北师大版 高考第一轮复习 unit 19 Language

Unit19Language,基础知识提要,核心单词根据提示写出英语单词或汉语意思。1._Wrilv.使兴奋2._5fB:snv.束紧3._in5fC:mv.告知通知4._ri5zemblv.与相似5._E5pru:vEln.赞成；同意6._5pE:tFEsv.购买7._im5bArEsvt.使尴尬8._sE5raundv.包围围绕9._in5FuEvt.保证，确保10._kEn5rAtjuleitv.祝贺11._E5dVQst(vt)调节12._in5fC:m(vt)告知,thrill,fasten,inform,resemble,approval,purchase,embarrass,surround,ensure,congratulate,adjust,inform,13._5WiEri(n)理论14._5kAfi5tiEriE(n)咖啡馆15._5Adikwit(adj)足够的16._5pQNktjuEl(adj)准时的17._5kRmpEtEns(n)能力18._5redVistE(vt)登记19._in5lB:dV(v)扩大20._5kAndidit(n)候选人21._E5tein(v)达到22._5ridVid(adj)僵硬的23._Weft(n)偷窃24._Qn5kCnFEs(adj)不知不觉的25._lEub(n)地球,theory,cafeteria,adequate,punctual,competence,register,enlarge,candidate,attain,rigid,theft,unconscious,globe,26.algebra5AldVibrE_27.geometrydVi5Cmitri_28.bacteriabAk5tiEriE_29.stewardessstju:E5des_30.manual5mAnjuEl_31.accelerateAk5selEreit_32.acquisition7Akwi5ziFEn_,代数,几何,细菌,女乘务员,手册,加速,(语言)习得,词类转换按要求写出下列单词的适当形式。1.advance(v.)_(adj.)高级的类似:disappoint(v.)_(adj.)失望municate(v.)_(n)通信类似:observe(v.)_(n.)观察3.confuse(v.)_(n)弄乱类似:conclude(v.)_(n.)结论4.congratulate(v.)_祝贺类似:celebrate(v.)_(n.)庆祝5.accurate(adj.)_(n)精确度类似:fluent(adj.)_(n.)流利度,advanced,disappointed,communication,observation,confusion,conclusion,congratulation,celebration,accuracy,fluency,6.acquire(v.)_(n)获得类似:explain_(n.)获得7.adjust(v.)_(n)调节类似:announce(v.)_(n)布告8.offend(v.)_(n)冒犯类似:defend(v.)_(n.)保卫9.register(v.)_(n)注册类似:pronounce(v.)_(n.)发音10.absence(n.)_(adj)不存在的类似:silence(n.)_(adj.)沉默的,acquisition,explanation,adjustment,announcement,offence,defence/defense,registration,pronunciation,absent,silent,重要词组1._学会2._由组成3._不理会不顾4._故意地5._意识到6._与不同7._提前地8._集中9._为了目的10._弄糊涂,catchon,consistof,regardlessof,onpurpose,beawareof,differfrom,inadvance,focuson,forthepurposeof,causeconfusion,11.pointat_12.congratulatesbonsth_13.catchholdof_14.standout_15.goaheadwith_16.teamup_17.keepto_18.provided(that)_19.relyon_20.keepinmind_,指着,祝贺某人某事,抓住不放手,突出,站在外面,在方面取得进步,合作,坚持,信守,如果,条件是,依靠,记住,重要考点突破,核心单词1.resemblevt.像；与相似(lookorbelike)拓展：_n.相似类似运用：用resemble翻译下列句子。(1)你的单车与我的差不多。_(2)你非常像你的母亲。_,resemblance,Yourbicycleresemblesmine.,Youresembledyourmotherveryclosely.,2.purchasevt.调节；适应(2)_adj可调整的，可调节的搭配:用适当的介词填空。(1)adjuststh.(_sth.)调整(以适应/适合)(2)adjust_(doing)sth.适应(做)某事(3)adjustoneself_sth.使自己适应,adjustment,adjustable,to,to,to,运用：请翻译下列句子。(1)我的表快了,我得把它校准。Imust_,itsfast.(2)一个人很难使自己适应他人的习惯。Itisdifficultforsomeoneto_othershabits(3)要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。_theageofyouaudience.(4)我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。Myeyes_thedarkyet(5)她花了很长时间才适应了在美国独自生活。Ittookheralongtimeto_aloneAmerica.(6)动物能使自己适应生存环境。Animals_theenvironment,adjustmywatch,adjusthimself/herselfto,Adjustyourlanguageto,haventadjustedto,adjusttoliving,canadjustthemselvesto,重要词组1.catchon明白，理解(understand)；受欢迎(becomepopular)提示：表示明白什么事，后接介词to。运用：用catchon翻译下列句子。(1)那首新歌很快就流行起来。_(2)我明白了他的意思。_(3)我终于明白他们在干什么了。_,Thenewsongcaughtonreallyquickly.,Icaughtontowhathemeant.,Ifinallycaughtontowhattheyweredoing.,2.consistof由组成(bemadeupof)注意:此短语不能用于被动语态。拓展:consistinsth.主要在于，(内容)主要是运用：翻译下列句子。(1)对于我来说，学习的乐趣在于过程而不是结果。Forme,thepleasureofstudying_(2)这个医疗队包括5名医生和10名护士。Themedicalteam_(3)中山由19个镇组成。_,consistedintheprocess,notresults.,consistsof5doctorsand10nurses.,ThecityofZhongshanconsistsof19towns.,3.regardlessof不管，不顾提示:regardlessadv.不顾一切地运用：翻译下列句子。(1)不管花费多少，我都打算买下那本书。Imbuyingthebook,_.(2)尽管以前我们失败过，但仍要坚持下去。Wewillgoon_.(3)走自己的路，让别人去说吧。Goyourownway_.,regardlessofthecost,regardlessofpastfailures,regardlessofwhatpeoplesay,联想：(1)具体相同意义和用法的还有inspiteof,despite等介词。Theywentoutinspiteoftherain尽管下着雨，他们还是出去了。Theyhadawonderfulholiday,despitethebadweather尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。(2)though,although(尽管)等是表示让步的连词。Althoughmyuncleisold,helooksverystrongandhealthy我的叔叔虽然老了，但他看上去还是很健壮。翻译：用不同方法翻译下列句子。虽然吃了很多东西，他还是觉得饿。_,(1)Despiteeatinglotsoffood,heisstillfeelinghungry.(2)Inspiteof/Regardlessofsomuchfoodhehaseaten,heisstillfeelinghungry.(3)Though/Althoughhehaseatenlotsoffood,heisstillfeelinghungry.,4.onpurpose故意地(intentionally)联想:_反义偶然地运用：翻译下列句子。(1)她故意把这个秘密告诉了他。_(2)你故意打破了那个花瓶。_,byaccident,Shetoldhimthesecretonpurpose.,Youbrokethatvaseonpurpose.,5.beawareof知道，意识到beawarethat知道，意识到运用：翻译下列句子。(1)我当时意识到我错了。_(2)约翰已意识到自己做错了事情。_(3)我意识到我有多么粗鲁了。_,IwasawarethatIwaswrongthen.,Johnhasbeenawareofhavingdonesomethingwrong.,ImquiteawareofhowrudeIam.,6.differfrom与不同(=bedifferentfrom)ChinesediffersgreatlyfromEnglishinspelling.汉语和英语在拼写上大不相同。Wedifferfromthemontheissue.我们在这个问题上与他们意见不一。运用：改写下列各句，使其意义不变。(1)Theshirtdiffersfromthatone._(2)Hisviewsdifferfromthoseofhisparents._,Theshirtisdifferentfromthatone.,Hisviewsaredifferentfromthoseofhisparents.,7.inadvance提前，预先(beforeintime)Wealwayspaytherentinadvance.我们总是提前付房租。运用：翻译下列句子。(1)为了确定他在家，我事先打电话给他。Tomakesurethathewasathome,_.(2)他们将预付出100美元。_,Icalledhimupinadvance,Theywillpay$100inadvance.,8.focuson集中于Alleyeswerefocusedonhim.所有的目光都集中在他身上。拓展:beinfocus清楚的运用：翻译下列句子。(1)我把镜头对准了嘉宾们。_(3)把注意力集中在你的工作上。_(3)这些字看不清楚。Thosecharacters_,Illfocusontheguestsoverthere.,Focusyourattentiononyourwork.,arentinfocus,9.keepto坚持，遵守，信守，保持InEnglandtragicmustkeeptotheleft.在英国，车辆必须靠左行驶。提示：to是介词。运用：用keepto翻译下列句子。(1)你得遵守诺言。Youhaveto_.(2)只有大家执行计划，事情才能成功。Thingswillonlyworkoutif_(3)他们固守传统，只在五月举行婚礼。They_ofhavingtheirmarriagesonlyinMay(4)我们必须保持朴实生活的作风。Wemust_ofplainliving.,keeptoyourpromise,everybodykeepstotheplan.,keeptothecustom,keeptothestyle,高级句型,1.Itwaspredictedasearlyasthe1700sthatEnglishwouldonedaybethegloballanguageandthathasprovedtobethecaseinthelastfewdecades.早至公元十八世纪，就有预言说，总有一天英语会成为全球性的语言，而最近几十年的情况证明了这一预言。结构分析:全句是由and连接的较长的并列句，前一分句中含有一个重要句型Itwaspredictedthat(有人预言说)和一个有用的短语asearlyasthe1700s(早至十八世纪)。后一分句中表示时间的短语inthelastfewdecades常与现在完成时连用。学以致用：用以上句型和短语翻译下列句子。早在二十世纪八十年代，就有人预言中国经济将飞速发长，而最近几十年的情况证明了这一预言。_,Itwaspredictedasearlyas1980sthattheChineseEconomicwoulddevelopveryfastandthathasprovedtobethecaseinthelastfewdecades.,2.Intodaysworldbeingabletospeakmorethanonelanguage,includingEnglish,ishowyoustandoutandgetahead.当今世界，你能讲包括英语在内的一门以上的语言，就标志着你与众不同，比其他人进步。结构分析:该句中的beingabletospeakmorethanonelanguage为动名词短语作主语，泛指经常性的一般的情况；how引导一个表语从句。学以致用：翻译下列句子。获得奖学金使得他有机会去了北方某州的一所大学，在那里黑人享有平等的权利，并如他们所愿自由的生活、学习和工作。_,Winningascholarshipgavehimthechancetogotoacollegeinoneofthenorthernstates，whereblackpeoplehadequalrightsandwerefreetolive,studyandworkastheywished.,3BythetimeGeorgewasdiscoveredbreedingprogrammeswereknowntobeincreasingthenumbersofothertortoisesub-species,butitwasacknowledgedthathiscasewasdifferent.到乔治被发现的时候为止，人们知道繁殖计划是为了增加其他海龟亚种的数量，但是人们也认识到乔治的情况有所不同。结构分析:全句是个由but连接的并列句，前一分句中有一个bythetime(到的时候为止)引导的时间状语从句；后一分句中that引导的主语从句，也可将itis/wasacknowledgedthat(人们认为)看作一个句型。,Bythetimethepolicearrived,thetreeshadalreadybeencutdown.Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous.,学以致用：用bythetime和itis/wasacknowledgedthat翻译下列句子。当警察到时，树木已砍伐。全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。_,4.Itisalanguagewithoutwordsthatconsistsofgesturesfacialexpressionsandbodymovementsthatgreatlyaddtoandsometimesevenreplace-spokenlanguage这是一种没有词语，由手势，面部表情，和身体动作组成的语言，它极大地丰富了，有时甚至取代了口头语言。结构分析:该句thatconsistsofgesturesfacialexpressionsandbodymovements是定语从句，Itisthatgreatlyaddto是强调句型。学以致用：用强调句型翻译下列句子，且要含有一个定语从句。惯坏了孩子都怪这位当医生的父亲。_,Itisthefatherwhoisadoctorthatistoblameforthespoiledchild.,单元基础过关,一、单词拼写根据句子意思，用本单元单词的适当形式填空。l.He_(适应)himselfveryquicklytotheheatofthecountry2.This_(规则)refersonlytochildren.3.Thepricesofhousesaretrending_(向上地)4.Heshowedsuchconcernthatpeopletookhimtobea_(亲人)5.ShespeaksSwahiliwithgreat_(流利),adjusted,regulation,upward,relative,fluency,6.Thehousewas_(环绕)byhighwalls7.We_(祝贺)himonhisbirthday8.Idontlikemakingspeechesinpublic；itsso_(难为情)9.Heknockedtheoldmandownon_(故意地)10.Mr.Dickensmadethe_(通告)atthenewconference.,surrounded,congratulated,embarrassing,purpose,announcement,二、词形辨别选择适当的词填空并翻译成汉语。1.Shewilltakean_classinEnglish.A.adventureB.advanced2.Weshouldshow_fortheold.A.respectB.represent3.Inthe_yearsofhislife,hewasahappyman.A.latter/laterB.late4.Hestoo_tobuyusameal.A.meansB.mean5.The_ofservicehasimproved.A.quantityB.quality6.Finishingtheworkinonedaywasaverygood_.Afterall,hesstillachild.A.effectB.effortC.affect,B,B,B,B,三、词类转换用所给词的适当形式填空。1Shelikeshimallthebetterforhis_(fluency)spokenEnglish.2._(accurate)ismoreimportantthanspeedinhisnewjob.3Nowtheycanhandlethepeoplesaffairsquite_(competence).4Pleaselookaftermyhouseduringmy_(absent)5Tostop_(globe)warmingweshouldmakeimmediateandcontinualefforts.,fluent,Accuracy,competently,absence,global,6Womenusedtohavelittle_(liberal).7Wewenttothepartywithourparents_(approve).8.Shewas_(embarrass)whentheyaskedherage.9Hewas_(conscious)ofhismistake，orhewouldapologize.10Thisinstrumentisusedtomeasure_(accelerate).,liberty,approval,embarrassed,unconscious,acceleration,四、词组填空用本单元所学词组的适当形式填空或完成句子。differfrom,pointat,consistof,catchon,onpurpose,regardlessof,focuson,inadvance,standout,congratulateon1.Hecontinuedspeaking,_myfeelingonthematter.2.Herbrightredhairmadeher_fromtheothers3.Theguide_acastleandtoldusthatitwasbuilthundredsofyearsago4.Paulalwayspronouncesmynamewrong.Doyouthinkhedoesit_?5.SheisspeakingsofastthatIcanhardly_towhatsheissaying,regardlessof,standout,pointedat,onpurpose,catchon,6.Ifyouwanttowatchthe2008OlympicGames，youllhavetobookyourticket_.7.Modembicycles_theearlyonesinmanymajorways8.TheUnitedKingdom_GreatBritainandNorthernIreland9.Wesentthematelegram,_them_theirsuccess10.Nowthepublicattentionis_thepricesofdailynecessities.,inadvance,differfrom,consistsof,congratulating,on,focusedon,五、语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。,(1)Peopleoftenusebodylanguage1_purpose.Someone2_doesnotknowtheanswertoaquestionwillmovetheirshouldersupwardsawayfromtheirupperbodyandthenletthemfall,3_(mean),“Idontknow”.4_,bodylanguagecanbeunconsciousaswell.Apersonwhoisfeeling5_(comfortable)ornervouswilloftenholdtheirbodyinaveryrigidmannerandhave6_tightlookabouttheirmouths.Theymightalsocrosstheirarmsandmove7_anabruptwayresemblingarobotmorethanahuman.Theymightnotevenrealize8_theyareactingbuttheirbodylanguagewilltellanyonewhocares9_(look)closelyenoughhowtheyarefeeling.Bodylanguagecanthereforemakepeoplesfeelingsmoretransparentasalthoughwecanliewithwords.10_isnotaseasytodosowithourbodies.,on,who,meaning,However,uncomfortable,a,in,how,tolook,It,(2)InTodaysglobaleconomy,Englishisthe1_(nation)languageofbusiness.2_(put)itsimply,ifyou3_(want)tobeasuccessinthebusinesswor