she would come home late today.W:So youre the cook.What are you having with the noodles？M:Some cabbages and tomatoes.Why dont you stay and have dinner with us？W:Thanks，but not today.I have to hurry off.Maybe some other time.8.Whats not the result of the childrens noise？A.The man couldnt work.B.The man couldnt sleep.C.The man couldnt eat.答案:C(Text 8)M:Dont you just love this store？Every time I go through all the things here，I always find something interesting.W:I know what you mean.Look at this box of clothes over here.Each piece costs only one dollar.M:Look at what I got here!W:What？So now youre interested in wool coats all of a sudden.The weather is too warm for it，I think.M:No，not that.Im talking about this jacket from the 1950s.Isnt it nice？W:Yes，it is.It only costs five dollars，too.M:I think if I clean it up a little and get the button fixed，itll look like its worth a million dollars!W:I think Im going to buy this little skirt and then Ill be ready to go.How about you？M:Im ready anytime you are.听第7段材料，回答第911题。9.Where does this dialogue take place？A.At the mans home.B.In a restaurant.C.In a company.答案:A(Text 9)M:Hi，Jane.Its nice to see you again.I heard you went to the US during your vacation.W:Yes.I went to New York to attend a summer course in English.M:Wow.You were lucky.How long did you stay there？W:About 50 days.I went there on July 5th and came back on August 25th.M:How about the course？W:The course was very good.The teachers were nice.They taught us to listen，speak，read and write in English，but it was mostly speaking.One interesting thing I found was that the American classes are different from our classes here because they are very free.You can sit anywhere you like in the classroom.You can ask the teacher questions at any time during the class，and you are welcome to share your ideas-with the class.I really liked this kind of class.M:How interesting!Maybe our teacher should try that.10.Why does the woman come to the mans home？A.She wants to have dinner with him.B.She comes to return some books.C.She wants to learn how to cook.答案:B(Text 10)Mr. Grey was the manager of a small office in London.He lived in the country，and came to work by train.He liked walking from the train station to his office unless it was raining，because it gave him some exercise.One morning he was walking along the street when a stranger stopped him and said to him，“You may not remember me，sir，but seven years ago I came to London without a penny in my pockets.I stopped you in the street and asked you to lend me some money，and you lent me five pounds，because you said that you were willing to take a chance so as to give a man a start on the road to success.”Mr. Grey thought for a few minutes and then said，“Yes，I remember you.Go on with your story. “Well，”answered the stranger，“are you still willing to take a chance？”11.Who does the cooking now？A.The man. B.The woman. C.The mans wife.答案: A听第8段材料，回答第1214题。12.What are the speakers doing？A.Trying on clothes.B.Buying new clothes.C.Buying old clothes.答案:C13.What is the man interested in？A.A coat. B.A shirt. C.A jacket.答案:C14.What can we learn about the piece of clothes the man is interested in？A.Some buttons are missing.B.Its worth millions of dollars.C.It was made in 1950.答案:A听第9段材料，回答第1517题。15.What was the womans main purpose in going to New York during the vacation？A.To learn English.B.To visit an American family.C.To do business.答案:A16.When did the woman come back from America？A.On July 5th. B.On July 6th. C.On August 25th.答案:C17.What in particular did the woman like about the American classes？A.The teachers were kind.B.The students were quite free.C.There were too many activities in class.答案:B听第10段材料，回答第1820题。18.Why did he walk from the station to his office？A.To save money.B.To buy something necessary.C.To have more exercise.答案: C19.Which of the following statements may be true？A.The stranger once asked Mr. Grey for money.B.The stranger and Mr. Grey knew each other very well.C.The stranger was going to give Mr. Grey his money back.答案:A20.What did the last sentence mean？A.He wanted to give Mr. Grey a chance to help others.B.He wanted to ask Mr. Grey for some more money.C.He hoped Mr. Grey could help him to be successful in his work.答案:B.单项选择1.You might wonder how it_ to live without eating for so many months.A.keepsB.succeedsC.managesD.tries答案: C1.A、B项后面不能接不定式；从句意可知，它指的是“成功地活下来”，try to 指“设法做某事，但不一定成功”。2.The arrival of the European settlers had a great_ on the life of Native Americans.A.possession B.changeC.effect D.result答案: C2.had a great effect on是一个固定短语,意为“对有了很大影响”。possession 拥有,财产；change改变；result后果。3.(2020年东城区一模题)When first _ to the market,the toys didnt attract much attention.A.introducingB.introducedC.was introducedD.being introduced答案: B3.分析句子的结构和逻辑关系，可以把when first.看成是一个省略句，相当于:When the toys were first introduced,这里toys与introduced是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。选项C是过去时的被动语态，但主语不可省略。选项D是现在分词一般式的被动语态，既表被动，又表正在进行。所以不符合逻辑。4.It was quite right for Yuan Longping to think that_ was to have more rice and produce it more quickly.A.the key to feeding peopleB.the key to feed peopleC.the key of feeding peopleD.the key for feed people 答案: A4.key（钥匙，关键），answer（答案），solution（解决方案）等名词后面常和介词to连用，这是固定搭配，既然是介词，那么后面只能跟名词或动名词，因此答案为A。5.As a result of the use of the new technology，the production of this product _50 percent.A.has risen to B.has been raised toC.has risen by D.has been risen by 答案: C5.rose是不及物动词，不能用被动语态；如果是增长或提高了百分之多少，必须用介词by，用介词to时只能是具体数字。根据这两条可判断，答案为C。6._ of food _ to the countries struck by the seaquake（海啸）.A.Large quantities；is sentB.Large quantities；are sentC.Large numbers；is sentD.Large number；are sent答案: B6.large quantities of/a large quantity of既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词；large numbers of/a large number of 只能修饰可数名词。另外，当quantities of+名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数，所以答案为B。7.Now many crops can be improved_ different species of plant，such as rice，wheat.A.by making B.by crossingC.by converting D.by changing答案: B7.这里by doing something是指通过某种方式来做某事，通过常识我们可以判断，物种改良主要通过杂交，故答案为B。8.Why isnt the recorder ready yet？Im sorry.It_ in the shop.A.is being repaired B.is repairedC.has been repaired D.hasnt repaired 答案: A8.此题考查时态和语态。根据语意，应该用现在进行时态的被动语态，所以正确答案为A，表示机器正在修理。9.The window is dirty.I know.It _for weeks.A.hasnt cleaned B.didnt cleanC.wasnt cleaned D.hasnt been cleaned答案: D9.根据时间状语可确定用现在完成时，表示已经有好几周没擦窗子了；根据句意应用被动语态。10.You are so lucky.What do you mean_ that？A.for B.inC.of D.by答案: D10.介词by 表示方式 “经，由”，What do you mean by that？的意思是 “你说那个是什么意思？”。11.The question now_ at the meeting is very important.A.discussedB.to be discussedC.being discussedD.discussing 答案: C11.A、B、C三项非谓语动词均含被动意义，但过去分词表示已完成的动作，不定式表示未来的动作，现在分词表示正在发生的动作。本题根据句中now一词可判断应用现在分词的被动式。12.That is the place where I _ when I was a child.A.was used to liveB.used to livingC.used to liveD.am used to living答案: C12.used to do 过去常常；be used to do 被用来；be used to doing 习惯于。题中的定语从句意思是 “我过去常住的地方”。故答案为C。13. you put your heart into your study，youll feel _ in it.A.Once；interestB.If；interestedC.Since；interestedD.When；interesting答案: B13.前半句是条件状语从句，用if 引导符合题意，feel/be/become interested in 对某事感兴趣。14.The way English is practicing _ it as often as possible.A.learning；speakingB.to learn；to speakC.to learn；speakingD.learning；to speak答案: C14.way后面应用动词不定式作定语the way to do或者the way of doing something，而practice 跟动名词作宾语。15.This kind of glasses made by experienced workers _ comfortably.A.is wornB.wearsC.has wornD.has been worn答案: B15.write，taste，wear等动词作及物动词时强调动作，作不及物动词时可以表示物体本身的特点。再如:The pen writes smoothly.The food sells well.阅读理解A“Go for it!”The expression“Go for it!” is a way of encouraging someone to try something.“Go for it!”means you should not worry about failure or be to careful.You should take a chance,be brave,and act firmly.“Go for it!”gets name from football.Not football as it is played in most countries such as England,Egypt or Japan,but the kind of football played in the United States and Canada.One of the most exciting times in football comes when a team has failed,after three attempts,to move the ball forward ten yards.The team must make a critical decision.The conservative(保守) choice is to kick the ball and accept temporary defeat in order to gain a good position for your team the next time it gets the ball.The more exciting choice,however,is to try a fourth and final time to gain the remaining yards needed.People present are certain to shout their advice.Some will shout: “Kick the ball!” But others will encourage the team to take a chance.“Go for it!” they will scream.In the nineteen eighties,people began using this expression in many kinds of situations to encourage someone to act bravely.There is no guarantee(保证) that the action you “go for it” will succeed.But that is the chance you take when you decide to go for it.You put your fears behind.You choose courage over safety.You hold your breath and go for it.本文是一篇励志议论文，讲述了“Go for it!”的意义并鼓励人们“Go for it!”1.The expression“Go for it!” comes from_ .A.English footballB.Egyptian footballC.Japanese footballD.American football答案:D1.本题为细节题。从“Go for it!gets name from football”和“the kind of football played in the United States”这两句话可知“Go for it!”来源于美国的橄榄球运动。2.According to the passage,when we decide to go for it,we only consider_ .A.safety B.actionC.result D.situation答案:B2.本题为句意理解题。从第二段“Go for it!means you should not worry about failure or be to careful.You should take a chance,be brave,and act firmly.”可推知答案。3.In which of the following situations should we use the expression nowadays?A.We decide to avoid trouble or danger for the future.B.We try to improve our English for better education.C.We need to make a quick decision at the last moment.D.We have to make a choice between success and failure.答案:C3.本题为推断题。结合上题的解析，我们可以排除A、D项，而B项与文章无关。BDo you suppose Darwin,one of the greatest scientists of all time,really did fools experiments?Or did he do experiments that were so simple and basic that other people just thought they were foolish?Sometimes,people think they already know the answer to a question or the solution(解决办法) to a problem.Sometimes,they really do know an answer or a solution,but without thinking they are important.Charles Darwin didnt settle for(满足于) just thinking he knew something.And,he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be.Suppose you drop sheets of paper that are of exactly the same size and shape.If you drop them at the same time in the same place,they will fall in the same way.Now make one of the sheets of paper into a tight(紧的) little ball and let it drop along with the other sheets.What happens? You have done an experiment that is so simple that you might think it couldnt be worth anything.But this simple experiment is important.It explains part of our present day understandings of physics,ideas that were worked out long ago by Galileo and Newton.And these understandings set aside some of ancient Greek physics.Scientist sometimes stops to look at very simple things and to think very hard about them.Even the simplest idea,which we might think is foolish,can shake the foundations of science.本文通过讲述达尔文也会做傻事这一故事，说明达尔文是一个善于从另一个角度思考的科学家，他的“傻”恰恰是他成功的原因。4.The passage tells us that Charles Darwin_ .A.was a great English scientistB.always liked doing the experiments that others thought difficultC.thought even the simplest thing was importantD.didnt get well with others答案: C4.本题为判断题。短文并没有说 Charles Darwin是哪个国家的科学家,可排除A；由第二段可知别人认为Darwin的许多实验不值得做,可把B排除；文中没有论述Darwin与别人相处的事情,可排除D。由“he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be.”可推出答案C。5.The phrase“set aside” most probably means _.A.throw away B.store upC.put to use D.realize 答案: A5.本题为词义猜测题。由上文可知作者认为做这个简单实验是重要的,它解释了目前人们对于物理方面的理解。因此这些理解当然是推翻了一些希腊古典物理学的观点。由此可推知set aside与throw away同义。6.The author of the passage tries to _.A.convince us that Charles Darwin,Galileo and Newton are the greatest scientists in the world B.draw the conclusion that basic sciences are simple thingsC.prove that two sheets of paper,with the same size and shape,will fall at the same speed D.draw our attention to everyday happenings around us答案: D6.本题为主旨大意题。短文的最后一段点明最简单的事情都可能动摇科学的根基,意在告诉读者要留意身边的每一件事,哪怕它非常简单。7.Which one o