五种句子结构教师版

英语五种基本句型列式o 句型一： i （主谓）o 句型二： （主系表）o 句型三： t （主谓宾）o 句型四： t （主谓间宾直宾）o 句型五： t （主谓宾宾补）o1.SVio 例如：I went to school at 7：00.o 主 谓 状o 这一结构中的动词为不及物动词，其后没有宾语,后面可以跟副词、介词短语做状语。o go, live, die, talk, swim, stay, 用以上词语造句（肯定，否定，疑问）Examples:o 1).We go to school everyday.o 2).I live in Xiangyang District now.o 3).My love for you will never die.o 4).I want to talk with a foreigner.o 5).Jerry can swim well.o 6).Mr. Green will stay in China for a year.2.SV系Po 例如：The food smells delicious.o 主 系 表o 句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。o 系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示状态；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。o look, sound, become, turn, keep，get o For example:o 1).每个人看起来都不一样。（look）o Everyone looks different.o 2).那听起来很好。（sound）o It sounds very good.o 3).我现在成了一名教师。（become）o I have become a teacher.o 4).她脸红了。（turn）o Her face turned red.o 5).他现在成长得又高又壮。（grow）o He grows tall and strong.o 6).天色渐渐黑了。（get）o It is getting dark.3.SVtOo 例如：He hopes to fly to the moon.o 主 谓 宾o 1)只能用不定式作宾语的常见动词:want，hope，wish，would like，decide，agree，ask，cant wait等；o 2)只能用动名词作宾语的常见动词：mind，enjoy，keep，finish，admit appreciate avoid consider delay forgive imagine miss practice risk suggest, advise, allow, permit, feel like, give up, be busy doing, cant stand, cant help等；o 3)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语，且有区别的常见动词：remember, forget, stop, go on, try, like, mean, regreto 4)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语，且无区别的常见动词：begin，start，hate等。For example :1).记住在你离开之前把窗子关上。 (还未做)Remember to close the window before you leave.2).我记得关了啊。(已做过)But I remember closing it3).哦，你忘了关灯了。(还未做)I see. You forgot to turn off the lights4).我忘了已经写完作业了。(已做过)I forgot finishing my homework already5).Mary停下来去散步。（stop）Mary stopped to take/have a walk6).他停止唱歌了。He stopped singing.7).然后，他接下来去玩足球了。（go on）Then he went on to play football.8).Tom继续玩电脑游戏。Tom went on playing computer games.9).我们尽量完成任务。（try）We try to finish the task.10).我试着修理自行车。(看有无结果)I tried mending the bike.4.SVtOiOd例如：He gave me a pen. 主 谓 间宾 直宾1)这种结构也可将间宾放到直宾之后，但间宾前需加介词to(对象)或for(目的)；o 例如：n They lent the bike to the boy.o 主 谓 直宾 间宾2)在间宾前加to的：For example:1. 昨天爸爸给我姐姐一个礼物。（ give ）My father gave a present to my sister yesterday.2. Li Hua给Mary他的照片。（ show ）Li Hua showed his pictures to Mary.3. 我的朋友给老师了一封信。（ send ）My friend sent a letter to his teacher.4. 姐姐给妈妈带来一件漂亮的裙子。（ bring ）My sister brought a beautiful dress to Mother.5. 请把盐递给爸爸。（ pass ）Pass the salt to Father please.6. 他把自行车借给那个女孩了。（ lend ）He lent his bike to that girl.7. 以前，奶奶常给孩子们讲故事。（ tell ）My grandma told stories to children in the past.8. Tom昨天教学生一首英文歌曲。（ teach ）Tom taught an English song to his students yesterday.3) 在间宾前加for的：1. 他给我亲手做了一个生日礼物。（ make ）His made a birthday present for me.2. 她的丈夫给她买了一个漂亮的项链。（ buy ）Her husband bought a beautiful necklace for her.3. 我们应该为残疾人做点什么。（ do ）We should do something for the disabled people.4. 我们给老人们唱歌。（ sing ）We often sing songs for the old people.4)最好用SVtOdOi结构的情况：o 例如：Ill send it to you. 直宾 间宾o Well sing some songs for the friend 直宾 间宾from a foreign countrya.当直接宾语是人称代词时：b.当直宾比间宾短时：5.SVtOCo 例如：o The boy wished his father to buy a bike for him.o 主 谓 宾 宾补1)带to的不定式作宾补；o 例如：She asked me to call him again.o 很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补，这类动词有：ask，tell，want，wish，would，like，dislike，hate, advise, allow, permit等。o a.让Tom来给我们作报告 Ask Tom to give us a lecture. o b.我不愿意你走。 I wouldnt like you to leave. 2)不带to的不定式作宾补；o 例如：We often hear the girl sing the song.o 能带这种复合宾语的动词为感官动词、短语动词和使役动词如let，feel，notice，help，make，have，listen to，hear，see，watch，look at，observe.o a.星期天我帮助奶奶运水。 On Sunday, I help my grandma (to)carry water o b.昨天晚上，我听到有人在唱歌。 Last night, I heard someone sing songs. o 注：n 如果这种结构变为被动语态，不定式就必然带to.n help后的不定式可以带to也可不带to.3)分词作宾补；o 例如：He heard somebody knocking on the window.o 现在分词作宾补表示主动，且动作正在进行，过去分词作宾补表示被动，或动作已完成，也可以表示请别人做某事。能带分词作宾补的常见动词为感官动词：see，hear，notice，watch，feel及find，get，have(这三个动词为使役动词)等。o a.当我进来的时候，我看到你在玩电脑。 When I came in, I saw you playing computer. o b.当我从教室经过时，听到有人在唱歌。 When I passed by the classroom, I heard someone singing songs. o c.明天，我要理发。 Tomorrow I will have my hair cut. o d.上周，我去修自行车。 Last week, I had my bike rapaired. 4)名词作宾补；o 例如：We must keep it a secret.o 这类复合宾语只有在有限的一些动词后使用，常见的动词有：name，call，make，elect，think，find，leave等o What he have done made him a successful man.o a.我叫这只狗“飞飞”。 I call the dog Feifei o b.我们让王明做我们的班长。 We made WangMing our monitor o What he have done made him a successful man. 5)形容词作宾补。o 例如：You should keep the room clean.o 常见的能跟这种复合宾语的动词有：make，keep，find，want，wish，like，see，think，believe，leave等。o The interesting story made me happy.o leave me aloneo 让窗户开着.Keep the window open.同义句转换1.It seems that he will give us a talk tomorrow.o He seems to be giving us a talk tomorrow.o 2.I thought I hadnt covered the basket.o I had forgotten to cover t